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Biology

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As the Namdapha flying squirrel has rarely been recorded, there is little information available regarding its biology or ecology, but it is likely to be similar to other flying squirrels. All flying squirrels are nocturnal, possibly because their movement is hindered when on trees by their gliding membrane, and thus the cover of darkness gives them extra protection from predatory birds-of-prey, from which they cannot easily run. However, the membrane does allow an effective escape from flightless tree predators. Launching themselves from a tree, flying squirrels descend in a long, smooth curves to the base of tree trunks, where they break by turning the body and tail upwards (3). Flying squirrels are known to consume a largely vegetarian diet of nuts, seeds, fruits and flowers and sap, and occasionally fungi, and usually bear one litter each year, containing, on average, one to six pups (3).
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Conservation

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The Namdapha flying squirrel occurs within Namdapha National Park in Arunachal Pradesh (4). Despite the protection of this large area, it is still affected by human activities, such as those mentioned above. The Namdapha National Park contains not only the Critically Endangered Namdapha flying squirrel, but is also home to populations of other threatened species, including tigers (Panthera tigris), snow leopards (Uncia unicia) and Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). The effective protection of the Namdapha National Park is therefore incredibly important, but this is also an incredibly difficult aim to achieve. This is not only due to the park's inaccessibility, the lack of legal enforcement and shortage of well-trained and equipped personnel, but also due to the local people's dependence on the forest and the materials it provides. This means that any conservation measures require local people's participation to be successful (5).
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Description

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The wonderfully peculiar Namdapha flying squirrel is the only species in the genus Biswamoyopterus (2). Like other flying squirrels, the most distinctive feature of this species is the furred, muscular membrane that extends along the sides of the body, from the front limbs to the hindlegs. This unique membrane acts as a parachute when the animal leaps from a tree, and once in the air, the squirrel can steer by moving its limbs and tail, and altering the tension in the membrane (3). The thick, soft pelage is red, grizzled with white, on the back, and white on the underparts. The fur covering the small hands and feet are darker. The Namdapha flying squirrel's bushy tail is pale smokey-grey at the base, turning wine red, then reddish-brown and finally clove brown at the tip. At the base of each ear are tufts of long hair (2).
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Habitat

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The Namdapha flying squirrel inhabits temperate broadleaf forests (4). One specimen was found in a lofty tree, at 350 metres above sea level (2).
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Range

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Occurs in a small area in the eastern Himalayas, north-east India (4)
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Status

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Classified as Critically Endangered (CR) on the IUCN Red List 2007 (1).
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Threats

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This little-known flying squirrel has a very restricted range, and is currently known from only one location (1). Like other restricted-range species, this makes it particularly vulnerable to any threats, which could rapidly affect all individuals in the population. The Namdapha flying squirrel is presently threatened by habitat loss and degradation (1), caused by clear-felling for human settlements, shifting agriculture, and the extraction of non-timber forest products, particularly the leaves of a rattan palm, Zalacca secunda, for use as a roofing material (5).
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Gwiñver-nij Namdapha ( Breton )

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Gwiñver-nij Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) zo ur bronneg krigner a vev en India. Ar spesad nemetañ eo er genad Biswamoyopterus.

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Esquirol volador de Namdapha ( Catalan; Valencian )

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L'esquirol volador de Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels esciúrids. És endèmic del Parc Nacional de Namdapha, a Arunachal Pradesh (Índia). Es tracta d'un animal crepuscular i arborícola. El seu hàbitat natural són els boscos caducifolis secs de montà, on ocupa les parts més humides del bosc, al llarg dels rierols. Està amenaçat per la caça furtiva i la destrucció del seu entorn per l'acció humana.[1]

Aquest tàxon fou anomenat en honor de l'ornitòleg indi Biswamoy Biswas.[2]

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Esquirol volador de Namdapha Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. Molur, S. Biswamoyopterus biswasi. UICN 2008. Llista Vermella d'espècies amenaçades de la UICN, edició 2008, consultada el 8 setembre 2015.
  2. Beolens, B.; Watkins, M.; Grayson, M. The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals (en anglès). The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009, p. 43. ISBN 978-0801893049.
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Esquirol volador de Namdapha: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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L'esquirol volador de Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels esciúrids. És endèmic del Parc Nacional de Namdapha, a Arunachal Pradesh (Índia). Es tracta d'un animal crepuscular i arborícola. El seu hàbitat natural són els boscos caducifolis secs de montà, on ocupa les parts més humides del bosc, al llarg dels rierols. Està amenaçat per la caça furtiva i la destrucció del seu entorn per l'acció humana.

Aquest tàxon fou anomenat en honor de l'ornitòleg indi Biswamoy Biswas.

