dcsimg

Biology

provided by Arkive
The Gough moorhen is a monogamous species, forming breeding pairs that defend a territory together. Breeding occurs from September to March, peaking between October and December on Gough (2). Both sexes construct a cup-shaped nest in the grass, made from sticks, into which two to five eggs are laid. The eggs are incubated for approximately 21 days, also by both sexes. Two broods are possible in a year and, if managed, the first brood will help with the rearing of the second (3). This species feeds on vegetable matter, seeds, invertebrates and carrion, and scavenges petrel carcasses and garbage. Invertebrates are often foraged for in abandoned and active albatross nests, as well as petrel burrows (2). Interestingly, it actively hunts mice and preys on unattended eggs of burrowing petrels (6).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Conservation

provided by Arkive
A cat eradication programme on Tristan in the 1970s was highly successful, helping to protect the Gough moorhen and other endangered native birds (2). Unfortunately, as an introduced species to Tristan, the Gough moorhen is considered alien, and therefore not protected there under the Tristan da Cunha Conservation Ordinance (5). The bird's stronghold on Gough, however, is well protected, with the island being a nature reserve and World Heritage Site, and uninhabited apart from the staff that run a meteorological station (2). Gough Island is the least disturbed major cool-temperate island ecosystem in the South Atlantic Ocean, and hosts one of the most important sea-bird colonies in the world. Indeed, with 54 bird species, 22 breeding species and four threatened species, the island will probably continue to be well protected indefinitely, preserving this rich biodiversity and protecting the Gough moorhen for many years to come (7).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Description

provided by Arkive
The Gough moorhen is a medium-sized, thickset, almost flightless bird that resembles the common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) (2) but is smaller, stockier and with shorter wings (3). The head, neck and underparts are a sooty-black, while the mantle is brown and the tail is tipped in white (2). Unlike the common moorhen, the white plumage on the flanks is either missing or reduced (3). The beak is yellow at the tip, changing to red at the base of the bill, which continues up between the eyes to the forehead (2) (3). The legs are red to orange in colour with greenish-yellow blotches (3).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Habitat

provided by Arkive
On Gough, the moorhen is found near the coast in boggy areas and close to streams, commonly in fern-bush but sometimes in tussock grass. On Tristan, where no tussock remains, the bird is found in fern-bush (2).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Range

provided by Arkive
Originally endemic to Gough Island in the Tristan da Cunha group in the South Atlantic Ocean. However, seven birds were also introduced to neighbouring Tristan Island in 1956, where this species' close relative, the Tristan moorhen (G. nesiotis), had become extinct at the end of the 19th century. In 1983, the Gough population was estimated at 2,000-3,000 pairs and, in 1984, the Tristan population was estimated at around 250 pairs and increasing (2). It has been disputed whether the birds living at present on Tristan are descendants of introduced Gough moorhens (G. comeri) or in fact part of a recovering remnant population of the original Tristan moorhen (G. nesiotis), classified as extinct (4). Current opinion is generally that the former is the case (5).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Status

provided by Arkive
Classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List (1).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Threats

provided by Arkive
Although stable or even increasing in numbers, its occurrence in a restricted habitat on only two islands makes this species extremely vulnerable to chance events such as fires, hurricanes and disease epidemics (4). Additionally, despite surviving with introduced rats on Tristan, the accidental introduction of predators to Gough remains a risk. Indeed, it is likely that the Gough moorhen's close relative, the extinct Tristan moorhen (G. nesiotis), disappeared from Tristan as a result of predation by the black rat (Rattus rattus), though this may have been in combination with feral cat predation, habitat destruction and hunting by islanders. The Gough moorhen appears able to cope with current levels of rat predation on Tristan, but the accidental introduction of this, or any other, predator to its stronghold on Gough still remains the greatest risk facing this species (2).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Goughwaterhoender ( Afrikaans )

provided by wikipedia AF

Die Goughwaterhoender (Gallinula comeri) is 'n voël wat leef en nesmaak op Gougheiland. Dit is onlangs ook op Tristan da Cunha heringevoer. In Engels staan die voël bekend as die Gough Island Moorhen.

Identifikasie

Die voël word tot 27 cm lank en lyk baie soos die Grootwaterhoender. Die Goughwaterhoender se bene is egter rooi en nie geel nie. Die vlerke is baie kort.

