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Caladenia argocalla D. L. Jones

Caladenia argocalla

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Caladenia argocalla, commonly known as white beauty spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid which grows singly or in loose groups and has a single, hairy leaf and one or two white to greenish-white flowers on a wiry, hairy stalk. The total population is thought to be between 2,000 and 4,500 and it is classed as an "Endangered" species.

Description

Caladenia argocalla is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single hairy, linear to narrow lance-shaped leaf. The leaf is erect, 12–22 cm (5–9 in) long, 10–18 mm (0.4–0.7 in) wide and dull green. The leaf appears in April or May but leaves or flowers do not appear every year, the number of flowering plants fluctuating from year to year.[2][3][4]

One or two unscented flowers are borne on a wiry, hairy spike 30–60 cm (10–20 in) high. The flowers are about 9 cm (4 in) in diameter and are white or greenish-white with a narrow stripe along the sepals and petals. The dorsal sepal is 9–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long, about 4 mm (0.2 in) wide, linear to elliptic in shape but narrows to a thin, thread-like end about 1.5 mm (0.06 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long, about 7–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide, egg-shaped to lance-shaped in the lower part but taper to a long thin thread-like end. The petals are 7.5–9.5 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, about 5–6.5 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and have a similar shape to the sepals. The labellum is egg-shaped to heart-shaped, erect near its base but curves forward, especially towards its end. There are ten to twelve white or purplish calli up to 3 mm (0.1 in) long along the edges of the labellum and six to eight rows of red or white golf-club shaped calli in the centre and extending almost to the tip of the labellum. The column is 15–17 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long and transparent with reddish stripes and other shapes as well as broad wings. Flowering occurs from September to October.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

Caladenia argocalla was first formally described by David L. Jones in 1991 and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research. The type specimen was collected near Kapunda.[1] The specific epithet (argocalla) is derived from the Ancient Greek words argos meaning "white"[5]: 100  and kallos meaning "beautiful"[5]: 131  in reference to the common name.[2]

Distribution and habitat

White beauty spider orchid grows on hills and slopes in forest, usually with sheoaks. It is only known from thirteen subpopulations in the hills north of Adelaide, including in the Spring Gully Conservation Park.[2][3][4]

Conservation

The total size of the population of this species in 2006 was estimated to be between 2,000 and 4,500 individuals. The main threats to its survival are considered to be habitat degradation, weed invasion, lack of pollinators and grazing by native, domestic and feral animals. It is classified as "Endangered" under the South Australian National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 and the Commonwealth Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC) Act.[3][4]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Caladenia argocalla". APNI. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d Jones, David L. (1991). "New taxa of Australian Orchidaceae". Australian Orchid Research. 2: 15–16.
  3. ^ a b c d "Caladenia argocalla" (PDF). Government of South Australia Department for Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d "Recovery Plan for 12 Threatened Orchids in the Lofty Block of South Australia" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. pp. 32–40. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  5. ^ a b Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
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Caladenia argocalla: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Caladenia argocalla, commonly known as white beauty spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid which grows singly or in loose groups and has a single, hairy leaf and one or two white to greenish-white flowers on a wiry, hairy stalk. The total population is thought to be between 2,000 and 4,500 and it is classed as an "Endangered" species.

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Caladenia argocalla ( Portuguese )

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Caladenia argocalla é uma espécie de orquídea, família Orchidaceae, do sul da Austrália,[1] onde crescem em grupos esparsos ou, por vezes, formam grandes colônias, em bosques, áreas reflorestadas, ou de vegetação arbustiva, charnecas, e afloramentos de granito, em áreas de solo bem drenado mas ocasionalmente em áreas sazonalmente alagadiças. Pertence a um grupo de cerca de trinta espécies, tratadas por David Jones como Alliance Tailed Spider do gênero Arachnorchis, que distingue-se dos outros grupos de Caladenia por apresentar diferente tipo de pubescência nasfolhas e inflorescências, por suas flores grandes de sépalas e pétalas atenuadas, longas e sem verrugas na extremidade, labelo pendurado firmemente com dentes marginais do curtos e espessados; e células osmofóricas especializadas. São plantas com uma única folha basal pubescente com marcas proeminentes púrpura perto da base, e uma inflorescência rija, fina e densamente pubescente, com uma ou poucas flores, que vagamente lembram uma aranha, muito estreitas, caudadas, e bem esparramadas, normalmente pendentes. Em conjunto formam grupo bem vistoso quando sua floração é estimulada por incêndios de verão.[2]

Publicação e sinônimos

  • Caladenia argocalla D.L.Jones, Austral. Orchid Res. 2: 15 (1991).

Sinônimos homotípicos:

  • Arachnorchis argocalla (D.L.Jones) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem., Orchadian 13: 392 (2001).
  • Calonema argocallum (D.L.Jones) Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46: 16 (2001).
  • Calonemorchis argocalla (D.L.Jones) Szlach., Polish Bot. J. 46: 137 (2001).

Referências

  1. R. Govaerts et al. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. «Published on the Internet» (em inglês). Consultada em 14 de janeiro 2013.
  2. David L. Jones (2006). Arachnorchis inNative Orchids of Australia:50-97. Reed Natural History Australia (Publ.) ISBN 9781877069123

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Caladenia argocalla: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Caladenia argocalla é uma espécie de orquídea, família Orchidaceae, do sul da Austrália, onde crescem em grupos esparsos ou, por vezes, formam grandes colônias, em bosques, áreas reflorestadas, ou de vegetação arbustiva, charnecas, e afloramentos de granito, em áreas de solo bem drenado mas ocasionalmente em áreas sazonalmente alagadiças. Pertence a um grupo de cerca de trinta espécies, tratadas por David Jones como Alliance Tailed Spider do gênero Arachnorchis, que distingue-se dos outros grupos de Caladenia por apresentar diferente tipo de pubescência nasfolhas e inflorescências, por suas flores grandes de sépalas e pétalas atenuadas, longas e sem verrugas na extremidade, labelo pendurado firmemente com dentes marginais do curtos e espessados; e células osmofóricas especializadas. São plantas com uma única folha basal pubescente com marcas proeminentes púrpura perto da base, e uma inflorescência rija, fina e densamente pubescente, com uma ou poucas flores, que vagamente lembram uma aranha, muito estreitas, caudadas, e bem esparramadas, normalmente pendentes. Em conjunto formam grupo bem vistoso quando sua floração é estimulada por incêndios de verão.

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Caladenia argocalla ( Vietnamese )

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Caladenia argocalla là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Lan. Loài này được D.L.Jones mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1991.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Caladenia argocalla. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 6 năm 2013.

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Caladenia argocalla: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Caladenia argocalla là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Lan. Loài này được D.L.Jones mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1991.

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Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
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