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Imagem de Andreaea rupestris Hedwig 1801
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Andreaea rupestris Hedwig 1801

Comments ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Andreaea rupestris is characterized by the following features: (1) shortly lanceolate leaves with a rather blunt apex and an ovate to panduriform base; (2) capsule dehiscence from near the base to the tip when fully mature; and (3) basal laminal cells elongate to narrowly rectangular.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Moss Flora of China Vol. 1: 52 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Moss Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Gao Chien & Marshall R. Crosby
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Comments ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Andreaea rupestris is a species of many morphological variants, more commonly identified by simple elimination. It is similar to A. obovata, but is distinguished by the leaves generally curving or secund, short-lanceolate, widest proximally, apices oblique or symmetric. The degree of expression of laminal papillae is variable on the same plant. Plants identified as A. alpestris, said to differ by straight leaves with low papillae, is probably best considered a high elevation form.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 27: 103, 104, 105, 106 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
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Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Plants reddish black, black or greenish brown. Leaves curved or secund to straight, wide-spreading to squarrose, short-lanceolate, widest proximally, apex oblique or symmetric; costa absent; leaf margins entire; basal laminal cells short- to long-rectangular, marginal cells rounded-quadrate to short-rectangular, walls sometimes thickened, usually pitted, straight; medial laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular, 1-stratose or occasionally 2-stratose in patches, lumens rounded, rectangular or irregularly stellate; laminal papillae usually present, commonly large, whitish. Sexual condition cladautoicous or autoicous; perichaetial leaves differentiated, convolute-sheathing. Spores 20-32(-50) µm.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 27: 103, 104, 105, 106 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Plants blackish green to black, or reddish brown to dark brown, up to 2 cm high in dense tufts. Stems erect or ascending, simple or sparsely branched. Leaves 0.70–0.76 mm × 0.30–0.36 mm, imbricate, appressed when dry, lanceolate from an ovate base to ovate-panduriform to panduriform, with acute to obtuse apex; margins entire, sometimes crenulate above in reference to the mammillae present on laminal cells, slightly incurved; upper laminal cells irregularly quadrate, rounded-rhomboid to short-rectangular, 8–16 µm × 4–8 µm, irregularly thick-walled, papillose to nearly smooth; basal cells elongate to narrowly rectangular, 20–60 µm × 2–6 µm, with strongly and irregularly thickened walls, pitted. Autoicous or dioicous. Perichaetial leaves oblong-lingulate, obtuse to acuminate, about 1.5–2.0 mm long. Pseudopodium 1.5–2.0 mm long. Capsules exserted, ovate-oblong, blackish brown, split to 4 values from near the base to the apex when mature. Spores red-brown, 20–28 µm in diameter, densely papillose.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Moss Flora of China Vol. 1: 52 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Moss Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Gao Chien & Marshall R. Crosby
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Synonym ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Andreaea alpestris (Thedenius) Schimper; A. papillosa Lindberg; A. parvifolia Müller Hal.; A. rupestris var. acuminata (Schimper) Sharp; A. rupestris var. alpestris (Thedenius) Sharp; A. rupestris var. papillosa (Lindberg) Podpera; A. rupestris var. sparsifolia (Zetterstedt) Sharp; A. sparsifolia var. sublaevis Kindberg
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 27: 103, 104, 105, 106 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Comprehensive Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por North American Flora
Andreaea rupestris (L.) Hedvv. Sp. Muse. 47. 1801
Jungrrmannia rupeilris L. Sp PI. 1135. 1753.
Andreaea Holhii Wel>cr & Mohr, Bot. Tasch. 386. 1807.
Andreaea faUala Schimp.; B.S.G. Bryol. Kur. (62-64:) Andr. 24. 1855.
In brown or black tufts, 1.5 cm. tall; stems dichotomous or fastigiate, often bare at the
• leaves spreading or secund, generally more or less falcate above, 0.9-1 mm. long, the
;.'r half incurved or subsccund from an oblong or slightly ovate base, either gradually or
I'lcnly narrowed to a long-lanceolate acuminate point; apex blunt; margin entire, crenate. or erose-dentate; costa strong, semi-terete, prominent and rough at the back, ending in or below the apex, sometimes obsolete at the base; blade consisting of about five rows of cells, gradually narrower to the apex, the cells 8-14 ^i long, thick-walled and mamillose above, the basal ones quadrate near the margin, linear-oblong in the middle, all with an irregular, small lumen; perichaetial leaves 1.5-2 mm. long, the 3 outer ones erect, costate, broadly ovate with an acuminate point, occasionally slightly papillose above, the inner convolute, ecostate. Autoicous: perigonial leaves few, the outer erect with short points, costate only at the apex, the inner ecostate: capsule oblong-ovate, brown or black, 0.8 mm. long, splitting three-fourths of the way to the base: spores large, 32-37 ai in diameter, brown, slightly roughened, maturing in early summer.
Type locality: Mt. Snowden, Wales.
Distribution: Greenland and Newfoundland to Ontario, and southward in the mountains to Alabama. Not reported from the Rocky Mountains or coast ranges; specimens distributed by Macoun from Mount Arrowsniith, British Columbia, as Andreaea Huntii are a mixture of A. rupestris and .4. alpestris. Also in Europe.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
citação bibliográfica
Albert LeRoy Andrews, Elizabeth Gertrude Britton, Julia Titus Emerson. 1961. SPHAGNALES-BRYALES; SPHAGNACEAE; ANDREAEACEAE, ARCHIDIACEAE, BRUCHIACEAE, DITRICHACEAE, BRYOXIPHIACEAE, SELIGERIACEAE. North American flora. vol 15(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
original
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North American Flora

