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Centroleninae

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Centroleninae is one of two subfamilies of the family Centrolenidae.[1][2] It has nine genera distributed in Central America from Honduras south and east to northern and central South America. As of mid 2015, it contains 117 species.[1]

Taxonomy

Centroleninae are defined based on molecular and morphological characteristics, none of which are obvious to a naked eye. However, in several species a fighting behaviour that might be synapomorphy has been observed: males dangle by their feet and grapple venter-to-venter; amplexus-like or wrestling on leaves fighting of Hyalinobatrachinae is hypothesized to be primitive behaviour. Their sister taxon is ambiguous, it is either genus Ikakogi or subfamily Hyalinobatrachinae.[3]

Genera

There are nine genera:[1]

  • Centrolene Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 (27 sp.)
  • Chimerella Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (2 sp.)
  • Cochranella Taylor, 1951 (9 sp.)
  • Espadarana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (5 sp.)
  • Nymphargus Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid, 2007 (38 sp.)
  • Rulyrana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (6 sp.)
  • Sachatamia Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (5 sp.)
  • Teratohyla Taylor, 1951 (5 sp.)
  • Vitreorana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (10 sp.)

Several species have uncertain generic placement and are placed in Centroleninae Incertae Sedis, awaiting for more information:[1]

The AmphibiaWeb includes Ikakogi Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 in this subfamily,[4] whereas it is not included in any subfamily in the Amphibian Species of the World.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Centroleninae Taylor, 1951". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  2. ^ "Centrolenidae Taylor, 1951". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  3. ^ Guayasamin, J. M.; Castroviejo-Fisher, S.; Trueb, L.; Ayarzagüena, J.; Rada, M.; Vilà, C. (2009). "Phylogenetic systematics of glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni". Zootaxa. 2100: 1–97. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2100.1.1. hdl:1808/13694.
  4. ^ "Centrolenidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  5. ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Centrolenidae Taylor, 1951". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
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Centroleninae: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Centroleninae is one of two subfamilies of the family Centrolenidae. It has nine genera distributed in Central America from Honduras south and east to northern and central South America. As of mid 2015, it contains 117 species.

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Centroleninae ( French )

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Les Centroleninae sont une sous-famille d'amphibiens de la famille des Centrolenidae[1].

Répartition

Les espèces des neuf genres de cette sous-famille se rencontrent en Amérique centrale et en Amérique du Sud[1].

Liste des genres

Selon Amphibian Species of the World (22 mai 2013)[2] :

Publication originale

  • Taylor, 1951 : Two new genera and a new family of tropical American frogs. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, vol. 64, p. 33-40 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

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Centroleninae: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Les Centroleninae sont une sous-famille d'amphibiens de la famille des Centrolenidae.

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Centroleninae ( Italian )

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Centroleninae Bonaparte, 1850 è una sottofamiglia di anfibi dell'ordine degli Anuri.[1]

Distribuzione

Le specie di questa sottofamiglia vivono nelle aree dell'America centrale e del Sudamerica.[1]

Tassonomia

La sottofamiglia comprende 119 specie raggruppate in 9 generi:[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Frost D.R. et al., Centroleninae Taylor, 1951, in Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0, New York, American Museum of Natural History, 2014. URL consultato il 20 agosto 2020.
  2. ^ Guayasamin, J. M., S. Castroviejo-Fisher, L. Trueb, J. Ayarzagüena, M. Rada, and C. Vilà . 2009. Phylogenetic systematics of Glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni. Zootaxa 2100: 1-97.

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Centroleninae: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Centroleninae Bonaparte, 1850 è una sottofamiglia di anfibi dell'ordine degli Anuri.

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Centroleninae ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Herpetologie

Centroleninae is een onderfamilie van kikkers uit de familie glaskikkers (Centrolenidae). De groep werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Edward Harrison Taylor in 1951.[1]

Er zijn 118 soorten in negen geslachten. Vijf van deze geslachten zijn pas in 2009 voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven en zijn hierdoor niet altijd opgenomen in de literatuur. Alle soorten komen voor van het zuiden van Noord-Amerika tot in Zuid-Amerika. De kikkers zijn bodembewonend en leven tussen de bladeren van de strooisellaag in vochtige bossen.[2]

Taxonomie

Onderfamilie Centroleninae

Referenties

  1. Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History, Centroleninae.
  2. Amphibia Web, Centrolenidae.

Bronnen

  • (en) - Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History - Centroleninae - Website Geconsulteerd 27 maart 2016
  • (en) - Amphibiaweb - Centrolenidae - Website
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Centroleninae: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Centroleninae is een onderfamilie van kikkers uit de familie glaskikkers (Centrolenidae). De groep werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Edward Harrison Taylor in 1951.

Er zijn 118 soorten in negen geslachten. Vijf van deze geslachten zijn pas in 2009 voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven en zijn hierdoor niet altijd opgenomen in de literatuur. Alle soorten komen voor van het zuiden van Noord-Amerika tot in Zuid-Amerika. De kikkers zijn bodembewonend en leven tussen de bladeren van de strooisellaag in vochtige bossen.

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