Comments
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The flowers of Hedychium coronarium are very fragrant. Naturalized populations have been reported several times from southern Louisiana, but the specimens I have seen are sterile and cannot be identified with certainty. There is also an old report from near Brunswick, Georgia (J. K. Small 1933, unpublished ms.), but I have seen no specimens from the state.
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Comments
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Cultivated as an ornamental and for medicine and aromatic oil.
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Description
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Leaf blades oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 28--48 ´ 4--7 cm. Inflorescences erect, 15--19 ´ 12--17 cm; bracts of main axis green; proximal bracts ovate, concave, 4--5.5 ´ 2--4.5 cm, apex obtuse or apiculate; distal bracts lance-oblong or ovate, 4--6 ´ 1--2.5 cm, apex rounded or apiculate. Flowers: perianth and staminodes white.
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Description
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Pseudostems 1--3 m. Leaves sessile; ligule 2--3 cm, membranous; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 20--40 × 4.5--8 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially finely pubescent or thinly hairy, base acute, apex long acuminate. Spikes ellipsoid, 10--20 × 4--8 cm; bracts imbricate, ovate, 4.5--5 × 2.5--4 cm, 2- or 3-flowered. Flowers white, fragrant. Calyx ca. 4 cm, split on 1 side. Corolla tube ca. 8 cm, slender; lobes lanceolate, ca. 5 cm, central one spatulate, apex mucronate. Lateral staminodes oblong-lanceolate, ca. 5 cm. Labellum white, pale yellow at base, obcordate, 4--6 × 4--6 cm, apex 2-cleft. Filament ca. 3 cm; anther ca. 1.5 cm. Ovary sericeous. Fl. Aug--Dec. 2 n = 34.
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Distribution
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Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim), India, Ceylon, Burma, Malay Islands.
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Distribution
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introduced; Fla.; Mexico; West Indies; Central America; South America; Australia; native, Asia; Australia.
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Elevation Range
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1000-1900 m
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Flowering summer--fall (Jun--Oct).
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Habitat
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Swamps, shores of lakes and streams; 0--50m.
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Habitat & Distribution
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Forests, also cultivated. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
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Synonym
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Hedychium coronarium var. baimao Z. Y. Zhu.
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Hedychium coronarium
provided by wikipedia EN
Hedychium coronarium, the white garland-lily[2] or white ginger lily,[3] is a perennial flowering plant in the ginger family Zingiberaceae, native to the forest understorey of Asia.
Other common names include butterfly lily, fragrant garland flower, Indian garland flower, white butterfly ginger lily or white ginger.[4]
Description
It is an upright perennial which may reach 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft) in height. It has long pointed leaves, with heavily-scented white flowers with yellow bases.[4] In its native environment flowering occurs between August and December.[5]
It is typically found growing in the forests.[6]
Distribution and habitat
It is native to the Eastern Himalayas of India (Sikkim and Tripura), Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan, through northernmost Myanmar and Thailand, southern China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi and Guangdong) to Taiwan in the East.[6][3]
Cultivation
It is cultivated in warm temperate and subtropical regions of the world as an ornamental. In China it is cultivated for use in medicine and production of aromatic oil, due to the strong characteristic fragrance of the flowers, said to be reminiscent of jasmine.[6][7]
Hardiness
It is evergreen in warmer climates, but deciduous in mild winter temperate regions of North America and Europe.[7] In the UK it is rated by the Royal Horticultural Society as hardy down to −5 °C (23 °F) in mild or coastal areas (H3).[8]
Cuba
Hedychium coronarium is the national flower of Cuba, where it is known as mariposa (literally "butterfly") due to its shape. Women used to adorn themselves with these fragrant flowers in Spanish colonial times; because of the intricate structure of the inflorescence, women hid and carried secret messages important to the independence cause under it.[9] The plant has become naturalized in the cool rainy mountains in Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rio Province in the west, the Escambray Mountains in the center of the island, and in the Sierra Maestra in the very east of it.
Invasive species
Beyond its native range H. coronarium may be invasive in shallow water systems, along streams and in waterlogged areas. Once established, it is difficult to control due to vegetative reproduction through the underground spread of rhizomes.[7] It was introduced in Brazil in the era of slavery, said to have been brought to the country by African slaves who used its leaves as mattresses, and is now considered naturalised in the states of Rio de Janeiro (where it is classed as invasive), Bahia and Espirito Santo.[7][10] This species was first introduced as an ornamental to Hawaii around 1888 by Chinese immigrants, and is now considered a serious invader in mesic to wet areas of Maui and Hawaii island.[11] Additionally, it is invasive in South Africa, where it is a declared weed, and propagation of plant material is considered prohibited.[12] It is also invasive in New Caledonia.[13]
Gallery
Botanical illustration (Curtis)
See also
References
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Hedychium coronarium: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Hedychium coronarium, the white garland-lily or white ginger lily, is a perennial flowering plant in the ginger family Zingiberaceae, native to the forest understorey of Asia.
Other common names include butterfly lily, fragrant garland flower, Indian garland flower, white butterfly ginger lily or white ginger.
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