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Drosophila ochrobasis Hardy & Kaneshiro 1968

Drosophila ochrobasis ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Drosophila ochrobasis ist eine seltene Fliegenart aus der Gattung Drosophila innerhalb der Familie der Taufliegen. Sie ist auf der Insel Hawaiʻi endemisch und galt zwischen 1986 und 2006 als ausgestorben.

Merkmale

Sowohl der Körper als auch die Flügel haben eine Länge von 4,6 mm. Der Kopf ist vorne gelb und oben braun. Das Gesicht ist weiß mit einer vervorstehenden Kante, die entlang der Mitte verläuft. Der Thorax ist gelb, abgesehen von einem großen braunen Flecken an jeder Seite. Die Beine sind gelblich mit einer bräunlichen Tönung. Bei den Männchen sind die basalen dreifünftel der Flügel überwiegend klar bis durchsichtig mit matten bräunlichen Querstreifen. Die äußeren zwei Drittel der Flügel sind dunkelbraun mit großen braunen, klaren Flecken ähnlich denen der Art Drosophila setosimentum. Die Weibchen von Drosophila ochrobasis sind nahezu nicht von denen der Art Drosophila setosimentum zu unterscheiden.

Lebensraum und Lebensweise

Drosophila ochrobasis bewohnt halbtrockene und feuchte Wälder. Die Larven nutzen Pflanzen der Gattungen Myrsine, Clermontia und Marattia als Wirtspflanzen.

Vorkommen und Status

Ursprünglich war Drosophila ochrobasis in den Höhenlagen zwischen 1.189 und 1.615 m weit verbreitet. Die Art wurde an zehn Stellen an den vier Vulkanen Hualālai, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa und Kohala gefunden. Zwischen 1967 und 1975 gab es fast jedes Jahr Sichtungen dieser Art, die häufigsten waren mit 135 Vorkommen in der Zeit zwischen 1970 und 1974. Nach der Beobachtung eines einzelnen Individuums im Jahr 1986, schlugen Expeditionen zur Wiederentdeckung der Art zwischen 1995 und 1997 zunächst fehl, jedoch gelang es dem US-amerikanischen Insektenforscher Karl Magnacca im Jahr 2006 ein Männchen und in den Jahren 2009 und 2010 fünf weitere Exemplare zu beobachten und zu fotografieren.[1]

Systematik

Der Holotypus von Drosophila ochrobasis wurde 1968 von Dilbert Elmo Hardy und Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro auf der Basis eines Exemplars beschrieben, das 1967 in 1.692 m Höhe am Puu Hualālai auf der Insel Hawaiʻi gesammelt wurde. Basierend auf chromosomalen Studien gehört D. ochrobasis zum Artenkomplex von Drosophila adiastola und ist offenbar am ehesten mit Drosophila setosimentum verwandt.[2]

Literatur

  • D. Elmo Hardy, Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro (1968): "New picture-winged Drosophila from Hawaii" University of Texas Publishing 6818, S. 171–262.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Picture-wing fly (Drosophila ochrobasis). 5-Year Review Summary and Evaluation. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, Hawaii, 2012
  2. H L Carson, W E Johnson, P S Nair, und F M Sene: Allozymic and chromosomal similarity in two Drosophila species In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Vol. 72, No. 11, S. 4521–4525, November 1975 (PDF, online)
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Drosophila ochrobasis: Brief Summary ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Drosophila ochrobasis ist eine seltene Fliegenart aus der Gattung Drosophila innerhalb der Familie der Taufliegen. Sie ist auf der Insel Hawaiʻi endemisch und galt zwischen 1986 und 2006 als ausgestorben.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia DE

Drosophila ochrobasis ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Drosophila ochrobasis is an endangered species of fly from Hawaii, in the species rich lineage of Hawaiian Drosophilidae. It is found on the Big island of Hawaii, and has historically been recorded from four of the five volcanoes (Kohala, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Hualālai), though it is now largely absent from most of those sites.[2] This species is in the adiastola subgroup and is closely related to D. setosimentum,[3] but male D. ochrobasis have strikingly different wing markings.

Conservation

Drosophila ochrobasis was described in 1968 by D. Elmo Hardy and Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro.[4] This fly is largely yellow-brown, with red eyes, a yellow front, and a white face. The upper margins of the eyes are usually blackened. Male and female D. ochrobasis have distinct wing markings from one another. Male wings are clear basally and dark apically, with two hyaline spots toward the apex. The female wing looks similar to D. setosimentum, with a somewhat checkerboard pattern of spots along the wings.

This species has been recorded breeding in plant species from three families: in the leaves of Myrsine lessertiana (Myrsinaceae), roots of Clermontia sp. (Campanulaceae), and rachis of Marattia douglasii (Marattiaceae).[5] It is not clear to what extent these rearing records represent major or incidental hosts.

Conservation

Drosophila ochrobasis was listed as federally endangered in 2006 along with ten other species of picture-wing Drosophila.[1] Threats to the conservation of D. ochrobasis include loss-of-habitat, in part due to invasive pigs, goats, cattle, and rats, all of which are known to feed on host plants. Additionally these flies face predation from introduced insects such as big-headed ants, yellow crazy ants, and yellowjacket wasps.

Invasive plants, such as Psidium cattleianum, Passiflora mollissima, Pennisetum setaceum, and Rubus argutus, also threaten the conservation of D. ochrobasis and other members of the native Hawaiian ecosystem.[1] These plants can overwhelm native species and outcompete them for access to light. Flammable species such as P. setaceum also contribute to rapidly spreading fires.

References

  1. ^ a b c "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Status for 12 Species of Picture-Wing Flies From the Hawaiian Islands". Federal Register. Fish and Wildlife Service. May 9, 2006. pp. 26835–26852. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
  2. ^ "ECOS: Species Profile". ecos.fws.gov. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  3. ^ Magnacca, Karl N.; Price, Donald K. (2015-11-01). "Rapid adaptive radiation and host plant conservation in the Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 92: 226–242. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.06.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 26151218.
  4. ^ Hardy, D. Elmo; Kaneshiro, Kenneth Y. (1968). "New picture-winged Drosophila from Hawaii". Studies in Genetics. 4: 171–262.
  5. ^ Magnacca, Karl N.; Foote, David; O’grady, Patrick M. (2008-03-17). "A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants". Zootaxa. 1728 (1): 1–58–1–58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1728.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Archived from the original on 2022-04-29. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EN

Drosophila ochrobasis: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Drosophila ochrobasis is an endangered species of fly from Hawaii, in the species rich lineage of Hawaiian Drosophilidae. It is found on the Big island of Hawaii, and has historically been recorded from four of the five volcanoes (Kohala, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Hualālai), though it is now largely absent from most of those sites. This species is in the adiastola subgroup and is closely related to D. setosimentum, but male D. ochrobasis have strikingly different wing markings.

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direitos autorais
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
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Drosophila ochrobasis ( Minangkabau )

fornecido por wikipedia MIN

Drosophila ochrobasis adolah saikua lalek dari genus Drosophila. Spesies ko juo marupokan bagian dari famili Drosophila, ordo Diptera, kelas Insecta, filum Arthropoda, dan kingdom Animalia.

Istilah "Drosophila", baarati "panyuko ambun", adolah adaptasi saintifik Latin modern dari kato Yunani δρόσος, drósos, "ambun", dan δρόσος, drósos, "panyuko", nan ditambahkan jo akiaran Latin feminin -a.

Rujuakan


licença
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direitos autorais
En
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia MIN

Drosophila ochrobasis: Brief Summary ( Minangkabau )

fornecido por wikipedia MIN

Drosophila ochrobasis adolah saikua lalek dari genus Drosophila. Spesies ko juo marupokan bagian dari famili Drosophila, ordo Diptera, kelas Insecta, filum Arthropoda, dan kingdom Animalia.

Istilah "Drosophila", baarati "panyuko ambun", adolah adaptasi saintifik Latin modern dari kato Yunani δρόσος, drósos, "ambun", dan δρόσος, drósos, "panyuko", nan ditambahkan jo akiaran Latin feminin -a.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
En
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia MIN

Drosophila ochrobasis ( Romeno; moldávio; moldavo )

fornecido por wikipedia RO

Drosophila ochrobasis[1] este o specie de muște din genul Drosophila, familia Drosophilidae, descrisă de Hardy și Kaneshiro în anul 1968.[1][2] Conform Catalogue of Life specia Drosophila ochrobasis nu are subspecii cunoscute.[1]

Referințe

  1. ^ a b c Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Accesat în 24 september 2012. Verificați datele pentru: |access-date= (ajutor)Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link)
  2. ^ Systema Dipterorum. Pape T. & Thompson F.C. (eds), 2011-01-06
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licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia autori și editori
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia RO

Drosophila ochrobasis: Brief Summary ( Romeno; moldávio; moldavo )

fornecido por wikipedia RO

Drosophila ochrobasis este o specie de muște din genul Drosophila, familia Drosophilidae, descrisă de Hardy și Kaneshiro în anul 1968. Conform Catalogue of Life specia Drosophila ochrobasis nu are subspecii cunoscute.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia autori și editori
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia RO