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Namdapha-Gleithörnchen ( German )

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Das Namdapha-Gleithörnchen (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) ist ein indisches Gleithörnchen. Es ist nur von einem einzigen Exemplar bekannt, das 1981 in Arunachal Pradesh gefunden und von dem indischen Biologen Subhendu Sekhar Saha beschrieben wurde. Seitdem wurde kein weiteres Exemplar dieser Art gefunden, unbestätigte Einzelsichtungen sind vorhanden.

Merkmale

Das einzige untersuchte Individuum der Namdapha-Gleithörnchen hat eine Kopf-Rumpf-Länge von 40,5 cm und einen 60,5 cm langen Schwanz.[1] Es ist damit ein vergleichsweise sehr großes Flughörnchen. Das Tier ist oberseits rotbraun mit weißgrauer Melierung, die Gleithäute sind oberseits glänzend mahagoni-rotbraun gefärbt. Der Kopf besitzt oberseits einen Fleck aus blass violett-grauer Behaarung, die Schnauzenregion ist ebenfalls rotbraun mit einem schwarzen Strich über der Nase. Die Ohren besitzen auffällige Haarbüschel. Die Bauchseite ist weiß bis weißgrau gefärbt, die Unterseite der Gleithäute rot-orange und besitzt im hinteren Bereich einen roten Streifen mit grauer Melierung. Der Schwanz ist am zylindrischen Ansatz unter dem sich zwischen den Oberschenkeln (interfemoral) spannenden Teil der hinteren Gleithaut rauchig-grau und geht daran anschließend zum Schwanzende in ein rötliches Braun über, die Spitze ist braun.[2][1]

Wie alle Gleithörnchen hat es eine behaarte Gleithaut, die Hand- und Fußgelenke miteinander verbindet und durch eine Hautfalte zwischen den Hinterbeinen und dem Schwanzansatz vergrößert wird. Die Gleithaut ist muskulös und am Rand verstärkt, sie kann entsprechend angespannt und erschlafft werden, um die Richtung des Gleitflugs zu kontrollieren.

Äußerlich hat es eine große Ähnlichkeit mit einem Riesengleithörnchen (Petaurista), im Gegensatz zu diesem aber Ohrbüschel. Die Untersuchung des Gebisses ergab erhebliche Abweichungen von allen bekannten Gleithörnchen. Die Schneidezähne sind bei allen Gleithörnchen rot pigmentiert, nicht aber bei dieser Art. Auch der Zahnschmelz und die Größe der Backenzähne sind abweichend.[3][4]

Verbreitung

 src=
Fundorte der drei bekannten Biswamoyopterus-Arten; der Fundort des Namdapha-Gleithörnchens ist mit einem blauen Stern markiert.

Das Namdapha-Gleithörnchen ist bislang nur aus der Region der Erstbeschreibung bekannt, die sich im Namdapha-Nationalpark im westlichen Ausläufer des Patkai in Arunachal Pradesh in Ostindien befindet.[1] Man geht davon aus, dass die Art nur in diesem Gebiet in einem einzigen Tal mit weniger als 100 km2 Fläche vorkommt.[2]

Lebensweise

Über die Lebensweise und Ökologie des Namdapha-Gleithörnchens liegen keine Daten vor. Der Lebensraum im Namdapha-Nationalpark liegt in einem Tal in einer Höhe von 100 bis 350 Metern und ist durch einen tropisch trockenen Laubwald mit Flusslauf geprägt. Wie andere Arten ist es wahrscheinlich baumlebend und nachtaktiv.[2][1]

Systematik

Das Namdapha-Gleithörnchen wird als eigenständige Art innerhalb der Gattung Biswamoyopterus eingeordnet, die bis 2013 nur aus dieser einen Art bestand.[5][2] Die wissenschaftliche Erstbeschreibung der Art und der Gattung stammt von dem indischen Zoologen Subhendu Sekhar Saha aus dem Jahr 1981 anhand eines Individuums aus der Region im Namdapha-Nationalpark im Tirap-Distrikt in Arunachal Pradesh Indien.[3][1][5] Saha benannte sowohl die Gattung wie auch die Art nach dem indischen Zoologen und Naturschützer Biswamoy Biswas, der die Expedition, bei der die Art entdeckt wurde, geleitet hat.[3]

2013 wurde mit dem Laos-Gleithörnchen (Biswamoyopterus laoensis) eine zweite Art der Gattung Biswamoyopterus aus dem zentralen Laos beschrieben[6] und 2019 folgte mit Biswamoyopterus gaoligongensis die Beschreibung einer dritten Art aus dem Gaoligong Shan in China.[7]

