Cypress Rosette Grass

Panicum caerulescens Hack.; Hitchc. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb
12: 219. 1909.
Vernal phase similar to that of P. roanokense; culms more slender, rarely more than 75 cm. high; blades ascending or spreading, commonly purplish beneath, 5-8 cm. long, 4—7 mm. wide, the margins nearly parallel for two thirds their length; panicles usually short-exserted, 3-7 cm. long, half as wide or less, the branches narrowly ascending; spikelets 1.5-1.6 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, obovoid, blunt, very turgid, glabrous; first glume about one third the length of the spikelets ; second glume and sterile lemma subequal, the glume scarcely as long as the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.4 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, ellipsoid.
Autumnal phase erect or leaning, sometimes decumbent at base, producing short, densely fascicled branches at the middle and upper nodes, these tufts scarcely as long as the primary internodes, the reduced blades ascending, more or less involute, the reduced panicles with a few long-pediceled spikelets.
Type locality : Miami, Florida.
Distribution: New Jersey to Florida, and west to southern Mississippi; Bahamas; Cuba.

Panicum barbulatum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 49. 1803
Panicum dichotomum barbulatum Wood, Class-Book ed. 1861. 786. 1861. Panicum pubescens barbulatum Britton, Cat. PL N. J. 280. 1890. Panicum nitidum barbulatum Chapm. Fl. S. U. S. ed. 3. 586. 1897. Panicum gravius Hitchc & Chase; Hitchc. Rhodora 8: 205. 1906.
Vernal phase in large tufts; culms slender, 50-80 cm. high, erect, or spreading at the summit; lower nodes usually bearded; leaf-sheaths glabrous except a puberulent ring at the summit, the lower usually softly pubescent; blades spreading, 6-10 cm. long, 6-10 mm. wide (the lower shorter), acuminate, rounded at the base, glabrous, the lower rarely puberulent; panicles longexserted, 6-11 cm. long, as wide or wider, the slender, flexuous branches fascicled, the lower spreading or drooping at maturity, spikelet-bearing at the ends; spikelets oval, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, glabrous; first glume one fourth to one third as long as the spikelet, acute; second glume and sterile lemma equal, covering the fruit at maturity; fruit elliptic, 1.8 mm. long, 1
mm. wide, obscurely apiculate.
Autumnal phase diffusely branched, forming very large, topheavy reclining bunches, the slender branchlets recurved, the numerous flat blades horizontally spreading.
Type locality: Carolina.
Distribution: Massachusetts to Michigan, and south to Georgia and eastern Texas.

Panicum lucidum Ashe, Jour. Elisha Mitchell Soc. ,15: 47
1898.
? Panicum dichotomum gracile Torr. Fl. U. S. 145. 1824.
Panicum taxodiorum Ashe, Jour, Elisha Mitchell Soc. 16: 91. 1900.
Vernal phase at first erect and resembling that of P. dichotomum, but the weak culms soon becoming decumbent, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes; leaf -sheaths glabrous, usually ciliate on the margin; blades thin, bright-green, shining, glabrous, at first erect, but soon widely spreading, 4-7 cm. long, 4—6 mm. wide; panicles resembling those of P. dichotomum but fewer-flowered; spikelets 2-2.1 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, elliptic, glabrous (rarely obscurely pubescent); first glume about two fifths the length of the spikelet, pointed; second glume and sterile lemma more strongly nerved than in P. dichotomum, both shorter than the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.7 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, slightly pointed.
Autumnal phase repeatedly branching, forming large clumps or mats of slender, weak, vine-like culms, the branches elongate and diverging at a wide angle, not fascicled, the blades 2-4 cm. long, waxy, flat and spreading; panicles much reduced, with few long-pediceled spikelets; basal blades linear-oblong, as much as 10 cm. long.
Type locality: Lake Mattamuskeet, North Carolina. Distribution: New York to Florida, and west to eastern Texas.

Panicum annulum Ashe, Jour. Elisha Mitchell Soc. 15: 58
1898.
Panicum Bogueanum Ashe, Jour. Elisha Mitchell Soc. 16: 85. 1900.
Vernal phase usually purplish, in small clumps or solitary; culms 35-60 cm. high, the nodes densely bearded; leaf -sheaths shorter than the internodes, velvety-pubescent or the upper nearly glabrous; blades 6-12 cm. long, 7-13 mm. wide, densely velvety-pubescent on both surfaces, the margin ciliate toward the base; panicles 6-8 cm. long, about three fourths as wide, rather numerously flowered, the flexuous branches ascending or later spreading; spikelets 2 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, elliptic, blunt; first glume one fourth to one third the length of the spikelet, obtuse ; second glume and sterile lemma pubescent, the glume slightly shorter ; fruit 1.8-1.9 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, elliptic.
Autumnal phase erect, bearing in late summer a few short, erect branches at the upper nodes; soon dying to the ground.
Typ3 locality: Washington, District of Columbia.
Distribution: New Jersey to Missouri and Alabama.

