Carex schiedeana Kunze

Carex stellata Mackenzie, sp. nov
Densely cespitose, from short, stout, woody rootstocks, the new shoots at the base of the old, the culms 1.5-3.5 dm. high, slender, stifl, erect, sharply triangular, roughened above, stellate-puberulent, not pubescent, shorter or longer than the leaves, dark-brownish-tinged and fibrillose at base, phyllopodic, the dried-up leaves of the previous year conspicuous; leaves of the year with well-developed blades 3-6 to a fertile culm, clustered on lower fourth, the blades spreading or curving, duU-green, thickish, firm, glabrous, strongly puncticulate, 1-3 dm. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. wide, channeled above, the margins revolute, long-attenuate and roughened towards apex, the sheaths not pubescent, rounded dorsally, hyaline ventrally, the ligule very short, much wider than long; spikes 3-6, androgynous, not in pairs, simple or the terminal slightly compound, erect, the lower more or less strongly remote and short-peduncled, the upper approximate, the lateral sessile, 6-20 mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, the staminate part usually few-flowered, 3-10 mm. long, the pistillate part closely flowered, the perigynia 5-12, appressed-ascending in few to several rows; bracts sheathless, leaflet-like, the lower 1-3 exceeding the culm; pistillate scales ovate, narrower above and longer or shorter than the perigynia, short-awned to acute, rough-keeled, white with strongly 3-ribbed green center; staminate scales similar; perigynia oval-obovoid, sharply triangular in cross-section, 3 mm. long, 1.25-1.5 mm. wide, membranaceous, green, conspicuously many-white-ribbed and whitestellate, short-hispid, broadly substipitate, tapering at base, rather abruptly beaked, the beak 0.5 mm. long, somewhat flattened, hyaline, emarginate; achenes triangular with strongly concave sides, closely enveloped and filling perigynium-body, oval-obovoid, 2.5 mm. long, less than 1.5 mm. wide, yellowish, substipitate, short-apiculate, jointed with the very short slender style; stigmas three, slender, reddish-brown, rather short.
Cespitosa e rhizomatibus brevibus lignosis; culmi 1.5-3.5 dm. alti acute triangulares stellato-puberuli; folia in quoque culmo fertili 3-6, crassiuscula glabra valde puncticulata revoluta ad apicem asperata, ligula brevissima; spicae 3-6 androgynae erectae, parte mascula pauciflora 3-10 mm. longa, femina densiflora; squamae ovatae perigynia subaequantes; perigynia ovato-obovoidea 3 mm. longa viridia, valde albo-costata et albo-stellata, ahrupte brevirostrata emarginata.
Type locality: Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, Mexico (Rose, Painter &-' Rose 9019, in 1905, sheet 452499 in U. S. National Herbarium.)
Distribution: Dry soil, mountains of middle Mexico. (.Specimens examined from Hidalgo, Puebla.)

Carex schiedeana Kunze, Suppl. Riedgr. 119. pi. 30. 1842
Densely cespitose, from thick matted rootstocks, not stoloniferous, the culms 1.5-5 dm. high, phyllopodic, sharply triangular, roughened above, slender, strict, at length exceeding the leaves, brownish-black and prominently fibrillose at base, the dried-up leaves conspicuous; leaves with well-developed blades 6-10 to a fertile culm, mostly clustered near the base, the blades usually 1-2 dm. long, 1.5-3 mm. wide, flat or channeled at the base, the margins little or not at all revolute, light-green, not glaucous, thick, stiff, long-attenuate, strict, papillate above, the sheaths tight, hyaline ventrally, deeply concave and somewhat yellowish-browntinged and but little prolonged upward beyond base of blade at mouth, the ligule very short; spikes 4-7, androgynous, forming a head 1.5-3 cm. long, the lower 1-3 more or less strongly separate and distinct, the upper closely aggregated, erect or erect-spreading, sessile or very nearly so, ovoid or suborbicular, 5-10 mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, bearing 5-10 appressedascending perigynia below in few rows and about as many much less conspicuous staminate flowers above; cladoprophyllum prominent, perigynium-like; bracts leaflet-like, sheathless, strongly exceeding inflorescence; pistillate scales ovate, acute to cuspidate, white with prominent 3-nerved green center and white-hyaline margin, often brownish-tinged, as wide as perigynia at base, and from somewhat shorter to nearly equaling them in length; staminate scales similar, obovate, more obtuse; perigynia obovoid, sharply triangular, 3-3.5 mm. long, 1.75 mm. wide, membranaceous, not at all inflated, green, strongly many-ribbed, with the two lateral ribs more prominent, strongly white-hispid-hirsute, truncately substipitate, tapering at base, abruptly contracted into a slender beak 0.5 mm. long, obliquely cut, bidentate, the orifice white; achenes ovoid, very closely enveloped, triangular with concave sides, granular, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, nearly sessile, tapering at base, tapering and truncately minutely apiculate, jointed with the very short style which is thickened at base; stigmas three, slender, rather long, reddish-brown. Type locality: Mexico (Schiede 75).
Distribution: Southern Mexico. (Specimens examined from Coahuila, Jalisco, Piiebla.)

Carex perstricta Mackenzie, Bull. Torrey Club 36: 479. 1909
Densely cespitose, from thick matted rootstocks, not stoloniferous, the culms 2.5-5 dm. high, phyllopodic, sharply triangular, somewhat roughened above, slender, strict, much exceeding the leaves, dark-brown and prominently fibrillose at base; leaves with well-developed blades 6-10 to a fertile culm, mostly clustered near the base, the blades usually 1-2 dm. long, 1.5 mm. wide or less, with ver>' strongly revolute margins, glaucous-green, very long-attenuate, strict, strongly vesicular-roughened above, the sheaths tight, hyaline ventrally, concave and somewhat yellowish-brown-tinged and short-prolonged upward beyond base of blade at mouth, the ligule ver short; spikes 5-7, androgynous, forming a head 2.5-5 cm. long, the upper closely aggregated, the lower 2 or 3 more or less strongly separate and distinct, the lowermost rarely somewhat compound, strictly erect, short-peduncled or sessile, linear-oblong, 5-12 mm. long, 2.5-3.5 mm. vride, bearing 5-12 appressed-ascending perigynia below in few rows and about as many much less conspicuous staminate flowers above; cladoprophyllum prominent, perigynium-like; bracts leaflet-like, sheathless, strongly exceeding inflorescence; pistillate scales ovate, short-cuspidate, acute or obtuse, white with white-hyaline margin and 3-nerved green center, two thirds the length of the perigynia; staminate scales similar, obovate, slightly reddish-brown-tinged; perig>'nia oblong-obovoid, sharply triangular, 2.5 mm. long, 1-1.25 mm. wide, membranaceous, not at all inflated, light-green, obscurely nerved, except for the two prominent lateral ribs, strongly white-scabrous, truncately substipitate, tapering at base, abruptly contracted into a slender beak 0.5 mm. long, the orifice white, bidentate; achenes oblong-obovoid, ver>' closely enveloped, triangular with concave sides, granular, 2 mm. long, about ! mm. wide, nearly sessile, tapering at base, tapering and truncately minutely apiculate, jointed with the very short style which is thickened at base; stigmas three, slender, rather short, reddish-brown.
TvpE locality: Mountains near Monterey, Nuevo Le6n (Pringle 2630, June 5, 1889). Distribution: Shaded hillsides, Nuevo Le6n and San Luis Potosl. (Specimens examined from Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi.)