Die voël leef oor die algemeen op die kusplato waar hulle in boomvaring- en adelaarsvaringruigtes skuil om roofmeeue te vermy. Die voël is sku en word eerder gehoor as gesien.

Sien ook

Bron

Verwysings

Wiki letter w.svg Hierdie artikel is ’n saadjie. Voel vry om Wikipedia te help deur dit uit te brei.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia skrywers en redakteurs
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia AF

Goughwaterhoender: Brief Summary ( Afrikaans )

provided by wikipedia AF

Die Goughwaterhoender (Gallinula comeri) is 'n voël wat leef en nesmaak op Gougheiland. Dit is onlangs ook op Tristan da Cunha heringevoer. In Engels staan die voël bekend as die Gough Island Moorhen.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia skrywers en redakteurs
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia AF

Polla de Gough ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

La polla de Gough (Gallinula comeri) és un ocell de la família dels ràl·lids (Rallidae) que habita zones humides i boscos de Gough, a les illes Tristan da Cunha.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Polla de Gough Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia CA

Polla de Gough: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

La polla de Gough (Gallinula comeri) és un ocell de la família dels ràl·lids (Rallidae) que habita zones humides i boscos de Gough, a les illes Tristan da Cunha.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia CA

Gough-Teichhuhn ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Das Gough-Teichhuhn (Gallinula comeri[1]) lebt auf der Insel Gough im südlichen Atlantik. Von George Comer wurde es erstmals gesammelt und von Joel Asaph Allen als eigene Art beschrieben.

Beschreibung

Das Gough-Teichhuhn sieht der europäischen Teichralle ähnlich. Die Vögel erreichen eine Länge von 27 Zentimeter, ihre Statur ist eher untersetzt. Die Farbe ist generell schwarz, Nacken und Rücken sind dunkelbraun, die Unterseite des kurzen Schwanzes ist weiß. Frontalschild und Schnabel sind rot, die Spitze des Schnabels gelb. Die Beine sind orange mit gelb-grünen und roten Stellen.[2]

Verhalten

Die Flugfähigkeit haben diese Vögel verloren.[3] Comer berichtete, dass sie die Flügel beim Rennen einsetzten und nicht auf einen ein Meter hohen Tisch gelangen konnten.[4]

Die Vögel sind Allesfresser. Sie ernähren sich von Pflanzenteilen, Samen, Insekten und Aas.[2]

Die Brutzeit reicht von September bis März, es werden jeweils zwei bis fünf Eier gelegt.[2]

Verbreitung

Das Gough-Teichhuhn kam ursprünglich nur auf der Gough-Insel vor. 1956 wurden einige Exemplare auf Tristan da Cunha ausgesetzt, wo sich in der Folge ebenfalls eine stabile Population entwickelte. Die Vögel bewohnen Buschland und seltener Grasland, sie fehlen in den Heideflächen.[2]

Systematik und zoologische Geschichte

Das Gough-Teichhuhn wurde erstmals 1888 von George Comer gesammelt,[3] er brachte sechs Vögel mit an Bord, von denen allerdings vier bald starben. Joel Asaph Allen beschrieb sie 1892 als Porphyriornis comeri.[4] Es wurde oft als identisch mit der ausgestorbenen Tristan-Inselralle (Gallinula nesiotis) angesehen, DNA-Studien bestätigten jedoch den Status als eigene Art.[5]

Einzelnachweise

  1. Foto von einem Gough-Teichhuhn (Memento des Originals vom 28. Dezember 2015 im Internet Archive)  src= Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/cdn2.arkive.org, ARKive.org, abgerufen am 23. September 2010.
  2. a b c d Factsheet auf BirdLife International
  3. a b Clive Roots: Flightless birds. Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn. 2006, ISBN 0-313-33545-1, S. 60 (google.com).
  4. a b Joel Asaph Allen: Description of a new gallinule, from Gough Island. In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Band 4, 1892, S. 57–58 (amnh.org [PDF]).
  5. Dick S. J. Groenenberg, Albert J. Beintema, René W. R. J. Dekker, Edmund Gittenberger: Ancient DNA Elucidates the Controversy about the Flightless Island Hens (Gallinula sp.) of Tristan da Cunha. In: PLoS one. 2008, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001835.
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Gough-Teichhuhn: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Das Gough-Teichhuhn (Gallinula comeri) lebt auf der Insel Gough im südlichen Atlantik. Von George Comer wurde es erstmals gesammelt und von Joel Asaph Allen als eigene Art beschrieben.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Gough moorhen

provided by wikipedia EN

The Gough moorhen (Gallinula comeri) is a medium-sized, almost flightless bird that is similar to the common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus), but is smaller, stockier, and has shorter wings. The bird has a distinctive yellow-tipped red bill and red frontal shield. Its first account was written in 1888 by the polar explorer George Comer,[2] whom the specific name comeri commemorates.[3] This bird is found only on two remote islands in the South Atlantic.

The Gough moorhen was originally endemic to Gough Island, but in 1956 was introduced to Tristan da Cunha, an island in the same archipelago which was formerly home of the now extinct Tristan moorhen (Galinula nesiotis). On the basis of DNA sequencing of both recently collected and historical material from both of the archipelago's moorhen species, Groenenberg et al (2008) concluded that the genetic distances between G. nesiotis and G. comeri are of at least the same size as those found between subspecies of common moorhen (G. chloropus) in the literature. They propose that the extinct moorhen of Tristan (G. nesiotis) and the moorhens that live on Gough and Tristan today (G. comeri) be regarded as subspecies.[4]

On Gough Island, it appears that the bird's future is secure with the island being a nature reserve and a World Heritage Site. In the mid-1990s, it was estimated that 2,500 breeding pairs existed on Gough Island. Gough Island is considered the least disturbed, major, cool-temperate island ecosystem in the South Atlantic Ocean and hosts one of the most important sea-bird colonies in the world, containing 54 bird species, 22 breeding species, and four threatened species. However, on Tristan da Cunha, it is not classified as a native species and therefore is not protected.

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Gallinula comeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22692866A93372513. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22692866A93372513.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ Roots, Clive (2006). Flightless birds. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 60. ISBN 0-313-33545-1. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
  3. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (28 August 2014). The Eponym Dictionary of Birds. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 284. ISBN 978-1-4729-0574-1.
  4. ^ Groenenberg, D.S.J., Beintema, A,J., Dekker, R.W.R.J. & E. Gittenberger, 2008. Ancient DNA Elucidates the Controversy about the Flightless Island Hens (Gallinula sp.) of Tristan da Cunha. PLoS ONE 3(3):1835. full text

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Gough moorhen: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The Gough moorhen (Gallinula comeri) is a medium-sized, almost flightless bird that is similar to the common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus), but is smaller, stockier, and has shorter wings. The bird has a distinctive yellow-tipped red bill and red frontal shield. Its first account was written in 1888 by the polar explorer George Comer, whom the specific name comeri commemorates. This bird is found only on two remote islands in the South Atlantic.

The Gough moorhen was originally endemic to Gough Island, but in 1956 was introduced to Tristan da Cunha, an island in the same archipelago which was formerly home of the now extinct Tristan moorhen (Galinula nesiotis). On the basis of DNA sequencing of both recently collected and historical material from both of the archipelago's moorhen species, Groenenberg et al (2008) concluded that the genetic distances between G. nesiotis and G. comeri are of at least the same size as those found between subspecies of common moorhen (G. chloropus) in the literature. They propose that the extinct moorhen of Tristan (G. nesiotis) and the moorhens that live on Gough and Tristan today (G. comeri) be regarded as subspecies.

On Gough Island, it appears that the bird's future is secure with the island being a nature reserve and a World Heritage Site. In the mid-1990s, it was estimated that 2,500 breeding pairs existed on Gough Island. Gough Island is considered the least disturbed, major, cool-temperate island ecosystem in the South Atlantic Ocean and hosts one of the most important sea-bird colonies in the world, containing 54 bird species, 22 breeding species, and four threatened species. However, on Tristan da Cunha, it is not classified as a native species and therefore is not protected.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Galinolo de insulo Gough ( Esperanto )

provided by wikipedia EO

La Galinolo de insulo Gough, (Gallinula comeri) estas mezgranda birdo de la familio de Raledoj kaj ordo de Gruoformaj.

Aspekto

Ĝi estas tre simila al la Verdkrura galinoloKomuna galinolo, (Gallinula chloropus), sed tiu estas preskaŭ senfluga birdo, pli malgranda, kompakta kaj kun pli mallongaj flugiloj. Ĝi havas diferencigan ruĝecan bekon kun flava pinto.

