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Image of Picea schrenkiana subsp. tianschanica (Rupr.) Bykov
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Asian Spruce

Picea schrenkiana Fisch. & C. A. Mey.

Comments

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The timber is used for construction, aircraft, machines, poles, and wood pulp, and tannin is extracted from the bark. The species is also cultivated for afforestation and as an ornamental.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 27 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Description

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Trees to 60 m tall; trunk to 2 m d.b.h.; bark dull brown, thickly flaking; crown cylindric or narrowly pyramidal; branchlets pendulous, yellowish gray or yellow in 1st and 2nd years, finally dark gray, glabrous or pubescent; winter buds brownish yellow, conical-ovoid, slightly resinous, scales slightly opening at base of branchlets. Leaves spreading radially, directed forward, quadrangular-linear, straight or somewhat curved, broadly rhombic in cross section, 2-3.5 cm × ca. 1.5 mm, stomatal lines 5-8 along each surface adaxially, 4-6 along each surface abaxially, apex acute. Seed cones purple or green, maturing purplish or dull brown, ellipsoid-cylindric or cylindric, 6-11.3 × 2.5-3.5 cm. Seed scales triangular-obovate, 1.2-2 × (1-)1.3-1.8 cm, apex rounded. Seeds obliquely ovoid, 3-4 mm; wing obovate, 1.2-1.3 cm. Pollination May-Jun, seed maturity Sep-Oct.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 27 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Distribution

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Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan]
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 27 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Habitat

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Mountains, N-facing slopes, cool ravines; 1200-3500 m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 27 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Synonym

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Picea morinda Link subsp. tianschanica (Ruprecht) Berezin; P. obovata Ledebour var. schrenkiana (Fischer & C. A. Meyer) Carriere; P. schrenkiana subsp. tianschanica (Ruprecht) Bykov; P. schrenkiana var. tianschanica (Ruprecht) W. C. Cheng & S. H. Fu; P. tianschanica Ruprecht.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 27 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Picea schrenkiana

provided by wikipedia EN

Picea schrenkiana, Schrenk's spruce,[1] or Asian spruce,[1] is a spruce native to the Tian Shan mountains of Central Asia (in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) and also to western China (Xinjiang).[1] It grows at elevations of 1,200–3,500 m (3,900–11,500 ft),[3] usually in pure forests, sometimes mixed with the Tien Shan variety of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica var. semenovii). Its name was given in honour of Alexander von Schrenk (1816–1876).

Description

In Rogów Arboretum, Poland

Picea schrenkiana is a large evergreen tree growing to 40–50 metres (130–160 ft) tall (rarely to 60 m (200 ft)), with a trunk diameter of up to 1–2 m (3–7 ft). It has a narrow conical crown with level branches and sometimes pendulous branchlets. The shoots are pale buff-brown, and glabrous (hairless). The leaves are needle-like, 1.5–3.5 cm (0.6–1.4 in) long, rhombic in cross-section, dark green with inconspicuous stomatal lines.

The cones are cylindrical–conic, 6–12 cm (2.4–4.7 in)long and 2 cm (0.8 in) broad, purple when young, maturing dark brown and opening to 2.5–3.5 cm (1.0–1.4 in) broad 5–7 months after pollination; the scales are moderately stiff and smoothly rounded.

Subspecies

There are two subspecies:[2]

  • Picea schrenkiana subsp. schrenkiana. Eastern Tian Shan, in Kazakhstan and Xinjiang. Leaves longer, 2–3.5 cm (0.8–1.4 in) long.
  • Picea schrenkiana subsp. tianshanica (Rupr.) Bykov. Western Tian Shan, in Kyrgyzstan. Leaves shorter, 1.5–2.5 cm (0.6–1.0 in) long.

It is closely related to, and in many respects intermediate between the Morinda spruce (Picea smithiana) from further south in the Himalaya, and the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata) further north in Siberia.

Uses

Schrenk's spruce is an important tree in central Asia for timber and paper production, where few other large trees exist. Its slower growth compared to the Norway spruce (Picea abies) reduces its importance outside of its native range.

Cultivation

Picea schrenkiana is grown as an ornamental tree in large gardens and public parks in Europe.

References

  1. ^ a b c d Farjon, A. (2013). "Picea schrenkiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42336A2973645. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42336A2973645.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Picea schrenkiana". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  3. ^ "Picea schrenkiana". Flora of China. efloras.org. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
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Picea schrenkiana: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Picea schrenkiana, Schrenk's spruce, or Asian spruce, is a spruce native to the Tian Shan mountains of Central Asia (in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) and also to western China (Xinjiang). It grows at elevations of 1,200–3,500 m (3,900–11,500 ft), usually in pure forests, sometimes mixed with the Tien Shan variety of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica var. semenovii). Its name was given in honour of Alexander von Schrenk (1816–1876).

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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