dcsimg

Description

provided by AmphibiaWeb articles
Diagnosis: A large, robust black salamander, with moderately extensive digital webbing. Distinguished by the combination of coloring, adult size, degree of webbing, and teeth numbers (Hanken et al. 2005). Similar species: Bolitoglossa nigrescens occurs sympatrically with three other species of the same genus, B. cerroensis, B. pesrubra, and B. sooyorum. It can be distinguished from B. cerroensis by coloration (black venter in B. nigrescens vs. brownish-black mottled with yellow, orange, or cream in B. cerroensis), relatively larger hands and feet (vs. smaller hands and feet in B. cerroensis), more maxillary teeth (vs. fewer in B. cerroensis), and a relatively wider head (vs. narrower in B. cerroensis). It can generally be distinguished from B. pesrubra by coloration; solid black individuals can be distinguished by a more robust form in juvenile B. nigrescens (vs. a more gracile form, longer tail, and narrower body in juvenile B. pesrubra), and larger adult body size (vs. smaller adult size in B. pesrubra). It can be distinguished from B. sooyorum by coloration (solid black in B. nigrescens vs. copper to tan mottling on a rich brown background in B. sooyorum), fewer maxillary teeth (vs. more in B. sooyorum), shorter limbs (vs. longer in B. sooyorum), and narrower hands and feet (vs. broader in B. sooyorum) (Hanken et al. 2005).It can also be distinguished from B. magnifica by the greater number of maxillary and vomerine teeth (fewer in B. magnifica and a relatively more broad head (vs. a relatively narrower head in B. magnifica); from B. robusta by having a uniformly black tail (vs. a light-colored ring at the tail base for B. robusta), smaller size (vs. larger size in B. robusta), smaller limbs (vs. larger in B. robusta), greater number of maxillary and vomerine teeth (vs. fewer in B. robusta); from B. sombra by shorter limbs and a broader head (vs. longer limbs and a narrower head in B. sombra); from B. copia by less extensive webbing and black head and throat (vs. more extensive webbing and white pigment on the jaws, gular region, and throat in B. copia); from B. anthracina by shorter and stouter digits (vs. longer and narrower in B. anthracina), a broader head (vs. narrower in B. anthracina), and fewer maxillary teeth (vs. a greater number of maxillary teeth in B. anthracina) (Hanken et al. 2005). Description: The description is based on three adult specimens. Adult females measure 58.1-94.1 mm in standard length (SVL). TL is shorter than SVL, with a SVL/TL ratio of 1.25. This species has a broad head and truncated snout. Nostrils are small, with weakly developed nasolabial protuberances. Eyes are small but prominent, and extend just past the jaw margins in dorsal view. This salamander has an average of 2.7 (range 1-4) premaxillary teeth, 53.7 (42-73) small maxillary teeth, and 42.7 (26-60) vomerine teeth that are arranged in patches. Limbs are relatively short, with large hands and feet, and the limb interval averages 3.2 (range 2.5-4.0). Digits are plump, bluntly pointed and webbed, except for the 1.5 to 2 distal-most phalanges of longest digits. The fingers in order of decreasing length are 3>2>4>1; toes 3>4>2>5>1. Subterminal pads are prominent on all digits (Hanken et al. 2005).In preservative, Bolitoglossa nigrescens is dark black both dorsally and ventrally. The gular fold and soles of hands and feet are much paler than the surrounding skin. Jaw margins, nasolabial groove, and the ventral side of posterior one-third of tail are slightly paler as well (Hanken et al. 2005).Populations from the southeastern part of Costa Rica and northwestern Panama were referred to B. sombra and B. magnifica by Hanken et al. (2005). The diagnosis given by Savage (2002) no longer applies (Hanken et al. 2005).A Spanish-language species account can be found at the website of Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio) (http://darnis.inbio.ac.cr/FMPro?-DB=UBIpub.fp3&-lay=WebAll&-Format=/ubi/detail.html&-Op=bw&id=4339&-Find).

References

  • Hanken, J. Wake, D. B., and Savage, J. M. (2005). ''A solution to the large black salamander problem (genus Bolitoglossa) in Costa Rica and Panamá.'' Copeia, 2005(2), 227-245.
  • Savage, J., Wake, D., Chaves, G., and Bolaños, F. (2008). Bolitoglossa nigrescens. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 14 May 2010.

license
cc-by-3.0
author
Christine Lu
original
visit source
partner site
AmphibiaWeb articles

Distribution and Habitat

provided by AmphibiaWeb articles
Bolitoglossa nigrescens is known from five localities in northern and central Cordillera de Talamanca of Costa Rica. The species occurs within the Tropical Lower Montane Rainforest and Tropical Montane Rainforest zones. It is an extremely high altitude species, found at 1650 to 3000 m asl (Hanken et al. 2005).
license
cc-by-3.0
author
Christine Lu
original
visit source
partner site
AmphibiaWeb articles

Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

provided by AmphibiaWeb articles
B. nigrescens is rare. It can tolerate somewhat degraded habitat. Although habitat loss from deforestation (due to agriculture, logging, and human settlement) is a threat, the high elevations and cold temperatures at which this species occurs mean that there is less human presence in its range than for other salamanders in Costa Rica. It occurs within two protected areas, the Zona Protectora Cerros de Escazu and the Reserva Forestal Los Santos (Savage et al. 2008).
license
cc-by-3.0
author
Christine Lu
original
visit source
partner site
AmphibiaWeb articles

Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

provided by AmphibiaWeb articles
This species is nocturnal and terrestrial (Savage 2002). It lives under rocks, under and in logs, and in holes (Savage et al. 2008). It is a direct developer (Savage et al. 2008).
license
cc-by-3.0
author
Christine Lu
original
visit source
partner site
AmphibiaWeb articles

Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by INBio
Distribucion en Costa Rica: Endémica. Se encuentra en las tierras altas del norte de la Cordillera de Talamanca, entre 1.650 y 3.000 m de altitud, en el Cerro de la Muerte (Villa Mills y Casa Blanca de Tejar, en cerros de Escazú (Pico Blanco) y cerca de Tobosi (Tablón)) (Hanken, Wake and Savage, 2005).
Distribucion General:
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
INBio, Costa Rica
author
Luis Humberto Elizondo C.
editor
Federico Bolaños V.Enrique Quesada D.
partner site
INBio

Conservation Status ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by INBio
Es considerada como una especie amenazada de extinción y está protegida y regulada por la Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre No. 7317, además de la Ley Orgánica del Ambiente No. 7554 y el decreto No. 26435-MINAE.

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
INBio, Costa Rica
author
Luis Humberto Elizondo C.
editor
Federico Bolaños V.Enrique Quesada D.
partner site
INBio

Habitat ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by INBio
Viven en el Bosque Tropical Lluvioso Montano Bajo y Bosque Tropical Lluvioso Montano según zonas de vida de Holdridge (Hanken, Wake and Savage, 2005).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
INBio, Costa Rica
author
Luis Humberto Elizondo C.
editor
Federico Bolaños V.Enrique Quesada D.
partner site
INBio

Trophic Strategy ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by INBio
Posiblemente de insectos pequeños.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
INBio, Costa Rica
author
Luis Humberto Elizondo C.
editor
Federico Bolaños V.Enrique Quesada D.
partner site
INBio

Diagnostic Description ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by INBio
Salamandra de cuerpo largo (5,4-9,4 cm) en hembras adultas, robusto, uniformemente negro; manos y pies grandes y bien desarrollados, con membranas interdigitales moderamente extendidas; cola relativamente corta (42-45% del largo total) y ojos pequeños pero relativamente prominentes.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
INBio, Costa Rica
author
Luis Humberto Elizondo C.
editor
Federico Bolaños V.Enrique Quesada D.
partner site
INBio

Diagnostic Description ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by INBio
Localidad del tipo: "Boquete road camp", en la carretera entre Villa Mills y San Isidro del General, San José, Costa Rica (9º27.4' N, 83º41.1' W), 1.829 msnm.
Depositario del tipo: KU 23816
Recolector del tipo:
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
INBio, Costa Rica
author
Luis Humberto Elizondo C.
editor
Federico Bolaños V.Enrique Quesada D.
partner site
INBio

Cordillera Central salamander

provided by wikipedia EN

The Cordillera Central salamander (Bolitoglossa nigrescens) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.

It is endemic to Costa Rica. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Sources

  1. ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Bolitoglossa nigrescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T59186A54375432. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T59186A54375432.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Cordillera Central salamander: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The Cordillera Central salamander (Bolitoglossa nigrescens) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.

It is endemic to Costa Rica. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Bolitoglossa nigrescens ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Bolitoglossa nigrescens es una especie de salamandras en la familia Plethodontidae. Es endémica de Costa Rica, en la Cordillera de Talamanca.[2]​ Su hábitat natural son los montanos húmedos tropicales o subtropicales. Está amenazada de extinción debido a la destrucción de su hábitat.

Referencias

  1. Jay Savage, David Wake, Gerardo Chaves, Federico Bolaños (2004). «Bolitoglossa nigrescens». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2012.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 7 de mayo de 2013.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. 2013. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.6 (9 January 2013). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/?action=references&id=30026. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Bolitoglossa nigrescens: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Bolitoglossa nigrescens es una especie de salamandras en la familia Plethodontidae. Es endémica de Costa Rica, en la Cordillera de Talamanca.​ Su hábitat natural son los montanos húmedos tropicales o subtropicales. Está amenazada de extinción debido a la destrucción de su hábitat.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Bolitoglossa nigrescens ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Bolitoglossa nigrescens Bolitoglossa generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Plethodontidae familian sailkatuta dago, Caudata ordenan.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera

Kanpo estekak

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Bolitoglossa nigrescens: Brief Summary ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Bolitoglossa nigrescens Bolitoglossa generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Plethodontidae familian sailkatuta dago, Caudata ordenan.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Bolitoglossa nigrescens ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Bolitoglossa nigrescens est une espèce d'urodèles de la famille des Plethodontidae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce est endémique du Costa Rica. Elle se rencontre entre 1 650 et 3 000 m d'altitude dans la cordillère de Talamanca[1].

Description

Les femelles mesurent de 58,1 à 94,1 mm sans la queue, celle-ci représente 80 % de la longueur standard ; soit entre 105 et 170 mm de longueur totale[2].

Publication originale

  • Taylor, 1949 : New salamanders from Costa Rica. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, vol. 33, no 6, p. 279-288 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Bolitoglossa nigrescens: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Bolitoglossa nigrescens est une espèce d'urodèles de la famille des Plethodontidae.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Bolitoglossa nigrescens ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Herpetologie

Bolitoglossa nigrescens is een salamander uit de familie longloze salamanders (Plethodontidae). De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Edward Harrison Taylor in 1949. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Magnadigita nigrescens gebruikt.[2]

Verspreiding en habitat

De salamander komt voor in delen van Midden-Amerika en leeft endemisch in Costa Rica.[3]

Bolitoglossa nigrescens leeft in de nevelwouden van noordelijke deel van de Cordillera de Talamanca op hoogtes tussen de 1650 en 3000 meter. Aanvankelijk waren er ook waarnemingen gerapporteerd uit het zuidwesten van Costa Rica en in het gebied rond de vulkaan Chiriquí in Panama, maar nieuw wetenschappelijk onderzoek toonde aan het op deze locaties om de nauw verwante soorten Bolitoglossa sombra en Bolitoglossa magnifica gaat.[4]

Bronvermelding

Referenties
  1. (en) Bolitoglossa nigrescens op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History, Bolitoglossa nigrescens.
  3. University of California - AmphibiaWeb, Bolitoglossa nigrescens.
  4. A solution to the large black salamander problem (Genus Bolitoglossa) in Costa Rica and Panama. Hanken J, Wake DB, Savage JM. Copeia (2005).
Bronnen
  • (en) - Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History - Bolitoglossa nigrescens - Website Geconsulteerd 6 maart 2017
  • (en) - University of California - AmphibiaWeb - Bolitoglossa nigrescens - Website
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Bolitoglossa nigrescens: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Bolitoglossa nigrescens is een salamander uit de familie longloze salamanders (Plethodontidae). De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Edward Harrison Taylor in 1949. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Magnadigita nigrescens gebruikt.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Bolitoglossa nigrescens ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Bolitoglossa nigrescens é uma espécie de anfíbio caudado pertencente à família Plethodontidae, sub-família Plethodontinae.

Ver também

Referências

  1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). «Bolitoglossa nigrescens». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2020: e.T59186A54375432. doi:. Consultado em 15 de novembro de 2021

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia PT

Bolitoglossa nigrescens: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Bolitoglossa nigrescens é uma espécie de anfíbio caudado pertencente à família Plethodontidae, sub-família Plethodontinae.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia PT

Bolitoglossa nigrescens ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Bolitoglossa nigrescens là một loài kỳ giông thuộc họ Plethodontidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Costa Rica. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới. Chúng hiện đang bị đe dọa vì mất môi trường sống.

Chú thích

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết Bộ Có đuôi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Bolitoglossa nigrescens: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Bolitoglossa nigrescens là một loài kỳ giông thuộc họ Plethodontidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Costa Rica. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới. Chúng hiện đang bị đe dọa vì mất môi trường sống.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI