Prionotoleberis salomani Kornicker 1986

Prionotoleberis salomani

ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Carl H. Saloman who collected some of the specimens upon which the species is based.

HOLOTYPE.—USNM 157840, adult female on slides and in alcohol.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Station 30, Panama City, Florida, depth 9.1 m.

ALLOTYPE.—USNM 157696, station 4, Panama City Florida, depth 12.8 m.

PARATYPES.—Anclote Anchorage, Florida: USNM 156961, ovigerous female, grab sample 32, replicate 3; USNM 157126, adult female, grab sample 24, replicate 3.

DISTRIBUTION.—Gulf coast of Florida; depth range 2–12.8 m.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE (Figures 37, 38).—Carapace elongate with dorsal and ventral margins parallel; anterior and posterior ends evenly rounded (Figure 37a).

Infold: Obscure in USNM 156961; rostral and anteroventral infold with numerous bristles; posteroventral infold with broad flap-like bristles along list and about 4 processes between list and posteroventral corner of valve (Figure 37b).

Size: USNM 156961, length 1.81 mm, height 0.65 mm; USNM 157840, length 1.98 mm, height 0.75 mm; USNM 157126, length 1.72 mm, height 0.63 mm.

First Antenna (Figure 37c,d): 1st joint with medial spines. 2nd joint with medial spines and 2 bristles (1 lateral, 1 dorsal). 3rd and 4th joints fused, quadrate, with no separating suture except near ventral margin; 3rd joint with 1 small ventral bristle and 6–8 spinous dorsal bristles (USNM 157840 with 6, USNM 156961 with 7–8, latter possibly aberrant); 4th joint with 2 spinous, terminal, ventral bristles and 1 long, spinous, dorsal bristle. 5th joint with convex, slightly undulate, dorsal margin (Figure 37d); sensory bristle with 1 small proximal filament and 6 long terminal filaments. 6th joint minute, with long, spinous, medial bristle. 7th joint: a-claw smooth, shorter than medial bristle of 6th joint; b-bristle longer than bristle of 6th joint, with 1 proximal filament and 3 long, distal, marginal filaments; c-bristle about twice length of b-bristle, with 7 marginal filaments. 8th joint: d-bristle represented by minute peg; e-bristle bare with blunt tip, shorter than b-bristle; f-bristle slightly longer than b-bristle, with 4 or 5 short ventral filaments, some with marginal spines; g-bristle longer than f-bristle, with about 7 short dorsal filaments.

Second Antenna (Figure 37e,f): Protopodite with minute distal medial bristle, otherwise bare. Endopodite 3-jointed: 1st and 2nd joints bare, 3rd joint small, with long terminal filament with blunt tip. Exopodite: bristle of 2nd joint not reaching 9th exopodial joint, spinous; bristles of joints 3–8 long with natatory hairs, bristles of joints 3–6 also with ventral spines near middle; 9th joint with 4 bristles (2 short with short marginal spines, 2 long with natatory hairs); joints 3–8 with basal spines; 9th joint with lateral spine; joints 2–8 with short spines forming row along distal margin.

Mandible (Figures 37i,j, 38a): Coxale endite broken off on both limbs of USNM 156961 (see description of adult male). Basale: Endite with 4 end bristles, 3 triaenid bristles (with 3 or 4 pairs of marginal teeth excluding terminal pair), 1 pair of dwarf bristles, and minute glandular peg; medial side of basale with either no bristles or 1 small bristle near endite; dorsal margin with 2 terminal bristles (1 long, 1 minute). 1st endopodial joint with 3 long, spinous, ventral bristles. 2nd endopodial joint: dorsal margin with 1 small proximal bristle and stout, spinous, a-, b-, c-, and d-bristles; ventral margin with 3 spinous terminal bristles; medial surface with spines and total of 9 cleaning bristles, and 1 long spinous bristle just distal to d-bristle; lateral side with 1 long spinous bristle between c- and d-bristles. 3rd endopodial joint with stout dorsal claw with distal dorsal spines, and 5 bristles (4 long, 1 short). Exopodite hirsute, 40–50 % length of dorsal margin of 1st endopodial joint, with 2 small subterminal bristles.

Maxilla (Figure 37g): Endite I with 4 bristles (3 long, 1 short); endite II with 3 long bristles. Epipodial appendage hirsute, reaching to about middle of dorsal margin of basale. Basale: hirsute medial surface with 0 or 1 short proximal bristle and 1 short distal bristle, all near dorsal margin; ventral margin with 2 short bristles (1 proximal, 1 distal) and 1 long, spinous, terminal bristle; lateral surface with 1 short proximal bristle. Endopodite: 1st joint with small faint anterior bristle, and beta-bristle just reaching past tip of long terminal bristle on ventral margin of basale; 2nd joint with long, spinous, terminal bristle.

Fifth Limb (Figure 38b): Exopodial bristles of comb consisting of stout spinous bristle extending past tip of comb, 2 small slender bristles just ventral to base of stout bristle, and 2 pairs of bristles near ventral margin. I additional bristle ventral to the proximal pair of bristles also may be epipodial bristle; 2 single bristles present near ventral margin at distal end of comb; tips of bristles along ventral margin of comb with flaring marginal hairs.

