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Associations

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Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe hystrix is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Ectomycorrhizal broadleaved trees and shrubs
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe hystrix is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Pinopsida
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey

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Guidance for identification

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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Inocybe hystrix (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat
Folk 32: 453. 1879.
Agaricus Hystrix Fries, Bpicr. Myc. 171. 1838.
Pileus ovoid to convex, subexpanded, obtuse or subumbonate, 2-5 (-8) cm. broad; surface
dry, clothed with dense, pointed or squarrose scales, varying wood-brown, seal-brown, and
umber; margin sometimes appressed-fibrillose ; context white; lamellae adnate, not broad,
close, pallid at first, then brown, the edges white-flocculose ; stipe equal, scarcely enlarged at
the base, peronate to near the apex by concolorous, squarrose scales, sometimes merely fibril-
lose-floccose-scaly, paler or subincamate beneath the scales, glabrous and pallid at the apex,
4-8 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick; spores elliptic-ovoid, smooth, inequilateral, 9-13 (-15) X 5-5.5
(-7) fj,; cystidia thickwalled, varying sublanceolate-fusoid to ovoid-lanceolate above a slender
pedicel, subobtuse at the apex, with a long tapering neck, 60-90 X 12-16 (-20) /x.
Type locality: Sweden.
Habitat: On the ground in coniferous regions.
Distribution: New England and Canada, westward to Michigan; also in Europe.
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bibliographic citation
William Alphonso Murrill, Calvin Henry Kauffman, Lee Oras Overholts. 1924. (AGARICALES); AGARICACEAE (pars); AGARICEAE (pars), INOCYBE, PHOLIOTA. North American flora. vol 10(4). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Inocybe hystrix

provided by wikipedia EN

Inocybe hystrix is an agaric fungus in the family Inocybaceae. It forms mycorrhiza with surrounding deciduous trees. Fruit bodies are usually found growing alone or in small groups on leaf litter during autumn months. Unlike many Inocybe species, Inocybe hystrix is densely covered in brown scales, a characteristic that aids in identification. The mushroom also has a spermatic odour that is especially noticeable when the mushroom is damaged or crushed.

Like many other Inocybe mushrooms, Inocybe hystrix contains dangerous amounts of muscarine and should not be consumed.

Taxonomy

The species was first described in 1838 by Elias Fries under the name Agaricus hystrix.[2] Finnish mycologist Petter Karsten later (1879) transferred it to Inocybe.[3]

Description

Fruit bodies have convex to plano-convex caps measuring 3–5.5 cm (1.2–2.2 in) in diameter. The caps are dry with scales that can be either erect or flat on the surface. The colour is brown in the centre, becoming paler towards the edges. The flesh is white, and has a spermatic odour and mild taste. The gills are closely spaced, white to dull brown, and have fringed edges. The stipe measures 3–9 cm (1.2–3.5 in) long by 0.5–1 cm (0.2–0.4 in) thick, and is roughly the same width throughout its length; like the cap, it is scaly.[4]

The spore print is cinnamon brown. spores are roughly almond-shaped, smooth, inamyloid, and measure 8–12.5 by 5–6.5 µm. Clamp connections are present in the hyphae.[4]

The species is poisonous.[5]

Habitat and distribution

In North America and Europe, Inocybe hystrix grows in deciduous forest, especially beech.[6] In Costa Rica, it is found in the Cordillera Talamanca, where it associates with Quercus costaricensis at elevations around 3,000 meters (9,800 ft).[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Inocybe hystrix (Fr.) P. Karst. 1879". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-11-03.
  2. ^ Fries E. (1838). Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici (in Latin). p. 171.
  3. ^ Karsten PA. (1879). "Rysslands, Finlands och den Skandinaviska halföns Hattsvampar. Förra Delen: Skifsvampar". Bidrag till Kännedom of Finlands Natur Folk (in Finnish). 32: 453.
  4. ^ a b c Halling RE, Mueller GM. (2005). Common Mushrooms of the Talamanca Mountains, Costa Rica. New York, New York: New York Botanical Garden Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-89327-460-3.
  5. ^ Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p. 305. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1.
  6. ^ Phillips R. "Inocybe hystrix". RogersMushrooms. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
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Inocybe hystrix: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Inocybe hystrix is an agaric fungus in the family Inocybaceae. It forms mycorrhiza with surrounding deciduous trees. Fruit bodies are usually found growing alone or in small groups on leaf litter during autumn months. Unlike many Inocybe species, Inocybe hystrix is densely covered in brown scales, a characteristic that aids in identification. The mushroom also has a spermatic odour that is especially noticeable when the mushroom is damaged or crushed.

