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Brief Summary

provided by EOL staff

Fomitopsis officinalis (also known as Laricifomes officinalis) is probably the longest living mushroom in the world. Although this species was once widespread throughout the temperate regions of the world, it now grows almost exclusively in old growth forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America (in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia), having become nearly extinct in Europe and Asia. Although it has been reported from China, it is now rare as a result of deforestation. Recent research has suggested that extracts from the mycelium of these mushrooms is active against pox, flu viruses, and pathogenic bacteria. (Stamets 2005)

Typically, this mushroom causes a top-rot in mature conifer trees, thereby providing essential habitat for cavity-dwelling animals. However, this slow-acting fungus is not an aggressive parasite and can often be found in trees hundreds of years in age. Once its host dies dies, the fungus can persist in the tree for several years as a saprophyte (i.e., feeding on dead organic material). (Stamets 2005)

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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Fomes laricis (Jacq.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey
Club 30: 230. 1903.
Boletus Laricis Jacq. Misc. Austr. 1 : 164. 1778.
Boletus officinalis Vill. Hist. PI. Dauph. 3: 1041. 1789.
Boletus pur gans Pers. Syn. Fung. 531. 1801.
Polyporus officinalis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1 : 365. 1821;
Fomes albogriseus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 30 : 97. 1903. (Type from Michig-an.)
Pilaus firm, at length fragile, ungulate to cylindrical, 3-8X5-10X4-20 cm.; surface anoderm, powdery, white or slightly yellowish, concentrically sulcate, becoming slightly encrusted, tuberculose and rimose ; margin obtuse, concolorous : context soft, tough, at length friable, chalk-white or slightly yellowish, very bitter, with the odor of fresh meal, 1-3 cm. thick ; tubes evenly stratified, concolorous, 5-10 mm. long each season, mouths circular to angular, 3-4 to a miji., edges thin, fragile, white, becoming discolored and lacerate, wearing away with age: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 4X5//; hyphae 5^"; cystidia none.
Type locality : Austria.
Habitat : In EJurope, on living larch ; in America, on living larch, pine and spruce. Distribution : Michigan, Montana, California, and British Columbia ; also in Europe and Asia.
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bibliographic citation
William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Laricifomes officinalis ( Asturian )

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Laricifomes officinalis ye una especie de fungu nel orde Polyporales. Causa podrén marrón del corazón nes coníferes , y alcuéntrase n'Europa, Asia y América del Norte, según en Marruecos.[1][2][3] Conozse comúnmente como agarikon, según la quinina por cuenta del so sabor desaxeradamente amargoso.[2][3][4] Los analises d'ADN sofiten a L. officinalis como un sistema distintu del xéneru Fomitopsis.[4] [2][1][4][3][5]


Los cuerpos granibles, una vegada recoyéronse llargamente pa la producción de quinina melecinal, que se pensaba que podríen contenelo, pol sabor amargosu del polvu. Sicasí, nun contienen quinina, y nun tienen propiedaes anti-malaria.[6]

Los cuerpos granibles distintivos pueden ser grandes, d'hasta dos metros de llargu, en forma de pezuña o columnar. Son de color mariellu-blancu nidiu, cuando son nuevos, convirtiéndose llueu en blancu y caliares. La decadencia ye marrón, cúbicamente sedáu, con fieltros blancos gruesos en grandes resquiebros. El sabor de dambos cuerpos granibles y fieltros ye amargosu y distintu pa esta especie. Los árboles infectaos pueden ser hábitat d'otres especies atraíes.[7]

Usu melecinal

Laricifomes officinalis foi utilizáu polos antiguos griegos pa tratar la tuberculosis) acordies con los escritos de Dioscórides en 65 AD,[3] y por dellos pueblos indíxenes pa tratar la viruela.[8] La presencia de Agarikon nos sitios d'entierru puede indicar qu'el so usu tuvo bien estendíu.