Štěrbovka skalní ( Checo )

fornecido por wikipedia CZ

Štěrbovka skalní (Andreaea rupestris) patří do oddělení mechů (Bryophyta). Je nejčastějším zástupcem třídy Andreaeopsida v České republice. Do rodu Andreaea patří společně s dalšími asi 90 druhy (přesný počet není stanoven). V Evropě se vyskytuje 13 druhů štěrbovek.

Popis

 src=
Detail rostlinky, Andreaea rupestris

Jednotlivé rostlinky jsou 0,5–3 cm vysoké a tvoří barevně proměnlivé, vytrvalé porosty nebo malé polštářky. Mají matný povrch a mohou být hnědočervené, zelenočerné, černohnědé až černavé.

Podlouhle vejčité, mírně vyduté lístky (fyloidy) jsou za sucha přitisklé a za vlhka odstálé, mohou být až 1 mm dlouhé a 0,45 mm široké, nemají žebro a zužují se do kopinaté špičky. Na lodyžce jsou šroubovitě uspořádané. V paždí fyloidů se nacházejí slizové papily. Kauloid štěrbovky je vzpřímený a nevětvený.

Tobolka (k) vyrůstá na pseudopodiu, které nahrazuje štět (ten úplně chybí). Stěnu tobolky tvoří 5-10 vrstev, obsahuje chloroplasty a postrádá průduchy. Po dozrání tobolka puká 4 chlopněmi (příčnými štěrbinami). Prvoklíčky vznikají endoskopickým klíčením uvnitř výtrusů, ty jsou tlustostěnné a obsahují chloroplasty a olejové kapičky. Vrchol tobolky pokrývá malá čepička (o), která je dvouvrstvá a odpadává těsně před dozráním.

Štěrbovka skalní je jednodomá rostlina.

Rozšíření

Vyskytuje se společensky, nejčastěji na kyselých, nevápenatých silikátových skalách a kamenech, hojnější je ve vyšší nadmořské výšce a chladnějších pásmech. V Česku jsou příkladem hojného výskytu skalnatá stanoviště Žďárských vrchů.

Další štěrbovky

Odkazy

Literatura

  • KUBEŠOVÁ, Svatava, et al. Mechorosty : součást naší přírody. Prostějov : Český svaz ochránců přírody, 2009. 82 s. ISBN 978-80-254-6057-3
  • KREMER, Bruno P.; MUHLE, Hermann. Lišejníky, mechorosty, kapraďorosty. Praha : Ikar, 1998. 286 s. ISBN 80-7202-356-X
  • VÁŇA, Jiří. Speciální bryologie II/1. : Bryophyta (1. část). Praha : Karolinum, 2006. 47 s. ISBN 80-246-1264-X
  • AICHELE, Dietmar; SCHWEGLER, Heinz-Werner. Unsere Moos- und Farnpflanzen. Stuttgart : Kosmos, 1984. 378 s. ISBN 3-440-05299-0

Související články

Externí odkazy

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direitos autorais
Wikipedia autoři a editory
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia CZ

Štěrbovka skalní: Brief Summary ( Checo )

fornecido por wikipedia CZ

Štěrbovka skalní (Andreaea rupestris) patří do oddělení mechů (Bryophyta). Je nejčastějším zástupcem třídy Andreaeopsida v České republice. Do rodu Andreaea patří společně s dalšími asi 90 druhy (přesný počet není stanoven). V Evropě se vyskytuje 13 druhů štěrbovek.