Innerhalb der Art keine Unterarten unterschieden.[2][5]

Bestand, Gefährdung und Schutz

Die IUCN hat dieses Hörnchen als vom Aussterben bedroht („critically endangered“) gelistet. Da es so selten gesehen und bislang nur einmal 1981 wissenschaftlich dokumentiert wurde, wird angenommen, dass es ein winziges Verbreitungsgebiet von weniger als 100 km2 bewohnt und die Population sehr klein ist.[8] Neben der Erstbeschreibung wurden bislang nur zwei weitere, unbestätigte Sichtungen dokumentiert.[8]

Als potenzielle Gefährdungsursache wird vor allem die illegale Bejagung als Fleischlieferant angenommen. Hinzu kommt ein genereller Lebensraumverlust bei extremen Regenfällen (Monsun) durch Überflutungen und Erdrutsche.[8][2] Es wird zudem angenommen, dass die Art empfindlich auf Störungen regiert und durch Holzeinschlag oder der Umwandlung von Waldgebieten in landwirtschaftliche Flächen verdrängt werden könnte.[1]

Belege

  1. a b c d e f J.L. Koprowski, E.A. Goldstein, K.R. Bennett, C. Pereira Mendes: Namdapha Flying Squirrel Biswamoyopterus biswasi. In: Don E. Wilson, T.E. Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (Hrsg.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Band 6) Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016, ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4, S. 769.
  2. a b c d e f Richard W. Thorington Jr., John L. Koprowski, Michael A. Steele: Squirrels of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2012; S. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-4214-0469-1
  3. a b c Subhendu Sekhar Saha: A new Genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) from northeastern India, Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India 4, 1981. (PDF)
  4. Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. 2 Bände. 6. Auflage. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD u. a. 1999, ISBN 0-8018-5789-9.
  5. a b c Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (Hrsg.): Biswamoyopterus biswasi in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).
  6. Daosavanh Sanamxay, Bounsavane Douangboubpha, Sara Bumrungsri, Sysouphanh Xayavong, Vilakhan Xayaphet, Chutamas Satasook, Paul J. J. Bates: Rediscovery of Biswamoyopterus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in Asia, with the description of a new species from Lao PDR. In: Zootaxa. Bd. 3686, Nr. 4, 15. Juli 2013, S. 471–481, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.5.
  7. Quan Li, Xue-You Li, Stephen M. Jackson, Fei Li, Ming Jiang, Wei Zhao, Wen-Yu Song, Xue-Long Jiang: Discovery and description of a mysterious Asian flying squirrel (Rodentia, Sciuridae, Biswamoyopterus) from Mount Gaoligong, southwest China. ZooKeys 864, 2019; S. 147–160. doi:10.3897/zookeys.864.33678.
  8. a b c Biswamoyopterus biswasi in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2014.2. Eingestellt von: S. Molur, 2008. Abgerufen am 9. August 2014.

Literatur

  • Richard W. Thorington Jr., John L. Koprowski, Michael A. Steele: Squirrels of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2012; S. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-4214-0469-1
  • J.L. Koprowski, E.A. Goldstein, K.R. Bennett, C. Pereira Mendes: Namdapha Flying Squirrel Biswamoyopterus biswasi. In: Don E. Wilson, T.E. Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (Hrsg.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Band 6) Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016, ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4, S. 769.
  • Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. 2 Bände. 6. Auflage. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD u. a. 1999, ISBN 0-8018-5789-9.

Weblinks

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Namdapha-Gleithörnchen: Brief Summary ( German )

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Das Namdapha-Gleithörnchen (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) ist ein indisches Gleithörnchen. Es ist nur von einem einzigen Exemplar bekannt, das 1981 in Arunachal Pradesh gefunden und von dem indischen Biologen Subhendu Sekhar Saha beschrieben wurde. Seitdem wurde kein weiteres Exemplar dieser Art gefunden, unbestätigte Einzelsichtungen sind vorhanden.

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Biswamoyopterus ( Occitan (post 1500) )

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Referéncias extèrnas

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Namdapha flying squirrel

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The Namdapha flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) is an arboreal, nocturnal flying squirrel endemic to Arunachal Pradesh in northeast India, where it is known from a single specimen collected in Namdapha National Park in 1981.[1] No population estimate is available for B. biswasi, but the known habitat is tall Mesua ferrea jungles, often on hill slopes in the catchment area of Dihing River (particularly on the western slope of Patkai range) in northeastern India.[3][4]

It was the sole member in the genus Biswamoyopterus until the description of the Laotian giant flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus laoensis) in 2013.[5] In 2018, Quan Li from the Kunming Institute of Zoology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered a new squirrel in the same genus while studying specimens in their collection, called the Mount Gaoligong flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus gaoligongensis), based on the region it was discovered in.[6]

Description

Biswamoyopterus biswasi has reddish, grizzled fur with white above. Its crown is pale grey, its patagium is orangish and its underparts are white.[3][4]

The cheek teeth of B. biswasi are simple, and its incisors are unpigmented. Septae are multiple in auditory bullae and sometimes honeycomb-shaped with 10 to 12 cells in it.[3][4]

It measures 40.5 cm (15.9 in) from head-to-vent and has a 60 cm (24 in) long tail. The hindfoot is 7.8 cm (3.1 in) and the ear is 4.6 cm (1.8 in).[3][4]

The scientific name commemorates Biswamoy Biswas, director of the Zoological Survey of India.[3]

Status

The Namdapha flying squirrel is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN. It is known from a single specimen collected in 1981 in Namdapha National Park. Its range of the Namdapha flying squirrel may be restricted to a single valley and it is threatened by poaching of animals for food from within the park, and possibly by habitat destruction.[1] It is among the 25 "most wanted lost" species that are the focus of Global Wildlife Conservation's "Search for Lost Species" initiative.[7]

There are several later reports of sightings by tourists and local researches, but a review by scientists specialising in flying squirrels found that most—if not all—have been the result of confusion with other, more common species that occur in Namdapha National Park, especially the rather similar candidula red giant flying squirrel (Petaurista petaurista candidula).[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c Molur, S. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Biswamoyopterus biswasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2816A115063959. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T2816A22271554.en.
  2. ^ Thorington, R.W., Jr.; Hoffman, R.S. (2005). "Family Sciuridae". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 754–818. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ a b c d e Saha, S. S. (1981). "A new genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) from northeastern India" (PDF). Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India. 4 (3): 331–336.
  4. ^ a b c d Saha, S. S. (1985). "Mammalia" (PDF). Records of the Zoological Survey of India. 82 (1–4): 321–330. doi:10.26515/rzsi/v82/i1-4/1984/161306. S2CID 251697069.
  5. ^ Sanamxay, Daosavanh; Douangboubpha, Bounsavane; Bumrungsri, Sara; Xayavong, Sysouphanh; Xayaphet, Vilakhan; Satasook, Chutamas; Bates, Paul J.J. (2013). "Rediscovery of Biswamoyopterus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in Asia, with the description of a new species from Lao PDR". Zootaxa. 3686 (4): 471–481. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.5. PMID 26473234. S2CID 1381787.
  6. ^ Gutoskey, Ellen (24 July 2019). "Humongous, chihuahua-sized species of flying squirrel has been discovered in China". www.mentalfloss.com. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  7. ^ "The Search for Lost Species". Global Wildlife Conservation. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  8. ^ Krishna, C. M.; Kumar, A. (2014). "Why the Red Giant Gliding Squirrel Petaurista petaurista is often mistaken for the Namdapha Gliding Squirrel Biswamoyopterus biswasi (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) in Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, India". Journal of Threatened Taxa. 6 (8): 6138–6141. doi:10.11609/JoTT.o3727.6138-41.
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Namdapha flying squirrel: Brief Summary

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The Namdapha flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) is an arboreal, nocturnal flying squirrel endemic to Arunachal Pradesh in northeast India, where it is known from a single specimen collected in Namdapha National Park in 1981. No population estimate is available for B. biswasi, but the known habitat is tall Mesua ferrea jungles, often on hill slopes in the catchment area of Dihing River (particularly on the western slope of Patkai range) in northeastern India.

It was the sole member in the genus Biswamoyopterus until the description of the Laotian giant flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus laoensis) in 2013. In 2018, Quan Li from the Kunming Institute of Zoology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered a new squirrel in the same genus while studying specimens in their collection, called the Mount Gaoligong flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus gaoligongensis), based on the region it was discovered in.

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi ( Spanish; Castilian )

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La ardilla voladora de Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) una especie de ardilla voladora, nocturna y arbórea endémica de la India, clasificada como especie en peligro crítico de extinción debido a la destrucción de su hábitat. Se recolectó por primera vez en Deban el 27 de abril de 1981. No existen estimaciones de su población, pero se sabe que su hábitat son las selvas de Mesua ferrea, por lo general en colinas cercanas a la cuenca hidrográfica del Noa Dihing (particularmente en la ladera occidental de la cordillera Patkai) en India nororiental.[3][4]

Morfología

La ardilla voladora de Namdapha tiene un pelaje rojizo entrecano con trazos blancos en la parte superior. Su cresta es de color gris pálido, su patagio es naranjáceo y sus partes inferiores son blancas. Las muelas de B. biswasi son simples, y sus incisivos no están pigmentados. Mide 40,5 cm de la cabeza a la cloaca, mientras que su cola mide unos 60 cm. Su retropié es de 7,8 cm y la oreja, de 4,6 cm.[3][4]

Referencias

  1. Molur, S. (2016). «Biswamoyopterus biswasi». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2017.3 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 22 de enero de 2018.
  2. Don E. Wilson y DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.) (2005). Mammal Species of the World - A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (en inglés) (3ra edición).
  3. a b Saha, S. S. (1981). «A new Genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) from northeastern India». Bull. Zool. surv. India (en inglés) 4 (3): 331-336.
  4. a b Saha, S. S. (1985). «Arunachal Pradesh: A Proposed Biosphere Reserve». Mammalia Rec. Zool. surv. India (Special Issue on Fauna of Namdapha (en inglés) 82 (1-4): 321-330.

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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La ardilla voladora de Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) una especie de ardilla voladora, nocturna y arbórea endémica de la India, clasificada como especie en peligro crítico de extinción debido a la destrucción de su hábitat. Se recolectó por primera vez en Deban el 27 de abril de 1981. No existen estimaciones de su población, pero se sabe que su hábitat son las selvas de Mesua ferrea, por lo general en colinas cercanas a la cuenca hidrográfica del Noa Dihing (particularmente en la ladera occidental de la cordillera Patkai) en India nororiental.​​

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi ( Basque )

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi Biswamoyopterus generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Sciurinae azpifamilia eta Sciuridae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Saha (1981) Sciuridae Bull. Zool. Surv. India 333. or..

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi Biswamoyopterus generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Sciurinae azpifamilia eta Sciuridae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi ( French )

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi est une espèce d'écureuil volant de la famille des Sciuridae et du genre Biswamoyopterus endémique d'Inde. Elle est en danger critique de disparition. Il est nommé Namdapha flying squirrel par les anglophones.

Le nom scientifique de cette espèce commémore l'ornithologue indien Biswamoy Biswas (1923-1994).

Description

Menaces

C'est une espèce en danger critique d'extinction à cause de la destruction de son habitat. De plus elle est chassée pour sa viande, et/ou sa peau/fourrure.

Référence

Saha : A new genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia : Sciuridae) from northeastern India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 4-3 pp 331-336.

Voir aussi

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi: Brief Summary ( French )

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi est une espèce d'écureuil volant de la famille des Sciuridae et du genre Biswamoyopterus endémique d'Inde. Elle est en danger critique de disparition. Il est nommé Namdapha flying squirrel par les anglophones.

Le nom scientifique de cette espèce commémore l'ornithologue indien Biswamoy Biswas (1923-1994).

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi ( Italian )

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Lo scoiattolo volante di Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi Saha, 1981) è un rarissimo scoiattolo volante endemico dell'India. Era ritenuto l'unica specie del genere Biswamoyopterus, fino alla descrizione, nel 2013, dello scoiattolo volante gigante del Laos (Biswamoyopterus laoensis).[3]

Descrizione

Il corpo dello scoiattolo volante di Namdapha misura 40,5 cm di lunghezza e la coda è lunga 60–5 cm. Le regioni superiori sono generalmente di colore rossastro brizzolato di bianco, con mani e piedi più scuri e regioni inferiori bianche. La coda è multicolore: di colore grigio fumo chiaro alla base, diviene prima rosso vino, poi rossiccio, e infine, all'estremità, marrone. La coda è cilindrica, e una distinta membrana interfemorale unisce la regione basale della coda con le zampe posteriori. Presenta ciuffi di peli lunghi alla base di ogni padiglione auricolare, uno sul margine posteriore e l'altro sulla parte dorsale. Tra le caratteristiche del cranio ricordiamo grandi orbite, bolle timpaniche molto grandi, palato relativamente breve e una depressione frontale profondamente frastagliata[4][5].

Lo scoiattolo volante di Namdapha somiglia esternamente alle specie del genere Petaurista e condivide alcune caratteristiche con i generi Aeretes e Aeromys, ma tutti e tre questi generi sono privi di ciuffetti auricolari[4][5]. Belomys e Trogopterus hanno ciuffetti auricolari, ma non hanno la coda cilindrica e nessuna membrana interfemorale[4][5]. Secondo la descrizione originaria, uno dei caratteri distintivi di Biswamoyopterus sono i denti incisivi non pigmentati di rosso, a differenza di quelli degli altri scoiattoli volanti; sempre diversamente da questi ultimi, in particolare da Petaurista, ma anche da Belomys e Trogopterus, non ha lo smalto dei denti guanciali rugoso[4][5]. I denti molariformi, di forma piuttosto semplice, ricordano quelli di Hylopetes e di Aeromys, ma si differenziano per il fatto di avere il quarto premolare superiore più grande del primo molare superiore[4][5]. I denti guanciali, tuttavia, non differiscono molto da quelli di Petaurista, ma rispetto a quest'ultimo genere Biswamoyopterus presenta setti multipli nelle bolle timpaniche, in numero di 10-12, i quali danno a esse un aspetto alveariforme; la stessa condizione si riscontra in Trogopterus e Petinomys, ma in nessuna specie di Petaurista[4][5].

Distribuzione e habitat

Questo scoiattolo volante vive solamente nella regione di Namdapha, dalla quale prende il nome, un'area di 1985 km² situata nel distretto di Tirap, nell'Arunachal Pradesh (India nord-orientale).

Biologia

Tutto ciò che sappiamo sullo scoiattolo volante di Namdapha lo dobbiamo ad un unico esemplare, un maschio catturato alle 20:15 del 27 aprile 1981; esso venne abbattuto su un albero molto alto, a circa 350 m di quota[4][5].

Conservazione

Noto solo a partire da un unico esemplare, lo scoiattolo volante di Namdapha viene inserito dalla IUCN tra le specie in pericolo critico. Infatti si ritiene che esso occupi un'area di foresta molto limitata, minacciata dalla deforestazione, e che non superi le 250 unità.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Biswamoyopterus biswasi, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  2. ^ (EN) Molur, S. 2008, Biswamoyopterus biswasi, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  3. ^ (EN) Sanamxay, D., Douangboubpha, B., Bumrungsri, S., Xayavong, S., Xayaphet, V., Satasook, C. & Bates, P. J. J., Rediscovery of Biswamoyopterus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in Asia, with the description of a new species from Lao PDR, in Zootaxa, vol. 3686, n. 4, 2013, pp. 471-481.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g S. S. Saha, A new Genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) from northeastern India, in Bull. Zool. surv. India, vol. 4, n. 3, 1981, pp. 331–336.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g S. S. Saha, Arunachal Pradesh: A Proposed Biosphere Reserve, in Mammalia Rec. Zool. surv. India (Special Issue on Fauna of Namdapha, vol. 82, n. 1-4, 1985, pp. 321–330.

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Lo scoiattolo volante di Namdapha (Biswamoyopterus biswasi Saha, 1981) è un rarissimo scoiattolo volante endemico dell'India. Era ritenuto l'unica specie del genere Biswamoyopterus, fino alla descrizione, nel 2013, dello scoiattolo volante gigante del Laos (Biswamoyopterus laoensis).

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Namdaphaglijvlieger ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De namdaphaglijvlieger (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de eekhoorns (Sciuridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Saha in 1981.

Voorkomen

De soort komt voor in India.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Namdaphaglijvlieger: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De namdaphaglijvlieger (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de eekhoorns (Sciuridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Saha in 1981.

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Nocowiórek latający ( Polish )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Nocowiórek latający[2] (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) – gatunek ssaka z rodziny wiewiórkowatych (Sciuridae). Gatunek znany jest wyłącznie z typowej lokalizacji na zachodnich zboczach gór Patkaj położonych na pograniczu Indii[3]. Jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju nocowiórek (Biswamoyopterus)[2][3]. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych Międzynarodowej Unii Ochrony Przyrody określa nocowiórka latającego jako gatunek krytycznie zagrożony wyginięciem (critically endangered – CR)[3].

Przypisy

  1. Biswamoyopterus biswasi, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b Włodzimierz Cichocki, Agnieszka Ważna, Jan Cichocki, Ewa Rajska, Artur Jasiński, Wiesław Bogdanowicz: Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2015, s. 297. ISBN 978-83-88147-15-9.
  3. a b c Wilson Don E. & Reeder DeeAnn M. (red.) Biswamoyopterus biswasi. w: Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Wyd. 3.) [on-line]. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. (ang.) [dostęp 2015-11-30]
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Nocowiórek latający: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Nocowiórek latający (Biswamoyopterus biswasi) – gatunek ssaka z rodziny wiewiórkowatych (Sciuridae). Gatunek znany jest wyłącznie z typowej lokalizacji na zachodnich zboczach gór Patkaj położonych na pograniczu Indii. Jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju nocowiórek (Biswamoyopterus). Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych Międzynarodowej Unii Ochrony Przyrody określa nocowiórka latającego jako gatunek krytycznie zagrożony wyginięciem (critically endangered – CR).

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi ( Portuguese )

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O Biswamoyopterus biswasi é a única espécie do genêro Biswamoyopterus, é um esquilo-voador noturno e é endêmico da Índia, e está listado como uma espécie criticamente ameaçada devido à perda de habitat.[1] O Biswamoyopterus biswasi, está em extinção porque está perdendo seu habitat e é presa de outros animais. O Biswamoyopterus biswasi é encontrado principalmente na Índia (mais especificamente no extremo nordeste) em altitudes entre 100–350 m. O Biswamoyopterus biswasi é geralmente encontrado em florestas secas e escuras com árvores altas. O esquilo gosta de árvores altas, pois está a salvo de seus predadores em cima das árvores. Esta espécie parece ser muito rara e tem uma população muito pequena. Os estudos feitos em 1981 e 2002 mostraram que a população está diminuindo.

  • Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês, cujo título é «Namdapha flying squirrel», especificamente .

Referências

  1. «Namdapha Flying Squirrel». Red List. Iucn. Consultado em 23 de agosto de 2020
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Biswamoyopterus biswasi: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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O Biswamoyopterus biswasi é a única espécie do genêro Biswamoyopterus, é um esquilo-voador noturno e é endêmico da Índia, e está listado como uma espécie criticamente ameaçada devido à perda de habitat. O Biswamoyopterus biswasi, está em extinção porque está perdendo seu habitat e é presa de outros animais. O Biswamoyopterus biswasi é encontrado principalmente na Índia (mais especificamente no extremo nordeste) em altitudes entre 100–350 m. O Biswamoyopterus biswasi é geralmente encontrado em florestas secas e escuras com árvores altas. O esquilo gosta de árvores altas, pois está a salvo de seus predadores em cima das árvores. Esta espécie parece ser muito rara e tem uma população muito pequena. Os estudos feitos em 1981 e 2002 mostraram que a população está diminuindo.

Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês, cujo título é «Namdapha flying squirrel», especificamente .
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Biswamoyopterus biswasi ( Swedish )

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi är en gnagare i släktgruppen flygekorrar som förekommer i östra Indien. Den är inte bara den sällsyntaste ekorren utan även ett av de sällsyntaste däggdjuren över huvud taget. Arten är bara känd från en enda individ som hittades 1981 i delstaten Arunachal Pradesh och som beskrevs av den indiska biologen Sekhar Saha. Djuret vistades i en skog med träd av arten Mesua ferrea.

Nämnda individ hade en kroppslängd av 40 centimeter samt en svanslängd av 60 centimeter. Pälsen var på ovansidan rödbrun och på undersidan vitaktig. Den liknade jätteflygekorrar i utseende men hade tofsar på öronen. Undersökningen av djurets tanduppsättning visade stora skillnader till andra flygekorrar. I motsats till övriga flygekorrar har arten inga rödaktiga framtänder. Även formen av artens tandemalj och storleken av kindtänderna var avvikande.

IUCN listar arten som akut hotad (Critically Endangered) och det antas att populationen inte överstiger 250 individer. Trots att regionen är välbesökt har hittills inga fler individer hittats.[1]

2013 beskrevs en ny art i samma släkte som förekommer i Laos, Biswamoyopterus laoensis.[2]

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från tyskspråkiga Wikipedia, 7 mars 2010. med följande källa:
  • Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999 ISBN 0801857899

Noter

  1. ^ [a b] Biswamoyopterus biswasiIUCN:s rödlista, auktor: Molur, S. 2008, besökt 27 maj 2010.
  2. ^ Daosavanh Sanamxay, Bounsavane Douangboubpha, Sara Bumrungsri, Sysouphanh Xayavong, Vilakhan Xayaphet, Chutamas Satasook, Paul J. J. Bates: Rediscovery of Biswamoyopterus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in Asia, with the description of a new species from Lao PDR. In: Zootaxa. Bd. 3686, Nr. 4, 15 Juli 2013, S. 471–481, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.5.
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Biswamoyopterus biswasi: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Biswamoyopterus biswasi är en gnagare i släktgruppen flygekorrar som förekommer i östra Indien. Den är inte bara den sällsyntaste ekorren utan även ett av de sällsyntaste däggdjuren över huvud taget. Arten är bara känd från en enda individ som hittades 1981 i delstaten Arunachal Pradesh och som beskrevs av den indiska biologen Sekhar Saha. Djuret vistades i en skog med träd av arten Mesua ferrea.