Caltenimientu

Laricifomes officinalis namái s'atopa nos montes primarios, y crez nes coníferes, especialmente de pinu oregón ( Pseudotsuga ) y el alerce ( Larix ). El caltenimientu de les poblaciones monteses de L. officinalis ye una esmolecedora por cuenta de la perda d'hábitat de monte antiguu. Por cuenta de que ye difícil caltener la integridá xenética al llargu plazu de les cepes cultivaes en llaboratoriu, ye necesariu caltener el fungu na naturaleza.

Na cultura

L. officinalis foi importante tantu medicinalmente como espiritualmente nos pueblos indíxenes de la mariña noroeste del Pacíficu d'América del Norte, como los Tlingit, Haida y Tsimshian. L. officinalis foi mentáu como'l "pan de les pantasmes" nes llingües locales, y cuerpos granibles tallaos marcaron les tumbes de los xamanes tribales.[5]

Referencies

  1. 1,0 1,1 Chlebicki, Andrzej. «Fomitopsis officinalis on Siberian Larch in the Urals». Mycologist 17 (3). doi:10.1017/S0269915X03003057.
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 «Annotated Key to Pacific Northwest Polypores». Pacific Northwest Key Council. Consultáu'l 17 d'abril de 2011.
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Stamets, Paul. «Melecinal Polypores of the Forests of North America: Screening for Novel Antiviral Activity». International Journal of Melecinal Mushrooms 7. http://www.dl.begellhouse.com/download/article/68ee03ef1a9aac59/IJM%200703%20(362).pdf.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 Kim, Kyung Mo. «Evaluation of the monophyly of Fomitopsis using parsimony and MCMC methods». Mycologia 97 (4). doi:10.3852/mycologia.97.4.812. PMID 16457351. http://www.mycologia.org/cgi/content/full/97/4/812.
  5. 5,0 5,1 Blanchette, Robert A. (Jan.-Feb.). «Nineteenth Century Shaman Grave Guardians Are Carved Fomitopsis officinalis Sporophores». Mycologia 84 (1). doi:10.2307/3760412.
  6. Arora, David. Mushrooms Demystified. Ten speed Press: 1986. p. 580.
  7. Hagle, Gibson, Tunnock. A Field Guide to Diseases & Insect Pests of Northern & Central Rocky Mountain Conifers. USDA Forest Service: 2003, pg 29
  8. Walker, Brett (mayu). «The Early Modern Japanese State and Ainu Vaccinations: Redefining the Body Politic 1799-1868». Past & Present 163 (1). PMID 22049584. http://www.jstor.org/stable/651171. Consultáu 'l 13 de marzu de 2013.


Enllaces esternos

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Laricifomes officinalis: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

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Laricifomes officinalis

Laricifomes officinalis ye una especie de fungu nel orde Polyporales. Causa podrén marrón del corazón nes coníferes , y alcuéntrase n'Europa, Asia y América del Norte, según en Marruecos. Conozse comúnmente como agarikon, según la quinina por cuenta del so sabor desaxeradamente amargoso. Los analises d'ADN sofiten a L. officinalis como un sistema distintu del xéneru Fomitopsis.


Los cuerpos granibles, una vegada recoyéronse llargamente pa la producción de quinina melecinal, que se pensaba que podríen contenelo, pol sabor amargosu del polvu. Sicasí, nun contienen quinina, y nun tienen propiedaes anti-malaria.

Los cuerpos granibles distintivos pueden ser grandes, d'hasta dos metros de llargu, en forma de pezuña o columnar. Son de color mariellu-blancu nidiu, cuando son nuevos, convirtiéndose llueu en blancu y caliares. La decadencia ye marrón, cúbicamente sedáu, con fieltros blancos gruesos en grandes resquiebros. El sabor de dambos cuerpos granibles y fieltros ye amargosu y distintu pa esta especie. Los árboles infectaos pueden ser hábitat d'otres especies atraíes.

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Aptek poliporusu ( Azerbaijani )

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Aptek poliporusu (lat. Polyporus officinalis) - poliporus, qov göbələyi cinsinə aid göbələk növü.

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Aptek poliporusu: Brief Summary ( Azerbaijani )

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Aptek poliporusu (lat. Polyporus officinalis) - poliporus, qov göbələyi cinsinə aid göbələk növü.

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Laricifomes officinalis

provided by wikipedia EN

Laricifomes officinalis, also known as agarikon, eburiko, or the quinine conk, is a wood-decay fungus that causes brown heart rot on conifers native to Europe, Asia, and North America, as well as Morocco.[2] The fungus is in the order Polyporales, as the fruiting bodies grow in large conks on the trunks of trees. Though it is nearly identical to Fomitopsis officinalis, DNA analysis supports L. officinalis as distinct from the genus Fomitopsis,[3] however the names Laricifomes officinalis and Fomitopsis officinalis are generally used interchangeably.[4]

There has been a history of human use of the fungus, from textiles,[5] to ritualistic masks,[6] and medicinal use; the name "quinine conk" is given due to its bitter taste. There is recent scientific evidence of it having potency against several viruses.[7][8]

Lariciformes officinalis resides predominantly in old-growth forests,[9] growing in Europe, Asia, and North America, as well as Morocco. It commonly prefers various Larix species, however it has been observed on certain species of coniferous trees in genus Pinus and Cedrus, for example.[2]

Morphology

These distinctive conks can be found growing out the side of or hanging off the branches of the host tree as high as 65 feet off the ground. These conks grow in a columnar or hoof-like shape, sometimes exceeding 2 feet (65 cm) in length and nearly 1.5 feet (40 cm) in girth, and can weigh up to 20 pounds (10 kg).[4] The young fruiting bodies are soft and yellow-white, soon hardening and becoming chalky throughout. As they age, they begin to exhibit red, brown, or gray developments in coloration, cracking cubically with thick white felts visible in larger cracks.[4] The spores are white and ellipsoid shaped, being released through the bottom of the fruit during warmer months. The taste of both conks and felts is bitter and distinct.[4] A single conk usually indicates the complete infection of the tree, which can become a habitat for snag-nesting organsims. [10]

Medicinal use

The species epithet "officinalis" denotes an organism associated with herbalism or medicine; L. officinalis was used by the Ancient Greeks to treat consumption (tuberculosis) according to the writings of Pedanius Dioscorides in 65 AD,[7] and by some indigenous people to treat smallpox.[11] Later on, the conks were collected extensively for production of medicinal quinine, hence the name "quinine conk", which they were thought to contain because of the bitter taste of the powdered conk, however they do not contain quinine, nor do they possess anti-malarial properties.

Mycologist Paul Stamets has performed numerous investigations of the biological activities of Agarikon; its extracts have demonstrated antiviral activity against a range of viruses in vitro.[7] This activity has been specifically observed against pox family viruses,[12] HSV-1 and HSV-2, Influenza A, Influenza B, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.[13]

Other researchers have identified novel chlorinated coumarins in the organism which demonstrated notably low minimum inhibitory concentrations against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.[14]

Conservation

Because wild Agarikon is found mainly in old growth forests,[9] which have been subject to diseases, invasive species, and deforestation, there has been a sharp decline in habitable space for the fungus. Due to major habitat loss, as well as unregulated harvesting,[2] L.officinalis populations are continuously decreasing. While the fungus is particularly difficult to cultivate, there has been some promising research with inoculating larch branches.[15] It is necessary to preserve the forests to prevent the extinction of Agarikon; though there have been suggestions of researching ex situ cultivation for the purpose of preserving the species,[16] few locations actually protect the forests from logging, and there are only conservation laws put in place for the fungus in Germany, Lithuania, Poland and Slovenia.[2]

Ethnomycology

Laricifomes officinalis, referred to “bread of the ghosts” in local languages, was important both medicinally and spiritually to indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America, such as the Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian. The fruiting bodies were carved into masks, most likely with ritualistic purposes, and frequently marked the graves of tribal shamans.[6] In addition, there is evidence that the mycelium growing in the rotting wood was being processed into textiles within these same peoples, creating a material similar in texture to leather.[5] In other parts of the world, the fruits were used as a sort of panacea, with evidence of its consumption dating back to past 3000 BCE based upon the stomach content analysis of Ötzi the Iceman containing pieces of Agarikon. [17]

References

  1. ^ Kałucka, I.L. & Svetasheva, T. (2019). Fomitopsis officinalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T75104087A75104095. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T\\\75104087A75104095.en. Downloaded on 09 July 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d Kałucka, Izabela; Tanya Svetasheva (Leo Tolstoy Tula State Pedagogical University, Russia (2019-03-28). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Fomitopsis officinalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  3. ^ Kim, Kyung Mo; Yoon, Yuh-Gang; Jung, Hack Sung (2005-09-01). "Evaluation of the monophyly of Fomitopsis using parsimony and MCMC methods". Mycologia. 97 (4): 812–822. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832773. ISSN 0027-5514. PMID 16457351. S2CID 203881210.
  4. ^ a b c d Lincoff, Gary (1981). National Audubon Society field guide to North American mushrooms. National Audubon Society. New York. ISBN 0-394-51992-2. OCLC 8059978.
  5. ^ a b Blanchette, Robert A.; Haynes, Deborah Tear; Held, Benjamin W.; Niemann, Jonas; Wales, Nathan (2021-03-04). "Fungal mycelial mats used as textile by indigenous people of North America". Mycologia. 113 (2): 261–267. doi:10.1080/00275514.2020.1858686. ISSN 0027-5514. PMID 33605842. S2CID 231962550.
  6. ^ a b Blanchette, Robert A.; Compton, Brian D.; Turner, Nancy J.; Gilbtrtson, Robert L. (1992-01-01). "Nineteenth Century Shaman Grave Guardians are Carved Fomitopsis Officinalis Sporophores". Mycologia. 84 (1): 119–124. doi:10.1080/00275514.1992.12026114. ISSN 0027-5514.
  7. ^ a b c Stamets, Paul E. (2005). "Medicinal Polypores of the Forests of North America: Screening for Novel Antiviral Activity". International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 7 (3): 362. doi:10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v7.i3.210. ISSN 1521-9437.
  8. ^ "POLYPORES of the Pacific Northwest". www.svims.ca. Retrieved 2021-11-03.
  9. ^ a b Stamets, Paul (2009-11-13). "The Search for Agarikon". Fungi Perfecti. Retrieved 2021-11-03.
  10. ^ Hagle, Susan (2003). Field guide to diseases and insect pests of northern and central Rocky Mountain conifers. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Northern Region. OCLC 904213093.
  11. ^ Walker, B. (1999-05-01). "The early modern Japanese state and Ainu vaccinations: redefining the body politic 1799-1868". Past & Present. 163 (1): 121–160. doi:10.1093/past/163.1.121. ISSN 0031-2746. PMID 22049584.
  12. ^ Stamets, Paul (2005). "Antipox Properties of Fomitopsis officinalis (Vl.: Fr.) Bond. et Singer (Agarikon) from the Pacific Northwest of North America". International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 7 (3): 495–506. doi:10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v7.i3.60.
  13. ^ Stamets, Paul. "[Patent] Antiviral and antibacterial activity from medicinal mushrooms". Google Patents.
  14. ^ Hwang, Chang (2013). "Chlorinated Coumarins from the Polypore Mushroom Fomitopsis officinalis and Their Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis". J Nat Prod. 76 (10): 1916–1922. doi:10.1021/np400497f. PMC 3851412. PMID 24087924.
  15. ^ CHLEBICKI, ANDRZEJ; Mukhin, Viktor A.; Ushakova, Nadezhda (2008). "Fomitopsis officinalis on Siberian Larch in the Urals". Mycologist. 17 (3): 116–120. doi:10.1017/s0269915x03003057. ISSN 0269-915X.
  16. ^ Savino, E. (2014). "Medicinal Mushrooms in Italy and Their ex situ Conservation Through Culture Collection" (PDF). 8th International Conference on Mushroom Biology and Mushroom Products: 50–53.
  17. ^ Muszyńska, Bożena; Fijałkowska, Agata; Sułkowska-Ziaja, Katarzyna; Włodarczyk, Anna; Kaczmarczyk, Piotr; Nogaj, Ewa; Piętka, Jacek (2020). "Fomitopsis officinalis: a Species of Arboreal Mushroom with Promising Biological and Medicinal Properties". Chemistry & Biodiversity. 17 (6): e2000213. doi:10.1002/cbdv.202000213. ISSN 1612-1880. PMID 32271491. S2CID 215609477.

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wikipedia EN

Laricifomes officinalis: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Laricifomes officinalis, also known as agarikon, eburiko, or the quinine conk, is a wood-decay fungus that causes brown heart rot on conifers native to Europe, Asia, and North America, as well as Morocco. The fungus is in the order Polyporales, as the fruiting bodies grow in large conks on the trunks of trees. Though it is nearly identical to Fomitopsis officinalis, DNA analysis supports L. officinalis as distinct from the genus Fomitopsis, however the names Laricifomes officinalis and Fomitopsis officinalis are generally used interchangeably.

There has been a history of human use of the fungus, from textiles, to ritualistic masks, and medicinal use; the name "quinine conk" is given due to its bitter taste. There is recent scientific evidence of it having potency against several viruses.

Lariciformes officinalis resides predominantly in old-growth forests, growing in Europe, Asia, and North America, as well as Morocco. It commonly prefers various Larix species, however it has been observed on certain species of coniferous trees in genus Pinus and Cedrus, for example.

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Laricifomes officinalis ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Laricifomes officinalis es una especie de hongo en el orden Polyporales. Causa podredumbre marrón del corazón en las coníferas. Se encuentra en Europa, Asia y América del Norte, así como en Marruecos.[1][2][3]​ Se conoce comúnmente como agárico blanco. Se pensaba que la quinina le daba su sabor extremadamente amargo.[2][3][4]​ Los análisis de ADN apoyan a L. officinalis como un sistema distinto del género Fomitopsis.[4][2][1][4][3][5]

Los cuerpos fructíferos una vez se recogieron ampliamente para la producción de quinina medicinal, ya que se pensaba que podrían contenerlo, por el sabor amargo del polvo. Sin embargo, no contienen quinina y no tienen propiedades anti-malaria.[6]

Los cuerpos fructíferos distintivos pueden ser grandes, de hasta dos metros de largo, en forma de pezuña o columnar. Son de color amarillo-blanco suave, cuando son jóvenes, convirtiéndose pronto en blanco y calcáreos. La decadencia es marrón, cúbicamente agrietado, con fieltros blancos gruesos en grandes grietas. El sabor de ambos cuerpos fructíferos y fieltros es amargo y distinto para esta especie. Los árboles infectados pueden ser hábitat de otras especies atraídas.[7]

Uso medicinal

Laricifomes officinalis fue utilizado por los antiguos griegos para tratar la tuberculosis, de acuerdo con los escritos de Dioscórides en 65 AD,[3]​ y por algunos pueblos indígenas para tratar la viruela.[8]​ La presencia de esta especie en los sitios de entierro puede indicar que su uso estuvo muy extendido.

Conservación

Laricifomes officinalis solo se encuentra en los bosques primarios, y crece en las coníferas, especialmente de pino oregón (Pseudotsuga sp.) y de alerce (Larix sp.). La conservación de las poblaciones silvestres de L. officinalis es preocupante debido a la pérdida de hábitat de bosque antiguo. Debido a que es difícil mantener la integridad genética a largo plazo de las cepas cultivadas en laboratorio, es necesario preservar el hongo en la naturaleza.