Sixth Limb (Figure 38c): Anterior margin with upper and lower sutures, each with single spinous bristle; lateral flap with hirsute margin and single spinous bristle at anterior tip; ventral margin of skirt with 5 bristles (with long marginal spines) followed by short space in vicinity of lateral flap and then 26 spinous bristles.

Seventh Limb (Figure 38d): Each limb with 6 proximal bristles (3 on each side) and 6 distal bristles (3 on each side); each bristle with up to 4 bells. Terminus consisting of opposing combs, each with about 12 spinous teeth.

Furca: Each lamella with 9 slender claws decreasing in length posteriorly along lamella.

Bellonci Organ (Figure 37h): Elongate with suture near middle and rounded tip.

Eyes: Lateral eye pigmented brown, with about 10 ommatidia (Figure 37h). Medial eye unpigmented, bare, about same size as lateral eye (Figure 37h).

Lips (Figure 37h): Upper lip consisting of hirsute lobe on each side of middle saddle. Lower lip with lateral hirsute flaps.

Posterior of Body (Figure 37k): With small, spinous, thumb-like, dorsal process.

Y-Sclerite: Typical for subfamily.

Eggs: USNM 156961 with 3 eggs in marsupium.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT MALE (Figures 39, 40).—Carapace elongate with hairs forming vertical row near posterior margin (Figure 39a).

Infold: Not examined.

Size: USNM 157696, length 1.84 mm, height 0.76 mm.

First Antenna (Figure 39b): 1st joint bare. 2nd joint with 2 spinous bristles (1 dorsal, 1 lateral). 3rd joint separated from 4th with strong suture on medial side but none on lateral side except near ventral and dorsal margins; 3rd joint with 1 small ventral bristle and 6 longer, spinous, dorsal bristles. 4th joint with 2 short, ventral, terminal bristles and 1 longer, spinous, dorsal bristle. 5th and 6th joints fused; dorsal margin of 5th joint undulate and with proximal projection; sensory bristle stout, with stem reaching just past 8th joint, and with numerous filaments. 6th joint with short medial bristle with base near ventral margin. 7th joint: a-claw not reaching past tip of bristle of 6th joint, with faint ventral teeth near tip; b-bristle about twice length of a-claw, with 5 marginal filaments; c-bristle extremely long (tip missing on limb examined), with 36 marginal filaments on remaining part. 8th joint: d-bristle represented by minute peg; e-bristle slightly longer than b-bristle, bare with blunt tip; f-bristle extremely long (tip missing on limb examined, with 37 filaments on remaining part); g-bristle about one-third longer than b-bristle, with 8 marginal filaments.

Second Antenna (Figure 39c,d): Protopodite with small, distal, medial bristle, otherwise bare. Endopodite 3-jointed: 1st joint bare; 2nd joint elongate with 3 short, distal, ventral bristles, 3rd joint reflexed, fairly short, with 1 proximal ventral bristle and minute teeth forming rows along inner margin, tip pointed. Exopodite: 1st joint elongate, with distal hairs; 2nd joint elongate, joints 3–9 short; joints 2–8 with long hairs on inner distal corner, and spines along distal margin; joints 4–8 with small basal spines; 9th joint with small lateral spines; bristles of joints 2–8 with natatory hairs but no ventral spines; 9th joint with 4 bristles (3 long, 1 short) with natatory hairs.

Mandible (Figure 40a,b): Coxale endite: ventral branch with 4 or 5 oblique rows of spines and tip with 3 minute teeth; ventral margin of dorsal branch with 5 or 6 knobs and short main spine; distal dorsal bristle of dorsal branch hirsute and with base proximal to base of terminal spine; dorsal margin of branch serrate; minute medial bristle present near base of ventral branch. Basale: endite with 4 short end bristles, 3 weakly developed triaenid bristles, and 1 dwarf bristle; a minute bristle present near base of endite; dorsal margin of basale with 2 terminal bristles (lateral of these more than twice length of other). Exopodite length of dorsal margin of 1st endopodial joint, hirsute, with 2 small subterminal bristles. 1st endopodial joint with 3 long, spinous, ventral bristles. 2nd endopodial joint: ventral margin with 3 spinous terminal bristles; dorsal margin with 2 short proximal bristles and stout a-, b-, c-, and d-bristles; medial surface spinous, with about 16 cleaning bristles and 1 long, stout, spinous bristle just distal to base of d-bristle; lateral surface with long bristle between c- and d-bristle. 3rd endopodial joint with stout dorsal claw, 1 short bristle, and 4 long bristles.

Maxilla (Figure 39e): Similar to that of adult female except short ventral bristles of basale not observed.

Fifth Limb (Figure 39f): Similar to that of adult female.

Sixth Limb (Figure 39g): Similar to that of adult female except with minute medial bristle near proximal anterior corner of stem, and ventral margin of skirt of USNM 157696 with 31 bristles on left limb and 37 on right limb.