Like many other Inocybe mushrooms, Inocybe hystrix contains dangerous amounts of muscarine and should not be consumed.

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Siilirisakas ( Finnish )

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Siilirisakas (Inocybe hystrix) on kupera, risalakkinen ja tummanruskeasuomuinen risakaslaji. Sen heltat ovat vaaleat ja muuttuvat sienen vanhetessa ruskeiksi. Jalka on joskus vaalea, tummanruskeiden suomujen peittämä. Risakas ei ole ruokasieni. Se kasvaa lehtimetsissä harvinaisena Etelä-Suomessa.[2]

Siilirisakas on Suomessa silmälläpidettävä laji. [3]

Lähteet

  1. Taksonomian lähde: Index Fungorum Luettu 14.8.2008
  2. Phillips, R.: WSOY Suuri Sienikirja, s. 152. suomeksi toim. Lasse Kosonen. WSOY, 1981, suom. 1992. ISBN 951-0-17255-3.
  3. Rassi, P., Hyvärinen, E., Juslén, A. & Mannerkoski, I. (toim.): Suomen lajien uhanalaisuus – Punainen kirja 2010, s. 244. Ympäristöministeriö & Suomen ympäristökeskus, 2010. ISBN 978-952-11-3806-5. Suomen lajien uhanalaisuus – Punainen kirja 2010 sivut 181–685 (pdf).
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Siilirisakas: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

provided by wikipedia FI

Siilirisakas (Inocybe hystrix) on kupera, risalakkinen ja tummanruskeasuomuinen risakaslaji. Sen heltat ovat vaaleat ja muuttuvat sienen vanhetessa ruskeiksi. Jalka on joskus vaalea, tummanruskeiden suomujen peittämä. Risakas ei ole ruokasieni. Se kasvaa lehtimetsissä harvinaisena Etelä-Suomessa.

Siilirisakas on Suomessa silmälläpidettävä laji.

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Inocybe hystrix ( French )

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Inocybe hystrix est une espèce de champignons de l'hémisphère nord, du genre Inocybe dans la famille des Inocybaceae.

Il s'agit d'un sporophore de 1 à 3 cm de diamètre, convexe ou campanulé, densément méchuleux et orné de méchules brunes, dressées, sur fond plus pâle. Ses lames adnées, serrées, blanchâtres, grisâtres puis brunes, à arêtes plus pâles. Son pied mesure de 2 à 6 cm de haut pour 3 à 5 mm d'épais, droit ou un peu clavé, orné de méchules brunes sur fond plus pâle. Il présente une cortine blanchâtre, fugace. Sa chair est blanchâtre, à odeur et saveur indistinctes. Sa sporée est brune et ses spores en amande et lisses mesurent de 9 à 11 µm pour 4,5 à 5,5 µm[2].

Cette espèce pousse durant les saisons estivale et automnale dans les forêts de feuillus et de conifères de l'Europe et du Canada où elle est très rare[1],[2].

Références

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wikipedia FR

Inocybe hystrix: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Inocybe hystrix est une espèce de champignons de l'hémisphère nord, du genre Inocybe dans la famille des Inocybaceae.

Il s'agit d'un sporophore de 1 à 3 cm de diamètre, convexe ou campanulé, densément méchuleux et orné de méchules brunes, dressées, sur fond plus pâle. Ses lames adnées, serrées, blanchâtres, grisâtres puis brunes, à arêtes plus pâles. Son pied mesure de 2 à 6 cm de haut pour 3 à 5 mm d'épais, droit ou un peu clavé, orné de méchules brunes sur fond plus pâle. Il présente une cortine blanchâtre, fugace. Sa chair est blanchâtre, à odeur et saveur indistinctes. Sa sporée est brune et ses spores en amande et lisses mesurent de 9 à 11 µm pour 4,5 à 5,5 µm.

Cette espèce pousse durant les saisons estivale et automnale dans les forêts de feuillus et de conifères de l'Europe et du Canada où elle est très rare,.

Inocybe hystrix 2011-10-02 Inocybe hystrix (Fr.) Karsten 172114.jpg 2011-10-02 Inocybe hystrix (Fr.) Karsten 172120.jpg Inocybe hystrix (Fr.) P. Karst 947566.jpg 2011-10-02 Inocybe hystrix (Fr.) Karsten 172121.jpg
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