Panicum yadkinense Ashe, Jour. EHsha Mitchell Soc. 16: 85
1900.
? Panicum dichotomum curvatum Torr. Fl. U. S. 145. 1824. ? Panicum Dumus Desv. Opusc. 88. 1831.
Panicum maculatum Ashe, Jour. EHsha Mitchell Soc. 15: 44. 1898. Not P. maculatum Aubl. 1775.
Vernal phase similar to that of P. dichotomum, but culms taller and stouter, sometimes 1 meter high; leaf -sheaths usually bearing pale, glandular spots; blades 9-13 cm. long, 8-11 mm. wide; panicles about 10-12 cm. long, about three fourths as wide, the long lower branches ascending; spikelets 2.3-2.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, elliptic to subfusiform, pointed, glabrous; first glume about one third the length of the spikelet, usually blunt ; second glume and sterile lemma rather faintly nerved, equal, exceeding the fruit and forming a slight point beyond it; fruit 1.9 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, elliptic, subobtuse.
Autumnal phase erect or leaning, loosely branching from the middle nodes, the blades
i
smaller but not conspicuously reduced.
Type locality: Raleigh, North Carolina.
Distribution: Pennsylvania to Illinois, and south to Georgia and Louisiana; southern Mexico,

Panicum tenue Muhl. Descr. Gram. 118. 1817
Panicum deustum Brickell & Enslen; Muhl. Descr. Gram. 1 19, as synonym. 1817. Not P. deustum Thunb. 1794.
Panicum liton Schultes, in R. & S. Syst. Veg. Mant. 2: 250. 1824.
Panicum unciphyllum Trin. Gram. Pan. 242. 1826.
Panicum macrum Kunth, Rev. Gram. 40. 1829.
Panicum parvulum Muhl.; Scribn. & Merr. Circ. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 27: 4, as synonym. 1900.
Not P. parvulum Trin. 1834.
Vernal phase olive-green; culms in rather small tufts, 20-55 cm. high, slender, erect from a more or less geniculate base, glabrous, or the lower intern odes sparsely appressed-pubescent, the nodes glabrous, appressed-pubescent, or appressed-pilose ; leaf -sheaths usually much shorter than the internodes, puberulent between the nerves to sparsely appressed-pilose, or the upper glabrous; ligule 0.3-0.5 mm. long, dense; blades distant, ascending or spreading, 2-5 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, rather thick and with a cartilaginous, often white, margin, involute-pointed, usually densely puberulent beneath, glabrous on the upper surface or puberulent toward the base; panicles long-exserted, 3-5 cm. long, about as wide, pyramidal, open, rather few-flowered, the flexuous branches spreading; spikelets 1.6-1.7 mm. long, elliptic, subobtuse, densely puberulent ; first glume one fifth as long as the spikelet or less, obtuse ; second glume shorter than the fruit and sterile lemma; fruit 1.4-1.5 mm. long, elliptic, subobtuse.
Autumnal culms erect or leaning, sparingly branching from the middle nodes, the branches in small fascicles, shorter than the primary internodes, the blades not much reduced; winter rosette conspicuous, the thick, cartilaginous-margined, involute-pointed blades 3-5 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, persistent (but usually dead) during the succeeding year.
Typ^ locality : Southeastern United States, the exact locality not known. Distribution: North Carolina and Florida.

Panicum sphagnicola Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 422. 1895
Vernal phase grayish olive-green, cespitose; culms slender, strongly flattened, erect or reclining, 50-100 cm. high; leaf-sheaths glabrous or the lowermost sparsely papillose-pilose, soon becoming divaricate and enveloping the internodes only at base; blades at first erect, later widely spreading, glabrous, 5-8 cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide; panicles narrow, 5-6 cm. long, the branches ascending or somewhat spreading, not spikelet-bearing at the base; spikelets 2.5 mm. long, 1.1 mm. wide, elliptic; first glume nearly half the length of the spikelet, subacute; second glume and sterile lemma strongly nerved, minutely pubescent toward the summit or glabrous, the glume shorter than the fruit; fruit 2 mm. long, 1—1.1 mm. wide, elliptic, subobtuse.
Autumnal phase decumbent or finally prostrate-spreading, divaricately branching from all the nodes, the branches slender and elongate, sometimes rooting at the nodes; sheaths divaricately spreading from the stem, usually nearly as long as the blades; blades flat, reduced in length but not much in width, mostly 1-2 cm. long, or on the ultimate branchlets only 5 mm. long and 1 mm. wide; panicles rather few, reduced to a few short-pediceled spikelets; basal blades 4—8 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, sometimes sparsely pilose at base.
Type locality: Lake City, Florida. Distribution: Georgia and Florida.