En la cultura

L. officinalis fue importante tanto medicinalmente como espiritualmente en los pueblos indígenas de la costa noroeste del Pacífico de América del Norte, como los Tlingit, Haida y Tsimshian. L. officinalis fue mencionado como el "pan de los fantasmas" en las lenguas locales, y cuerpos fructíferos tallados marcaron las tumbas de los chamanes tribales.[5]

Referencias

  1. a b Chlebicki, Andrzej; Mukhin, Viktor A.; Ushakova, Nadezhda (2003). «Fomitopsis officinalis on Siberian Larch in the Urals». Mycologist 17 (3): 116-120. doi:10.1017/S0269915X03003057.
  2. a b c Ginns, J. (2006). «Annotated Key to Pacific Northwest Polypores». Pacific Northwest Key Council. Consultado el 17 de abril de 2011.
  3. a b c d Stamets, Paul (2005). «Medicinal Polypores of the Forests of North America: Screening for Novel Antiviral Activity» (PDF). International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 7: 362.
  4. a b c Kim, Kyung Mo; Yoon, Yuh-Gang; Jung, Hack Sung (2005). «Evaluation of the monophyly of Fomitopsis using parsimony and MCMC methods». Mycologia 97 (4): 812-822. PMID 16457351. doi:10.3852/mycologia.97.4.812.
  5. a b Blanchette, Robert A.; Compton, Brian D.; Turner, Nancy J.; Gilbertson, Robert L. (Jan.-Feb. de 1992). «Nineteenth Century Shaman Grave Guardians Are Carved Fomitopsis officinalis Sporophores». Mycologia 84 (1): 119-124. JSTOR 3760412. doi:10.2307/3760412.
  6. Arora, David. Mushrooms Demystified. Ten speed Press: 1986. p. 580.
  7. Hagle, Gibson, Tunnock. A Field Guide to Diseases & Insect Pests of Northern & Central Rocky Mountain Conifers. USDA Forest Service: 2003, pg 29
  8. Walker, Brett (mayo de 1999). «The Early Modern Japanese State and Ainu Vaccinations: Redefining the Body Politic 1799-1868». Past & Present 163 (1): 154. PMID 22049584. Consultado el 13 de marzo de 2013.

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Laricifomes officinalis: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Laricifomes officinalis es una especie de hongo en el orden Polyporales. Causa podredumbre marrón del corazón en las coníferas. Se encuentra en Europa, Asia y América del Norte, así como en Marruecos.​​​ Se conoce comúnmente como agárico blanco. Se pensaba que la quinina le daba su sabor extremadamente amargo.​​​ Los análisis de ADN apoyan a L. officinalis como un sistema distinto del género Fomitopsis.​ ​​​​​

Los cuerpos fructíferos una vez se recogieron ampliamente para la producción de quinina medicinal, ya que se pensaba que podrían contenerlo, por el sabor amargo del polvo. Sin embargo, no contienen quinina y no tienen propiedades anti-malaria.​

Los cuerpos fructíferos distintivos pueden ser grandes, de hasta dos metros de largo, en forma de pezuña o columnar. Son de color amarillo-blanco suave, cuando son jóvenes, convirtiéndose pronto en blanco y calcáreos. La decadencia es marrón, cúbicamente agrietado, con fieltros blancos gruesos en grandes grietas. El sabor de ambos cuerpos fructíferos y fieltros es amargo y distinto para esta especie. Los árboles infectados pueden ser hábitat de otras especies atraídas.​

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Polypore du mélèze ( French )

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Fomitopsis officinalis, Laricifomes officinalis

Le Polypore du mélèze[1] (Fomitopsis officinalis, syn. Laricifomes officinalis) est une espèce de champignons de la famille des Fomitopsidaceae.

Systématique

Le nom scientifique complet (avec auteur) de ce taxon est Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.) Bondartsev & Singer[2].

L'espèce a été initialement classée dans le genre Boletus sous le basionyme Boletus officinalis Vill.[2].