Nämnda individ hade en kroppslängd av 40 centimeter samt en svanslängd av 60 centimeter. Pälsen var på ovansidan rödbrun och på undersidan vitaktig. Den liknade jätteflygekorrar i utseende men hade tofsar på öronen. Undersökningen av djurets tanduppsättning visade stora skillnader till andra flygekorrar. I motsats till övriga flygekorrar har arten inga rödaktiga framtänder. Även formen av artens tandemalj och storleken av kindtänderna var avvikande.

IUCN listar arten som akut hotad (Critically Endangered) och det antas att populationen inte överstiger 250 individer. Trots att regionen är välbesökt har hittills inga fler individer hittats.

2013 beskrevs en ny art i samma släkte som förekommer i Laos, Biswamoyopterus laoensis.

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Sóc bay Namdapha ( Vietnamese )

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Sóc bay Namdapha, tên khoa học Biswamoyopterus biswasi, là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Sóc, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Saha mô tả năm 1981.

Chú thích

  1. ^ Molur, S. (2008). Biswamoyopterus biswasi. 2008 Sách đỏ IUCN. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế 2008. Truy cập ngày 6 tháng 1 năm 2009.
  2. ^ Reference for taxonomic information from Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.) (2005). Mammal Species of the World - A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (ấn bản 3).

Tham khảo

 src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Sóc bay Namdapha


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến Họ Sóc này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Sóc bay Namdapha: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Sóc bay Namdapha, tên khoa học Biswamoyopterus biswasi, là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Sóc, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Saha mô tả năm 1981.

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比氏鼯鼠 ( Chinese )

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二名法 Biswamoyopterus biswasi
(Saha, 1981)

比氏鼯鼠(學名:Biswamoyopterus biswasi、英語名:Namdapha Flying Squirrel)是一種飛鼠,也是比氏鼯鼠屬Biswamoyopterus)中的唯一物種。此物種原生於印度,首次標本收集於1981年4月27日,目前的保育狀況處於極危(CR)狀態。

參考文獻

  • Biswamoyopterus biswasi. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2000. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is critically endangered and the criteria used
  • Saha, S. S. 1981 A new Genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) from northeastern India. Bull. Zool. surv. India 4: (3): 331-336
  • Saha, S. S. 1985 Mammalia Rec. Zool.surv. India (Special Issue on Fauna of Namdapha: Arunachal Pradesh: A Proposed Biosphere Reserve) 82: (1-4): 321-330
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比氏鼯鼠: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

比氏鼯鼠(學名:Biswamoyopterus biswasi、英語名:Namdapha Flying Squirrel)是一種飛鼠,也是比氏鼯鼠屬(Biswamoyopterus)中的唯一物種。此物種原生於印度,首次標本收集於1981年4月27日,目前的保育狀況處於極危(CR)狀態。

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남다파날다람쥐 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

남다파날다람쥐(Biswamoyopterus biswasi)는 다람쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다.[3] 수상성, 야행성 날다람쥐로 인도 북동부 지역의 토착종이다. 1981년 남다파 국립공원에서 수집된 단일 표본으로 처음 알려졌다.[1] 2013년 라오큰날다람쥐가 기재되기 전에는 남다파날다람쥐속의 유일종이었다.[4] 개체수 추정치가 알려져 있지 않지만,알려진 서식지는 키 큰 철력목 정글이고 인도 북동부 지역의 나 디힝 강(특히, 파트카이 분포 지역 서부 경사면) 유역의 구릉 지대 경사면에서도 발견된다.[5][6]

각주

  1. “Biswamoyopterus biswasi”. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2008판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2008. 2009년 1월 6일에 확인함.
  2. Reference for taxonomic information from Don E. Wilson; DeeAnn M. Reeder, 편집. (2005). 《Mammal Species of the World - A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 3판.
  3. Thorington, R.W., Jr.; Hoffman, R.S. (2005). 〈Family Sciuridae〉 [다람쥐과]. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 754–818쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  4. Sanamxay, Daosavanh; Douangboubpha, Bounsavane; Bumrungsri, Sara; Xayavong, Sysouphanh; Xayaphet, Vilakhan; Satasook, Chutamas; Bates, Paul J.J. (2013). “Rediscovery of Biswamoyopterus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in Asia, with the description of a new species from Lao PDR”. 《Zootaxa》 (Magnolia Press) 3686 (4): 471–481. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.5. ISSN 1175-5334.
  5. Saha, S. S. (1981). “A new Genus and a new species of flying squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae) from northeastern India”. 《Bull. Zool. Surv. India》 4 (3): 331–336.
  6. Saha, S. S. (1985). “Arunachal Pradesh: A Proposed Biosphere Reserve”. 《Mammalia Rec. Zool. surv. India (Special Issue on Fauna of Namdapha》 82 (1–4): 321–330.
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