Disvastiĝo

Tiu birdo troviĝas nur en du apartegaj insuloj de Suda Atlantiko, nome insuloj Gough, alinome insulo Diego Álvarez, kie estas endemismo kaj de kie devenas kaj en Tristran da Cunha kien ĝi estis enmetita en 1956.

En insulo Gough ŝajne la futureco de la specio estas sekura ĉar la insulo estas natura rezervejo kaj Monda Heredaĵo. Dum la lasta jardeko de la 20a jarcento oni kalkulis 2500 reproduktantajn parojn tie. Insulo Island estas konsiderata la malplej ĝenata mezvarma insula ekosistemo en la Suda Atlantiko kaj loĝigas la plej gravajn birdajn koloniojn en la mondo kun 54 birdaj specioj, 22 reproduktantaj specioj kaj kvar endanĝerigitaj specioj. Tamen, en Tristan da Cunha ĝi ne estas konsiderata denaska specio kaj pro tio ne estas protektita.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Vikipedio aŭtoroj kaj redaktantoj
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EO

Galinolo de insulo Gough: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

provided by wikipedia EO

La Galinolo de insulo Gough, (Gallinula comeri) estas mezgranda birdo de la familio de Raledoj kaj ordo de Gruoformaj.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Vikipedio aŭtoroj kaj redaktantoj
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EO

Gallinula comeri ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

La gallineta de Gough (Gallinula comeri)[2]​ es una especie de ave gruiforme de la familia Rallidae que habita únicamente en dos remotas islas del Atlántico sur, la isla de Gough y Tristán de Acuña. Debe su nombre científico al explorador polar estadounidense George Comer que informó por primera vez de su existencia en 1888.[3]

Descripción

La gallineta de la Gough es similar a la gallineta común (Gallinula chloropus), aunque de menor tamaño, más corpulenta y con las alas más cortas, por lo que apenas puede volar. Su pico es rojo en la parte superior y amarillo en la punta y presenta un prominente escudo frontal también rojo.

Distribución y taxonomía

La gallineta de Cough originalmente era endémica de la isla de Gough, pero fue introducida también en la isla Tristán de Acuña en 1956. Anteriormente existía otra gallineta (Gallinula nesiotis) que se había extinguido en Tristán de Acuña. Los estudios de secuencias de ADN de ambas gallinetas recolectados de material histórico realizados por Groenenberg et al (2008) concluyeron que la distancia genética entre G. nesiotis y G. comeri es al menos la misma que la existente entre las subespecies de G. chloropus. Se ha propuesto que la extinta gallineta de Tristán de Acuña y la que vive actualmente en Gough y Tristán de Acuña (G. comeri) sean consideradas subespecies,[4]​ pero actualmente están clasificadas como especies separadas.

Estado de conservación

En la isla Gough parece que el futuro de esta ave está asegurado al ser una reserva natural Patrimonio de la Humanidad. A mediados de la década de 1990 se estimaba que existían unas 2500 parejas reproductoras en la isla de Gough. Se considera a la isla Gough el ecosistema isleño de clima frío sin perturbaciones del Átlántico sur y alberga las colonias de aves marinas más importantes del mundo, con 54 especies de aves presentes, 22 especies reproductoras, de las cuales 4 están son especies amenazadas. Sin embargo en Tristán de Acuña no se considera una especie nativa y por ello no está protegida.

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2012). «Gallinula nesiotis». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2013.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 19 de febrero de 2014.
  2. Bernis, F; De Juana, E; Del Hoyo, J; Fernández-Cruz, M; Ferrer, X; Sáez-Royuela, R; Sargatal, J (1996). «Nombres en castellano de las aves del mundo recomendados por la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (Tercera parte: Opisthocomiformes, Gruiformes y Charadriiformes)». Ardeola. Handbook of the Birds of the World (Madrid: SEO/BirdLife) 43 (2): 231-238. ISSN 0570-7358. Consultado el 19 de febrero de 2014.
  3. Roots, Clive (2006). Flightless birds. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 60. ISBN 0-313-33545-1. Consultado el 31 de marzo de 2008.
  4. Groenenberg, D.S.J., Beintema, A,J., Dekker, R.W.R.J. & E. Gittenberger, 2008. Ancient DNA Elucidates the Controversy about the Flightless Island Hens (Gallinula sp.) of Tristan da Cunha. PLoS ONE 3(3):1835. texto completo