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direitos autorais
Wikipedia autoři a editory
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia CZ

Andreaea rupestris ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Andreaea rupestris (Stein-Klaffmoos) ist eine Laubmoos-Art aus der Familie Andreaeaceae. Synonyme sind Andreaea petrophila Fürnr. oder Andreaea papillosa Lindb. Es ist eine vielgestaltige Art, die mit einer Reihe von Varietäten beschrieben wurde.

Merkmale

Andreaea rupestris bildet kissenförmige, kleine bis mittelgroße, bräunlichgrüne oder braunrote bis schwärzliche Rasen mit etwa 1 bis 2 Zentimeter hohen Pflanzen. Die dicht stehenden Blätter haben keine Blattrippe, sie sind gewöhnlich bis einen Millimeter lang, eiförmig oder lanzettlich, kurz und stumpf gespitzt, oft etwas einseitswendig, trocken anliegend bis spreizend, feucht stark spreizend bis sparrig abstehend.

Die Laminazellen haben stark verdickte Zellwände, sind getüpfelt und auf der Rückseite papillös. Im oberen Blattteil und an den Blatträndern weit herab sind sie etwa quadratisch, in der Blattmitte und an der Blattbasis kurz bis lang rechteckig.

Das Moos ist einhäusig. Sporenkapseln werden häufig gebildet, die Sporenreife erfolgt im Sommer. Die kugelige Kapsel öffnet sich mit vier breiten Längsrissen. Sporen sind oft ungleich entwickelt, größere grüne sind 26 bis mehr als 32 µm groß, kleinere geschrumpfte sind braun und etwa 20 bis 24 µm.

Vorkommen

Andreaea rupestris wächst auf Silikatgestein in lichten bis halbschattigen und trockenen bis feuchten Lagen. In Mitteleuropa ist es besonders im Bergland bis ins Hochgebirge (bis in 3000 Meter Höhe) verbreitet, im norddeutschen Flachland ist es selten. Die weltweite Verbreitung umfasst neben Europa Asien, Amerika, Südafrika, Australien, Neuseeland und die Antarktis.

Literatur

Weblinks

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Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
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wikipedia DE

Andreaea rupestris: Brief Summary ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Andreaea rupestris (Stein-Klaffmoos) ist eine Laubmoos-Art aus der Familie Andreaeaceae. Synonyme sind Andreaea petrophila Fürnr. oder Andreaea papillosa Lindb. Es ist eine vielgestaltige Art, die mit einer Reihe von Varietäten beschrieben wurde.

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cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia DE

Andreaea rupestris ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Andreaea rupestris is a species of moss in the class Andreaeopsida, are commonly referred to as the "lantern mosses" due to the appearance of their dehisced sporangia. It is typically found on smooth, acidic, exposed rock in the Northern hemisphere. It exhibits the common features of the genus Andreaea such as being acrocarpous, having dark pigmentation, lacking a seta, and bearing 4 lines of dehiscence in its mature sporangia, but can be further identified upon careful examination of its gametophytic leaves which have an ovate base to a more blunt apex compared to other similar species.

Taxonomy and classification

Andreaea rupestris is in the genus Andreaea, which has around 100 different species.[1]

It may be difficult to differentiate A. rupestris from some other species in its genus as it does bear some similar characteristics to other species. Some species which may be mistaken for A. rupestris are:

  • A. rothii, which has a similar habitat to A. rupestris but its leaves are nerved, and they are falcate-secund in both moist and dry conditions (A. rupestris is only falcate-secund in moist conditions).
  • A. mutabilis, which has a similar appearance but has a yellow leaf bases, which are more widely spread apart.
  • A. alpestris and A. sinuosa, which can only be differentiated from A. rupestris using a microscope.
  • A. megistospora, which has a similar habitat to A. rupestris and can only be differentiated by the size of its spores, and its nerved leaves.[2]

Description

The appearance of Andreaea rupestris is dark in colour, varying from dark red/brown/green to black depending on its life stage.[2][3] It grows in patches of dense, cushion-like tufts up to 2–3 cm high and has imbricate leaves in dry conditions.[2][4][3] In moist conditions, the leaves may be falcate-secund (curved to one side) yet this does not always hold true.[2] Unlike some other mosses, A. rupestris have biseriate rhizoids which aid in attaching the gametophyte to substrate.[5][6]

Gametophyte

Andreaea rupestris

The gametophyte leaves have an ovate base tapering to a blunt to acute apex[7][4] and are less than 1mm in length.[2] They lack a costa and may have papillae on the dorsal side, particularly on the upper leaves of the stem.[3] The leaves are bordered by shorter, rhombic marginal cells and their laminal cells have thickened cell walls.[7][4] Their perichaetial leaves are typically larger than their stem leaves.[8] In contrast to most bryophytes which have a filamentous protonemal stage, Andreaea rupestris have thalloid protonema that give rise to the leafy shoot of the gametophyte.[9][10]

Dehisced mature sporangium attached to the pseudopodium

Sporophyte

As characterized by the Andreaeopsida, Andreaea rupestris have small sporophytes which lack both an operculum and a seta. Instead of a seta, they have a pseudopodium derived from gametophytic tissue attached to the sporangium, extending from the perichaetium attached by a structure called the foot. Once fully mature, the sporangium will open along 4 vertical lines of dehiscence to release the spores inside.[1] The sporangium is hygroscopic as it will dehisce in dry conditions to release spores from the gaps, and will close back up in moist conditions.[11] The spores are red-brown in colour, usually larger than 20 μm in diameter, and lack elaters.[4][3][12]

Habitat and distribution

Andreaea rupestris are typically found in cooler climates on surfaces or fissures of dry, siliceous, exposed rock such as granite.[8][12] While they can also grow in neutral to mildly basic conditions, they are usually found on acidic rocks and cliff walls. They can be found from sea level to high elevations, but are more commonly associated with higher altitudes.[7][13] Compared to other species in their genus, they can withstand a wider variety of moisture levels and are better at surviving in drier conditions.[2] They have been found to grow with other species of their genus such as Andreaea nivalis , A. blyttii, A. rigida, A. crassinervia, A. rothii ssp. rothii, A. rothii ssp. jalcata, A. alpina, and A. obovata.[14]

They are primarily distributed around the Northern hemisphere in North America, Europe, and Asia.[4] More specifically, they have been confirmed in Canada,[7] the United States,[13] Norway,[14] Britain, Ireland,[8] Kazakhstan,[15] Korea,[16] China,[4] Central America, New Zealand, Antarctica[8] and more recently in 2018, Greece.[17]

Life cycle and reproduction

The sporophyte and gametophyte represent two generations of A. rupestris, also known as the alternation of heteromorphic generations. The gametophyte stage starts with the haploid spore, which then germinates into a thalloid protonema. The protonema then gives rise to the leafy gametophyte which houses the male and female organs also known as the antheridia and archegonia, respectively.

Andreaea rupestris are autoicous, meaning that their male and female organs exist on separate branches within the same gametophyte. The close proximity of the antheridia and archegonia helps facilitate fertilization. The antheridia contain sperm that travel down the neck of an archegonium, which houses the egg, to fertilize it. When the egg is fertilized and becomes a diploid zygote, it then develops into the diploid sporangium. Note that the sporangium is attached to a haploid pseudopodium that was derived from gametophytic tissue. Through the process of meiosis, haploid spores are produced and released through the gaps of the dehisced sporangium.[12]

Conservation

According to the BC Conservation Data Centre, this species is deemed "demonstrably widespread, abundant and secure" globally.[18] In British Columbia, it is labelled as "at the least risk of being lost".[19][20]

References

  1. ^ a b "Bryophyte - Annotated classification". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Andreaea rupestris" (PDF). Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. p. 312. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-11-09. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  3. ^ a b c d "Andreaea rupestris in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Andreaea rupestris in Moss Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  5. ^ Redhead, Scott A. (1973). "Observations on the Rhizoids of Andreaea". The Bryologist. 76 (1): 185–187. doi:10.2307/3241241. JSTOR 3241241.
  6. ^ "Rhizoid | biology". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  7. ^ a b c d Vitt, Dale H. (2012-02-20). "A comparative study of Andreaea acutifolia , A. mutabilis , and A. rupestris". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 18 (3): 367–377. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1980.10427254. ISSN 0028-825X.
  8. ^ a b c d Smith, A. J. E. (Anthony John Edwin), 1935- (2004). The moss flora of Britain and Ireland (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-54185-8. OCLC 813418719.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "Introduction to the Andreaeopsida". ucmp.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  10. ^ Nishida, Yuko (1971). "Studies on the Formation of the Protonema and the Leafy Shoot in Andreaea rupestris var. fauriei". Shokubutsugaku Zasshi. 84 (993): 187–192. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.84.187. ISSN 0006-808X.
  11. ^ "Dispersal - bryophyte". www.anbg.gov.au. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  12. ^ a b c Glime, J.M. (2017). "Bryophyte Ecology Volume 1" (e-Book). Michigan Tech. Archived from the original on 2017-06-08. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  13. ^ a b Vitt, Dale H.; Hoe, William J. (1980). "Andreaea in Hawaii". The Bryologist. 83 (2): 212. doi:10.2307/3242135. JSTOR 3242135.
  14. ^ a b Heegaard, Einar (1997). "Ecology of Andreaea in western Norway". Journal of Bryology. 19 (3): 527–636. doi:10.1179/jbr.1997.19.3.527. ISSN 0373-6687.
  15. ^ Hradílek, Zbyněk Chlachula, Jiří Nesterova, Svetlana Georgievna (2011). New bryophyte records from Kazakhstan. OCLC 904795139.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ Kim, Jung-Hyun; An, Ji-Hong; Lee, Byoung Yoon; Kim, Jin-Seok (2019-12-31). "Bryophyte flora of algific slopes in the Korean Peninsula". Environmental Biology Research. 37 (4): 508–525. doi:10.11626/KJEB.2019.37.4.508. ISSN 1226-9999. S2CID 212941429.
  17. ^ Blockeel, Tom L. (2018). "Mt Tzena, an Important Site for Bryophytes in Greece, with a Remarkably Disjunct Population of the Rich-Fen Moss Cinclidium stygium". Herzogia. 31 (1): 37–47. doi:10.13158/099.031.0101. ISSN 0018-0971. S2CID 91483579.
  18. ^ "Conservation Status Ranks". British Columbia. Archived from the original on 2017-03-11. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  19. ^ "Species Summary of A. rupestris". Archived from the original on 2020-04-08. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  20. ^ "Red, Blue & Yellow Lists". British Columbia. Archived from the original on 2017-03-11. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
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Wikipedia authors and editors
original
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wikipedia EN

Andreaea rupestris: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Andreaea rupestris is a species of moss in the class Andreaeopsida, are commonly referred to as the "lantern mosses" due to the appearance of their dehisced sporangia. It is typically found on smooth, acidic, exposed rock in the Northern hemisphere. It exhibits the common features of the genus Andreaea such as being acrocarpous, having dark pigmentation, lacking a seta, and bearing 4 lines of dehiscence in its mature sporangia, but can be further identified upon careful examination of its gametophytic leaves which have an ovate base to a more blunt apex compared to other similar species.

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direitos autorais
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EN

Kivi-lõhiskupar ( Estônio )

fornecido por wikipedia ET
 src=
Kivi-lõhiskupar

Kivi-lõhiskupar (Andreaea rupestris) on lõhiskupraliste sugukonda kuuluv sammaltaim.

Ta on Eestis arvatud II kaitsekategooriasse (seisuga 2012).

Eestis võib neid leida kasvamas rändrahnude juures[1].

Viited

  1. Kivi-lõhiskupar andmebaasis eElurikkus Muuda Vikiandmetes (vaadatud 25.08.2012)

Välislingid

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Kivi-lõhiskupar: Brief Summary ( Estônio )

fornecido por wikipedia ET
 src= Kivi-lõhiskupar

Kivi-lõhiskupar (Andreaea rupestris) on lõhiskupraliste sugukonda kuuluv sammaltaim.

Ta on Eestis arvatud II kaitsekategooriasse (seisuga 2012).

Eestis võib neid leida kasvamas rändrahnude juures.

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Kalliokarstasammal ( Finlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia FI

Kalliokarstasammal (Andreaea rupestris) on karstasammalten sukuun kuuluva sammallaji.

Ulkonäkö

Kalliokarstasammal on pieni (0,5 - 2 cm) hyvin tiheinä mättäinä kasvava sammal. Se on hyvin tumma, kuivana lähes musta. Sen lehdet ovat keskisuonettomat ja kapean kolmiomaiset. Itiöpesäkkeen perä on vain pesäkkeen mittainen ja pesäke aukeaa neljällä pitkittäisraolla.[2][3] Kalliokarstasammal on yksikotinen ja sillä on usein itiöpesäkkeitä. Sen itiöt ovat melko kookkaita.

Levinneisyys

Lauhkeat ja viileät alueet pohjoisella ja eteläisellä pallonpuoliskolla, erityisesti vuoristoissa. Kalliokarstasammal on yleinen koko Suomessa.

Elinympäristö

Kasvaa karuilla kivillä ja kallioilla, kuivilla tai ajoittain valuveden kostuttamilla paikoilla.[1]

Lähteet

  1. a b Ulvinen, Tauno, Syrjänen, Kimmo ja Anttila, Susanna: Suomen sammalet - levinneisyys, ekologia, uhanalaisuus. Suomen ympäristökeskus, 2002. ISBN 952-11-1290-5.
  2. Kauppi Matti ja Halonen Pekka: Kasvien lajintuntemus. Oulun yliopisto, 2000. ISSN 1239-1646.
  3. Rikkinen, Jouko: Jäkälät ja sammalet suomen luonnossa. Otava, 2008. ISBN 978-951-1-22221-7.
Tämä kasveihin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
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Kalliokarstasammal: Brief Summary ( Finlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia FI

Kalliokarstasammal (Andreaea rupestris) on karstasammalten sukuun kuuluva sammallaji.

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Holtasóti ( Islandês )

fornecido por wikipedia IS

Holtasóti (fræðiheiti: Andreaea rupestris) er tegund mosa af sótmosaætt. Hann finnst meðal annars á Íslandi og er algengur á steinum, oft á opnum svæðum, um allt land.[1] Auðvelt er að greina holtasóta frá náskyldu tegundinni fjallasóta á því að blöð holtasóta eru án miðrifs en blöð fjallasóta hafa miðrif.[1][2]

Gró

Holtasóti myndar gró í baukum eins og aðrir baukmosar. Gró holtasóta eru tvenns konar, vanþroska gró sem eru brún og um 20 µm að stærð og stærri græn gró sem eru um 30 µm.[2]

Vistfræði

Holtasóti þolir vel þurrk sem gerir honum kleift að vaxa á svæðum sem eru opin fyrir vindi. Hann þolir hins vegar illa samkeppni við aðrar tegundir, svo sem litunarskóf (Parmelia omphalodes), sepaskóf (Parmelia saxatilis) og hraungambra (Racomitrium lanuginosum).[1]

Holtasóti getur verið með algengustu mosum í sumum vistgerðum, til dæmis í eyðihraunavist[3] og í hraungambravist.[4]

Myndir

Tilvísanir

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Ágúst H. Bjarnason (2018). Mosar á Íslandi. Ágúst H. Bjarnason. ISBN 978-9935-458-80-3
  2. 2,0 2,1 Bergþór Jóhannsson (1990). Íslenskir mosar - sótmosaætt og haddmosaætt. Fjölrit Náttúrufræðistofnunar nr. 13. Náttúrufræðistofnun Íslands, Reykjavík.
  3. Eyðihraunavist. Náttúrufræðistofnun Íslands. Sótt þann 28. apríl 2018.
  4. Hraungambravist. Náttúrufræðistofnun Íslands. Sótt þann 28. apríl 2018.
licença
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Höfundar og ritstjórar Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia IS

Holtasóti: Brief Summary ( Islandês )

fornecido por wikipedia IS

Holtasóti (fræðiheiti: Andreaea rupestris) er tegund mosa af sótmosaætt. Hann finnst meðal annars á Íslandi og er algengur á steinum, oft á opnum svæðum, um allt land. Auðvelt er að greina holtasóta frá náskyldu tegundinni fjallasóta á því að blöð holtasóta eru án miðrifs en blöð fjallasóta hafa miðrif.

licença
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Höfundar og ritstjórar Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia IS

Andreaea rupestris ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Andreaea rupestris là một loài rêu trong họ Andreaeaceae. Loài này được Hedw. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1801.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Andreaea rupestris. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 5 năm 2014.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến Rêu này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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wikipedia VI

Andreaea rupestris: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Andreaea rupestris là một loài rêu trong họ Andreaeaceae. Loài này được Hedw. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1801.

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歐黑蘚 ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Andreaea rupestris
Hedw., 1801

歐黑蘚学名Andreaea rupestris)为黑蘚科黑蘚屬下的一个种。

参考文献

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歐黑蘚: Brief Summary ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科

歐黑蘚(学名:Andreaea rupestris)为黑蘚科黑蘚屬下的一个种。

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