Seventh Limb (Figure 40c): Similar to that of adult female except one of the limbs of USNM 157696 with only 5 proximal bristles (3 on the side, 2 on other; other limb with 6 proximal bristles).

Furca: Each lamella with 7 or 8 claws; posterior set of claw-like; anterior 4 claws on each lamella more strongly curved than those of female.

Bellonci Organ (Figure 40d): Similar to that of adult female.

Eyes: Medial eye unpigmented, bare (Figure 40d). Lateral eyes pigmented brown, about larger than medial eye, each with about 20 ommatidia (Figure 40e).

Lips (Figure 39h): Similar to that of adult female.

Copulatory Organ: Small, consisting of several lobes.

Posteror of Body: Thumb-like dorsal process not observed.

Y-Sclerite (Figure 40f): Similar to that of adult female.

COMPARISONS.—The very short bristle in the terminal pair on the dorsal margin of the mandibular basale of the female clearly identifies this species.

Postasterope, new genus

ETYMOLOGY.—The generic name is from the Latin post (“after, behind”) plus asterope, in reference to the construction of the posterior infold of members of this genus. Gender feminine.

TYPE-SPECIES.—Postasterope abaco, new species.

DISTRIBUTION.—Florida, Bahamas, West Indies, California, 1–401.4 m.

COMPOSITION.—The new genus Postasterope is proposed for 4 species (2 new): Postasterope corrugata (Poulsen, 1965:391), P. messingi, new species, P., abaco, new species, and P. barnesi (Baker, 1978:139).

DIAGNOSIS OF GENUS.—Carapace elongate with linear or slightly convex ventral and dorsal margins.

Infold and Selvage (Figures 41d,e, 43b,c): Each valve with narrow list near inner edge of infold extending from point near inner end of incisur to posterior end of ventral margin where it broadens and bears faint, transparent, flap-like bristles that continue along the inner edge of the posterior list (the bristles often difficult to resolve). A broad shelf with linear posterior edge extending posteriorly from posterior list forms basis for proposing the genus Postasterope. Posterior edge of shelf generally serrate or spinous, especially on left valve where spines or serrations may be quite long (Figures 41d,e, 43b,c). On some species shelf being thin, transparent, and relatively wide (Figure 41e); on other species transparent part of shelf narrow or absent (Figure 43c). On right valve only, ventral end of shelf continuing ventrally as ridge curving anteriorly and forming flange medial to ventral margin of valve (Figures 41d, 43b). Selvage with wide lamella prolongation with smooth outer edge intersecting ventral margin of valve near anterior end then continuing posteriorly dorsal to ventral margin and ending at ventral edge of posterior shelf (Figures 41d,e, 43b,c) (the precise relationship between posterior end of selvage and shelf not clear, but serrated edge of shelf may be equivalent to edge of lamellar prolongation of selvage). On some species 2 or 3 elongate processes project posteriorly from underneath shelf (Figures 41d, 43b,c). Some shelves with small bristles (whether these are on or below shelf usually difficult to resolve). On left valve only, ventral end of shelf not continuing ventrally as ridge but either ending at posterior end of selvage (Figure 41e) or vaguely curving posteriorly to intersect valve margin (Figure 43c). Posterior shelves may bear closely spaced pore canals (Figure 41e). (The linear posterior edge of the shelf of both valves, and the curved ridge at the ventral end of the shelf of the right valve are generally visible through the valves when viewed externally, enabling the recognition of the genus without opening valves.)

First Antenna: 2nd joint without lateral bristle. Dorsal margin of 3rd joint with 6 bristles. Dorsal margin of 5th and 6th joints of adult male with distinct protuberances. Sensory bristle of 5th joint of female with 6 terminal filaments and no short proximal filament. The c- and f-bristles of adult male extremely long. The e-bristle well developed but d-bristle absent or minute on both sexes.

Second Antenna: Endopodite of male 3-jointed with 3rd joint reflexed on 2nd.

Mandible: Exopodite to length of dorsal margin of 1st endopodial joint. Long lateral bristle present between b- and c-bristles of dorsal margin of 2nd endopodial joint.

Sixth Limb: Ventral margin of skirt with 0–2 bristles near middle, 0–2 bristles on posterior corner, and 2 or 3 bristles at anterior end; no bristles present on lateral anterior flap.

Posterior of Body: Known species with posterodorsal thumb-like process with spines or hairs at tip.

COMPARISONS.—The new genus Postasterope differs from most other genera of Cylindroleberidinae in having a broad shelf on the posterior list of each valve, usually with a serrate or spinose posterior edge (spines larger on left valve), and the shelf on the right valve continues along the ventral margin of the valve as a flange medial to the valve edge. Members of the genus Skogsbergiella (Kornicker, 1975:465) have a ridge within the posterior edge of the right valve but members of that genus have well-developed d- and e-bristles on the 1st antenna, whereas the d-bristle is absent or minute on members of Postasterope. Some species of Synasterope have a carapace like that of Postasterope, but members of that genus do not have a long lateral bristle between the and c-bristles of the 2nd endopodial joint of the mandible.