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Gallinula comeri: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

La gallineta de Gough (Gallinula comeri)​ es una especie de ave gruiforme de la familia Rallidae que habita únicamente en dos remotas islas del Atlántico sur, la isla de Gough y Tristán de Acuña. Debe su nombre científico al explorador polar estadounidense George Comer que informó por primera vez de su existencia en 1888.​

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Gallinula comeri ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Gallinula comeri Gallinula generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Rallidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Gallinula comeri: Brief Summary ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Gallinula comeri Gallinula generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Rallidae familian sailkatua dago.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Etelänliejukana ( Finnish )

provided by wikipedia FI

Etelänliejukana (Gallinula nesiotis) on Tristan da Cunhalla ja Goughilla elänyt rantakana. Nimialalaji nesiotis on hävinnut Tristan da Cunhalta[1], ja alalaji comeri, jonka nimesi Joel Asaph Allen 1892, elää uhanalaisena Goughilla eteläisellä Atlantilla. IUCN pitää tätä lalaljia omana lajinaan Gallinula comeri[2]. Philip Lutley Sclater kuvaili lajin holotyypin Tristan da Cunhalta vuonna 1861.[3]

Lähteet

  1. BirdLife International: Gallinula nesiotis IUCN Red List. Viitattu 24.1.2016. (englanniksi)
  2. BirdLife International: Gallinula comeri IUCN Red List. Viitattu 24.1.2016. (englanniksi)
  3. IBC (englanniksi)
Tämä lintuihin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedian tekijät ja toimittajat
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FI

Etelänliejukana: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

provided by wikipedia FI

Etelänliejukana (Gallinula nesiotis) on Tristan da Cunhalla ja Goughilla elänyt rantakana. Nimialalaji nesiotis on hävinnut Tristan da Cunhalta, ja alalaji comeri, jonka nimesi Joel Asaph Allen 1892, elää uhanalaisena Goughilla eteläisellä Atlantilla. IUCN pitää tätä lalaljia omana lajinaan Gallinula comeri. Philip Lutley Sclater kuvaili lajin holotyypin Tristan da Cunhalta vuonna 1861.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedian tekijät ja toimittajat
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FI

Gallinule de Gough ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Gallinula comeri

La Gallinule de Gough (Gallinula comeri) est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Rallidae.

Habitat

L'habitat de la gallinule de Gough est situé principalement dans les maquis et prairies humides : subantarctique. zones humides : rivières, ruisseaux, mares et marais d'eau douce permanents ou saisonniers.

Aire de répartition

Cette espèce était endémique de l'île Gough mais a aussi été réintroduite sur l'île Tristan da Cunha en 1956.

Publication originale

  • Allen, 1892 : Description of a new Gallinule from Gough island. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, n. 4, p. 57–58 (texte intégral).

Annexes

Références taxinomiques

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Gallinule de Gough: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Gallinula comeri

La Gallinule de Gough (Gallinula comeri) est une espèce d'oiseaux de la famille des Rallidae.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Gallinula comeri ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

La gallinella di Gough (Gallinula comeri (J. A. Allen, 1892)) è un uccello della famiglia dei Rallidi endemico dell'isola di Gough[2].

Etimologia

L'epiteto specifico è un omaggio all'esploratore statunitense George Comer (1858 – 1937), a cui si deve la scoperta di questa specie[3][4].

Descrizione

È rallide di media taglia, incapace di volare, che raggiunge lunghezze di 25 cm e un peso di circa 500 g[5].

Il piumaggio della testa e del collo è nero, nero-brunastro sulla maggior parte del dorso, con sfumature verde-oliva in alcuni esemplari; sulle superficie inferiore delle ali sono presenti delle parti biancastre. La testa presenta uno scudo frontale, che si estende sulla radice del becco, di colore rosso scarlatto; la punta del becco è giallo brillante. Le zampe e i piedi sono gialli con macchie rosse[4].

Biologia

Voce

Ha una voce metallica e rumorosa. Il richiamo è descritto come un "koo-ik", duro, staccato, acuto, udibile a grande distanza[5].

Alimentazione

È una specie onnivora che si nutre principalmente di materia vegetale e di piccoli invertebrati, ma anche di carogne di altri uccelli e di piccoli roditori[6].

Riproduzione

La stagione riproduttiva va da settembre a marzo, con un picco tra ottobre e dicembre. La femmina depone da due a cinque uova per ogni covata, all'interno di un nido di erba intrecciata, dotato di un tunnel d'ingresso[6].

Distribuzione e habitat

Gallinula comeri è una specie endemica di Gough, un'isola del sud dell'oceano Atlantico, ubicata circa 350 km a sud-est dell'arcipelago Tristan da Cunha[1]. Negli anni '50 la specie è stata introdotta dall'uomo sull'isola di Tristan da Cunha ove si è naturalizzata.

Popola le zone paludose e vicino ai corsi d'acqua, essendo comune nelle foreste di felci[7].

Tassonomia

Questo uccello in passato era inquadrato come sottospecie della gallinella di Tristan da Cunha (G. nesiotis comeri) ed è stato successivamente elevato al rango di specie a sé stante[2].

Conservazione

Per la ristrettezza del suo areale la IUCN Red List classifica Gallinula comeri come specie vulnerabile[1].

L'areale della popolazione dell'isola di Gough, pressoché disabitata e classificata come Riserva naturale integrale e Patrimonio dell'Umanità, è interamente protetto mentre per le popolazioni introdotte su Tristan da Cunha non esistono specifiche misure di protezione.

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) BirdLife International 2016, Gallinula comeri, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020. URL consultato il 23 marzo 2018.
  2. ^ a b (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Rallidae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato il 23 marzo 2018.
  3. ^ (EN) Bo Beolens, Michael Watkins e Michael Grayson, The Eponym Dictionary of Birds, Bloomsbury Publishing, 28 agosto 2014, p. 284, ISBN 978-1-4729-0574-1.
  4. ^ a b (EN) Allen J.A., Description of a new Gallinule from Gough island, in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, n. 4, 1892, pp. 57–58.
  5. ^ a b (EN) del Hoyo, J., Collar, N. & Sharpe, C.J. (2018), Gough Moorhen (Gallinula comeri), su Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. URL consultato il 24 marzo 2018.
  6. ^ a b (EN) Watkins B.P., Furness R.W., Population status, breeding and conservation of the Gough Moorhen, in Ostrich, vol. 57, 1986, pp. 32-36.
  7. ^ (EN) BirdLife International (2018), Species factsheet: Gallinula comeri, su datazone.birdlife.org. URL consultato il 24 marzo 2018.

Bibliografia

  • Allen J.A., 1892 : Description of a new Gallinule from Gough island. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, n. 4, p.57–58 (testo integrale).

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Gallinula comeri: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

La gallinella di Gough (Gallinula comeri (J. A. Allen, 1892)) è un uccello della famiglia dei Rallidi endemico dell'isola di Gough.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Goughwaterhoen ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Vogels

Het goughwaterhoen (Gallinula comeri) (of Gallinula nesiotis) is een vogel uit de familie van rallen (Gruiformes), die enigszins lijkt op het waterhoen (Gallinula chloropus). Het leefgebied van de soort beslaat twee eilandjes in de zuidelijke Atlantische Oceaan.

Beschrijving

Het goughwaterhoen lijkt op het gewone waterhoen maar is wat kleiner en ziet er minder rank uit en heeft kortere vleugels. De vogel werd voor het eerst waargenomen in 1888 door de poolreiziger George Comer. De vogel heeft een lengte van 27 cm. Het verenkleed is meestal zwart, de nek en de rug zijn donkerbruin, de onderkant van de korte staart is wit. De bles en de snavel zijn rood, de tip van de snavel is geel. De poten zijn oranje met geel-groene en rode vlekken.

De vogels hebben hun vliegvermogen verloren. De vogels zijn alleseters. Ze voeden zich met plantendelen, zaden, insecten en aas.

De soort is een endemische soort van het eiland Gough, maar is in 1956 ook op Tristan da Cunha geïntroduceerd.[2]

Leefgebied en bescherming

Omstreeks 2000 werd de totale populatie van het goughwaterhoen geschat op 9000 paar. De vogel komt voor op hellingen die begroeid zijn met varens en struiken (Blechnum palmiforme en Phylica arborea). Op Gough komt deze begroeiing over het hele eiland voor, op Tristan da Cunha is dit habitat te vinden op de hellingen tussen de 500 en 1000 m.[3][4] In de jaren 1970 is de verwilderde kat op Tristan da Cunha met succes uitgeroeid. Het eiland Gough is Werelderfgoed en wordt niet bewoond. De import van uitheemse flora en vooral fauna (roofdieren) op het wel bewoonde Tristan da Cunha blijft een risico. De status van het inheemse goughwaterhoen is daarom kwetsbaar.[1]

Taxonomie

In 2008 is in Nederland moleculair genetisch onderzoek gedaan aan materiaal van de waterhoentjes die nu voorkomen op Gough en Tristan da Cunha en museummateriaal dat er nog is van de waterhoentjes van Tristan da Cunha uit de negentiende eeuw. Hieruit bleek dat er verschillen zijn tussen de 'oude' waterhoentjes van Tristan da Cunha enerzijds en anderzijds de huidige waterhoentjes op zowel Gough als Tristan da Cunha. Die laatste twee verschillen onderling niet. De onderzoekers komen tot de conclusie dat de verschillen tussen het oorspronkelijke, uitgestorven tristanwaterhoen en het goughwaterhoen bij nader inzien toch niet zo opvallend groot zijn en kunnen worden geïnterpreteerd als verschillen die mogelijk zijn binnen ondersoorten.[5] De IUCN en de IOC World Bird List delen deze opvatting niet en beschouwen het goughwaterhoen als een aparte soort.[6]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. a b (en) Goughwaterhoen op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) BirdLife International species factsheet: Gough Island Moorhen Gallinula comeri Opgehaald: 6 maart 2009
  3. A.Beintema, 1997. Het waterhoentje van Tristan da Cunha. Atlas, Amsterdam. ISBN 90 254 22411.
  4. Pers. comm. A.Beintema
  5. Groenenberg, D.S.J., Beintema, A,J., Dekker, R.W.R.J. & E. Gittenberger, 2008. Ancient DNA Elucidates the Controversy about the Flightless Island Hens (Gallinula sp.) of Tristan da Cunha. PLoS ONE 3(3):1835. full text
  6. Gill, F., Wright, M. & Donsker, D. (2015). IOC World Bird Names (version 5.1). Geraadpleegd 13-02-2015 (en)
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Goughwaterhoen: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Het goughwaterhoen (Gallinula comeri) (of Gallinula nesiotis) is een vogel uit de familie van rallen (Gruiformes), die enigszins lijkt op het waterhoen (Gallinula chloropus). Het leefgebied van de soort beslaat twee eilandjes in de zuidelijke Atlantische Oceaan.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Goughrörhöna ( Swedish )

provided by wikipedia SV

Goughrörhöna[2] (Gallinula comeri) är en fågel i familjen rallar inom ordningen tran- och rallfåglar.[3]

Utbredning och systematik

Den förekommer ursprungligen på ön Gough Island i ögruppen Tristan da Cunha i södra Atlanten men introducerades även på 50-talet till huvudön.[3][1] Vissa behandlar den som underart till tristanrörhönan (G. nesiotis) vars nominatform är utdöd. DNA-studier visar dock att om nesiotis ska betraktas som skild från rörhöna (G. chloropus) [4] bör även comeri urskiljas som egen art.

Status

IUCN kategoriserar arten som sårbar.[1]

Namn

Fågelns vetenskapliga artnamn hedrar George Comer (1858-1937), amerikansk valfångare och samlare av specimen i Sydatlanten.[5]

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b c] Birdlife International 2014 Gallinula comeri Från: IUCN 2014. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2015-01-26.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2018) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2018-02-14
  3. ^ [a b] Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2015. IOC World Bird List (v 5.1). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.5.1.
  4. ^ Groenenberg, D.S.J., Beintema, A.J., Dekker, R.W.R.J. & Gittenberger, E. (2008). Ancient DNA elucidates the controversy about the flightless island hens (Gallinula sp.) of Tristan da Cunha. PLoS ONE 3(3): e1835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001835
  5. ^ Jobling, J. A. (2016). Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. Ur del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (red.) (2016). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Hämtad från www.hbw.com.

Externa länkar

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia SV

Goughrörhöna: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

provided by wikipedia SV

Goughrörhöna (Gallinula comeri) är en fågel i familjen rallar inom ordningen tran- och rallfåglar.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia SV