Fomitopsis officinalis a pour synonymes[2] :

  • Agaricum officinale (Vill.) Donk
  • Boletus agaricum Pollini
  • Boletus laricis F.Rubel
  • Boletus laricis Jacq.
  • Boletus officinalis (Rubel) Batsch, 1783
  • Boletus officinalis Vill.
  • Boletus purgans J.F.Gmel.
  • Cladomeris officinalis (Vill.) Quél.
  • Cladomeris officinalis (Villars) Bigeard & Guillemin
  • Fomes fuscatus Lázaro Ibiza
  • Fomes laricis (F.Rubel) Murrill
  • Fomes officinalis (Vill.) Bres.
  • Laricifomes officinalis (Vill.) Kotl. & Pouzar
  • Leptoporus sulphureus var. officinalis (Villars) Quél.
  • Piptoporus officinalis (Vill.) P.Karst.
  • Polyporus laricis (F.Rubel) Duby
  • Polyporus officinalis (Vill.) Fr.
  • Ungulina officinalis (Vill.) Pat.

Voir aussi

Références biologiques

Notes et références

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Polypore du mélèze: Brief Summary ( French )

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Fomitopsis officinalis, Laricifomes officinalis

Le Polypore du mélèze (Fomitopsis officinalis, syn. Laricifomes officinalis) est une espèce de champignons de la famille des Fomitopsidaceae.

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Fomitopsis officinalis ( Pms )

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Drapò piemontèis.png Vos an lenga piemontèisa Për amprende a dovré 'l sistema dle parlà locaj ch'a varda sì.

Cost capìtol a l'é mach në sbòss. Da finì.

Ambient

A chërs an dzora a Larix decidua.

Comestibilità

WHMIS Class D-1.svg A venta mai mangé un bolè trovà se un a l'é nen un bon conossidor dij bolè!
As peul nen mangesse.

Arferiment bibliogràfich për chi a veul fé dj'arserche pì ancreuse

Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.) Bondartsev & Singer

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Fomitopsis officinalis: Brief Summary ( Pms )

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Cost capìtol a l'é mach në sbòss. Da finì.

Ambient

A chërs an dzora a Larix decidua.

Comestibilità

WHMIS Class D-1.svg A venta mai mangé un bolè trovà se un a l'é nen un bon conossidor dij bolè!
As peul nen mangesse.

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Laricifomes officinalis ( Szl )

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Laricifomes officinalis je grzib[13], co go nojprzōd ôpisoł Dominique Villars, a terŏźnõ nazwã doł mu Kotl. & Pouzar 1957. Laricifomes officinalis nŏleży do zorty Laricifomes i familije Fomitopsidaceae.[14][15] Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.[14]

Przipisy

  1. Donk (1971), In: Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci. 74(1):26
  2. Bondartsev & Singer (1941), In: Annls mycol. 39(1):55
  3. Bres. (1931), In: Iconogr. Mycol. 20:CMLXXXIX
  4. Lázaro Ibiza (1916), In: Revta R. Acad. Cienc. exact. fis. nat. Madr. 14:666
  5. Pat. (1900), In: Essai Tax. Hyménomyc. (Lons–le–Saunier):103
  6. Quél. (1886), In: Enchir. fung. (Paris):168
  7. P.A. Karsten (1882), In: Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 37:45
  8. Pollini (1824), In: Flora veronensis, III:613
  9. E.M. Fries (1821), In: Syst. mycol. (Lundae) 1:365
  10. J.F. Gmel. (1792), In: Systema Naturae 2(2):1436
  11. Vill. (1788), In: Hist. pl. Dauphiné 3:1041
  12. Jacquin (1778), In: Miscell. austriac. 1:172
  13. Kotl. & Pouzar (1957), In: Ceská Mykol. 11(3):158
  14. 14,0 14,1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.): Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2019 Annual Checklist.. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands., 2019. [dostymp 24 września 2012].
  15. Species Fungorum. Kirk P.M., 2010-11-23
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Laricifomes officinalis: Brief Summary ( Szl )

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Laricifomes officinalis je grzib, co go nojprzōd ôpisoł Dominique Villars, a terŏźnõ nazwã doł mu Kotl. & Pouzar 1957. Laricifomes officinalis nŏleży do zorty Laricifomes i familije Fomitopsidaceae. Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.

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