Panicum mattamuskeetense Ashe, Jour. Elisha Mitchell Soc
15: 45. 1898.
Panicum fiexuosum Muhl.; Scribn. & Merr, Circ. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 27: 3, as synonym. 1900. Not P. fiexuosum Retz. 1791.
Vernal phase in clumps of few to several culms, olivaceous, usually strongly tinged with deep purple; culms stout, erect or subgeniculate at base, the nodes bearded or the upper puberulent only ; leaf -sheaths less than half the length of the internodes, pilose on the margin, a puberulent ring at the summit, the auricles pilose, the lower sheaths velvety-pilose, the upper glabrous or velvety; ligule dense, 0.7 mm. long; blades horizontally spreading, 8-12 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide (basal blades much shorter), acuminate, narrowed toward the base, the lower velvety, the upper glabrous, on both surfaces; panicles long-exserted at maturity, 8-10 mm., rarely 12 mm. long, about three fourths as wide, many-flowered, the flexuous branches spreading, with short spikelet-bearing branchlets in the axils; spikelets 2.3-2.5 mm. long (rarely 2.7 mm. long), 1.1 mm. wide, elliptic, pointed before maturity, pubescent; first glume about one third the length of the spikelet, subacute; second glume and sterile lemma subequal, barely covering the fruit at maturity; fruit 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, elliptic.
Autumnal phase erect or becoming somewhat decumbent, branching rather sparingly from the middle nodes after the maturity of the primary panicles, the branches rather appressed,. the reduced crowded blades ascending.
Type locality: Lake Mattamuskeet, North Carolina.
Distribution: New York to North Carolina.

Panicum trifolium Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 580. 1899
Vernal phase similar to that of P. albomarginatum, but the culms in smaller tufts, taller, 20-50 cm. high, more slender, erect; leaves less conspicuously crowded at the base, not so stiff, and proportionately not so much longer than those of the mid-culm; sheaths much shorter than the elongate internodes; blades 3-5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, rather less thick and firm than those of P. albomarginatum, the uppermost blade not reduced; panicles usually shortexserted, 3-5 cm. long, about as wide, loosely flowered; spikelets as in P. albomarginatum but hardly as wide or as turgid, and the fruit rather less exposed at maturity. Autumnal phase erect or leaning, sparingly branching from the middle and upper nodes, the branches usually shorter than the primary internodes.
Type locality: Ocmulgee River Swamp, below Macon, Georgia. Distribution: North Carolina and Tennessee to Florida and Louisiana.

Panicum multirameum Scribn. Circ. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 19:
2. 1900.
Vernal culms erect or soon decumbent, 30-60 cm. high, the nodes villous-bearded ; leaf-sheaths strongly ciliate on the margin, especially at the summit, the upper glabrous, the lowermost more or less villous; blades rather thick, 3-6 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, glabrous, or rarely puberulent, somewhat ciliate around the base, obscurely white-margined; panicles ovoid, 3-6 cm. long, about three fourths as wide, the branches ascending; spikelets 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, elliptic, finely pubescent; first glume one third the length of the spikelet; second glume and sterile lemma equal and just covering the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.7 mm. long, 0.9 mm.
wide, rather abruptly subacute.
Autumnal phase decumbent, rooting at the lower nodes, flabellately branching before the maturity of the primary panicle, the branchlets in close, appressed clusters at the ends of the secondary branches; blades reduced, flat or somewhat rolled, appressed; panicles reduced to a few spreading branches or long-pediceled spikelets.
Type locality: Jalapa, Vera Cruz.
Distribution: Southern Mexico to Guatemala; Jamaica.

Panicum concinnius Hitchc. & Chase, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb
15: 263. 1910.
Panicum gracilicaule Nash, in Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 98. 1903. Not P. gracilicaule Rendle, 1899.
Vernal phase bright-green; culms tufted, very slender, erect, glabrous, 12-50 cm. high; nodes minutely puberulent; leaf -sheaths, except the lower, much shorter than the internodes and less than half as long as the blades, puberulent on the margin, otherwise glabrous; ligule about 0.5 mm. long; blades 5-7 cm. long, 5-6 mm. wide, erect or spreading, the margins nearly parallel for most of their length, rounded at base, glabrous or obscurely puberulent beneath, rather strongly nerved, faintly white-margined; panicles finally long-exserted, rather fewflowered, 3-6 cm. long, about two thirds as wide, the branches ascending; spikelets 1.1 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide, obovate, obtuse, pubescent; first glume about one fifth the length of the spikelet; second glume and sterile lemma slightly shorter than the fruit at maturity; fruit 1 mm.
long, elliptic, acute.
Autumnal phase radiate-spreading, late in the season bearing a few branches with somewhat reduced blades and small exserted panicles; winter rosette appearing early, the numerous, rather firm blades bluish-green, about the size of those of the vernal culms.
Type locality: Sand Mountain, Jackson County, Alabama. Distribution: Georgia and Alabama.

Panicum dichotomum L. Sp. PI. 58. 1753
Panicum an gusti folium I>Conte; Torr. Cat. PI. N. Y. 91. 1819. Not P. angustifolium Ell. 1816.
Panicum Iremulum Spreng. Neue Entdeck. 2: 103. 1821.
Panicum dichotomum viride Vasey, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Bot. 8: 30. 1889.
Panicum dichotomum divaricatum Vasey, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Bot. 8: 30. 1889.
Panicum nitidum -paucifiorum Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 9: 14. 1889.
Panicum nitidum viride Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 9: 14. 1889.
Panicum dichotomum commune Wats. & Coult. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 6. 633. 1890.
Panicum ramulosum viride Porter, Bull. Torrey Club 20: 194. 1893.
Chasea dichotoma Nieuwl. Am. Midi. Nat. 2: 64. 1911.
Vernal phase often purplish; culms 30-50 cm. high, erect, from a knotted crown, the nodes naked or the lower with a few spreading hairs; leaf-sheaths less than half the length of the internodes, sometimes ciliate on the margin, otherwise glabrous, or the lowermost rarely sparingly pubescent; blades spreading, 5-11 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, acuminate, slightly narrowed toward the base, glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes with a few long hairs on the margin at the base, the basal blades lanceolateovate, long-ciliate on the margin near the base; panicles long-exserted, 4—9 cm. long, the axis and spreading branches flexuous, spikelet-bearing toward the ends; spikelets 2 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, elliptic, glabrous or rarely pubescent; first glume one third length of spikelet, subacute; seocnd glume and sterile lemma rather faintly nerved, the glume shorter than the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.8 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, elliptic.
Autumnal culms much branched at the middle nodes, the lower portion usually erect and devoid of blades, thus giving the plants the appearance of diminutive trees as described by Gronovius and Linnaeus; blades much reduced and very numerous, often involute.
Type locality: Virginia.
Distribution: New Brunswick to Michigan, and south to Florida and eastern Texas.

Panicum nitidum I,am. Tab. Encyc. 1: 172*. 1791
Panicum nodijlorum Lam. Encyc. 4: 744. 1797.
Panicum dichotomum nitidum Wood, Class-Book ed. 1861. 786. 1861.
Panicum subbarbulatum Scribn. & Merr.; Scribn. Circ. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 29: 9. 1901.
Vernal phase cespitose; culms erect or somewhat spreading at base, rather stout, usually 30-60 cm. high, or sometimes as much as 1 meter high, the nodes bearded with reflexed hairs; leaf-sheaths glabrous, or the lower pubescent, ciliate on the margin, more or less mottled or glandular, especially the upper at anthesis; blades hrm, glabrous, sometimes sparsely ciliate at the base, 5-12 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, the lower ascending, the upper usually reflexed; panicles ovoid, 5-8 cm. long, nearly as wide, rather densely flowered, the axis and ascending branches viscid-spotted; spikelets elliptic, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; first glume less than one third the length of the spikelet, pointed ; second glume and sterile lemma subequal, the slightly shorter glume scarcely covering the fruit at maturity; fruit elliptic, 1.7 mm. long, 1 mm. wide,
subobtuse.
Autumnal phase erect or more or less reclining from the weight of the foliage, the branchlets and foliage forming large clusters from the nodes of the vernal culm; reduced blades numerous, 1-3 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, flat or soon becoming involute; panicles mostly reduced to a few long-pediceled spikelets.
Type locality: Carolina.
Distribution: Virginia to Florida, and west to eastern Texas; Bahamas; Cuba.

Panicum albomarginatum Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 40
1897.
Vernal plants usually grayish-green, often purplish; culms densely tufted, 15-40 cm. high (rarely taller), slender but firm, ascending or spreading, glabrous including the nodes; leaves crowded at the base, distant above; sheaths sometimes pubescent on the margin and at the summit, otherwise glabrous, or the lowermost sometimes obscurely pubescent; ligule 0.3 mm. long, dense; blades thick and firm, those of the midculm 4^6 cm. long, 4^6 mm. wide, rounded at the base, with a prominent white, finely serrulate, cartilaginous margin, ascending or spreading, glabrous, the crowded basal blades as much as 1 1 cm. long, and the uppermost blade usually much reduced ; panicles finally long-exserted, 3-6 cm. long, nearly as wide, rather densely flowered, the flexuous branches ascending or spreading; spikelets 1.4—1.5 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide, obovate-elliptic, subobtuse,turgid at maturity, densely puberulent; first glume one fifth to one fourth as long as the spikelet, obtuse or subacute; second glume and sterile lemma scarcely equaling the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.25 mm. long, 0.65 mm. wide, elliptic, subacute.
Autumnal phase spreading, the primary culms branching from the base and lower nodes, these early branches much longer than the primary internodes and repeatedly branching, forming bushy tufts, the ultimate branchlets and reduced blades appressed; winter blades stiffly erect or spreading, very smooth and firm.
Type locality: Eustis, Florida.
Distribution: Virginia to Florida and Louisiana; Cuba; Guatemala.

Panicum roanokense Ashe, Jour. EHsha Mitchell Soc. 15: 44
1898.
Panicum curtivaginum Ashe, Jour. EHsha Mitchell Soc. 16: 85. 1900.
Vernal phase cespitose, somewhat glaucous olive-green; culms erect or ascending, 50-100 cm. high; leaf -sheaths half as long as the internodes or less, glabrous, or the lowermost sometimes sparsely pubescent; blades at first stiffly erect, later ascending or spreading, 6-9 cm. long, 3-8 mm. wide, tapering to both ends, glabrous or with a few hairs around the base; panicles 4-8 cm. long, scarcely as wide, the branches spreading; spikelets 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, ellipsoid-obovoid, very turgid, glabrous; first glume about one third the length of the spikelet; second glume and sterile lemma strongly nerved, subequal, the glume rather conspicuously purpletinged at base, scarcely covering the fruit at maturity; fruit 1.6 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, ellipsoid.
Autumnal phase erect or decumbent, branching at the mid die andupper nodes, the branches numerous but not in tufts, the primary internodes elongating and becoming arched about the time the branches appear, the reduced blades more or less involute, not exceeding the 1.5-4 cm. long panicles; basal blades firm, erect, often as much as 5 or 6 cm. long.
Type locality: Roanoke Island, North Carolina.
Distribution: Virginia to Florida, and west to eastern Texas; Jamaica.

Panicum clutei Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 569. 1899
Vernal phase similar in color, size, and habit to that of P. mattamuskeetense, but more nearly glabrous, only the lowermost nodes, leaf-sheaths, and blades velvety, the puberulent ring at the summit of the sheath less dense or wanting ; panicles similar, on the average smaller ; spikelets 2.2-2.3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, indistinguishable from the smaller spikelets of P. mattamus* keetense; fruit the same size and shape.
Autumnal phase stiffly erect, branching from the lower and middle nodes before the maturity of the primary panicles, the earlier branches nearly equaling the primary culms, the later branches shorter, somewhat crowded, the reduced blades spreading.
Type locality: Southern New Jersey. Distribution: Massachusetts to North Carolina.

Perennials, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Rhizomes present, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding bas al leaves, Leaves mostly basal, below middle of stem, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath hairy at summit, throat, or collar, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades lanceolate, Leaf blades ovate, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Leaf blades more or less hairy, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence an open panicle, openly paniculate, branches spreading, Inflorescence a contracted panicle, narrowly paniculate, branches appressed or ascending, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets pedicellate, Spikelets dorsally compressed or terete, Inflorescence or spikelets partially hidden in leaf sheaths, subtended by spatheole, Spikelet l ess than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 1 fertile floret, Spikelets with 2 florets, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating below the glumes, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes distinctly unequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glumes 3 nerved, Glumes 4-7 nerved, Lemma similar in texture to glumes, Lemma coriaceous, firmer or thicker in texture than the glumes, Lemma becoming indurate, enclosing palea and caryopsis, Lemma 3 nerved, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma 8-15 nerved, Lemma glabrous, Lemma apex truncate, rounded, or obtuse, Lemma awnless, Lemma margins inrolled, tightly covering palea and caryopsis, Lemma straight, Palea present, well developed, Palea about equal to lemma, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis.