Acacia pendula A. Cunn. ex G. Don

Sallaq akasiya (lat. Acacia pendula) – paxlakimilər fəsiləsinin akasiya cinsinə aid bitki növü.

Mənbə

Acacia pendula és una espècie de planta arbustiva que pertany a la subfamília Mimosaceae dins el grup de les Lleguminoses. És una acàcia endèmica d'Austràlia i es distribueix pel sud-est del continent. Tal com és comú en el gènere Acàcia, aquestes plantes han modificat les fulles, les quals s'anomenen fil·lodis, reduint-les al màxim com a adaptació a la sequera. Aquests arbres sovint estan reservats al cultiu i plantació per a fer ombra i refugi.^[3]

Descripció

Port

Acacia pendula és un arbust o arbre de petita mida que pot arribar fins als 12 metres d'alçada.

Fulles

Té unes fulles de color gris platejat, compostes i bipinnades, estretament lanceolades, normalment corbades i amb 1 a 3 nervis més prominents que els altres. Estan densament envoltades d'una pilositat argentada que les cobreix completament.

Flors

Els seus glomèruls fan 12 mm de diàmetre amb les flors grogues i molt perfumades. Floreix de febrer a març.

Distribució i hàbitat

En el seu ambient natiu creix normalment en sòls al·luvials, sòls que han estat "rentats" per mars antics i que estan composts de grava, sorra, llims i argila. A la zona de Victòria hi creix també en zones d'argiles pesades. El seu hàbitat (principalment el costat occidental de la Gran Serralada Divisòria), s'interposa entre la precipitació anual de 400-600 mm.

Referències

Acacia pendula, commonly known as the weeping myall,^[1] true myall, myall, silver-leaf boree,^[2] boree,^[1] and nilyah,^[3] is a species of wattle, which is native to Australia. The 1889 book The Useful Native Plants of Australia records that common names included "Weeping Myall", "True Myall", and Indigenous people of western areas of New South Wales and Queensland referred to the plant as "Boree" and "Balaar".^[4]

Description

Acacia bark

The tree typically grows to a height of 5 to 13 m (16 to 43 ft)^[1] and a width of 4 to 6 m (13 to 20 ft)^[5] and has an erect, pendulous to spreading habit. It has hard fissured grey bark on the trunk and limbs. It has pendulous branches with angled or flattened branchlets that are covered in short fine hairs but becomes glabrous as it matures. The grey-green narrow phyllodes are about 4 to 14 cm (1.6 to 5.5 in) in length and 3 to 10 mm (0.12 to 0.39 in) wide and have a narrowly elliptic to very narrowly elliptic or sometimes narrowly oblong-elliptic shape and can be straight or curved The phyllodes have many longitudinal indistinct veins, a subacute apex with mucro and one gland near base.^[1] It flowers in the summer and autumn from around November to May and produces yellow flowers. The inflorescences mostly occur in groups of two to five on an axillary axis. The spherical flower-heads have a diameter of 3 to 7 mm (0.12 to 0.28 in) and contain 10 to 20 bright yellow flowers. The papery to leathery green seed pods that form after flowering are flat and straight to strongly curved and age to a brown colour. The pods are irregularly constricted between each seed and are 3 to 9 cm (1.2 to 3.5 in) in length and 10 to 20 mm (0.39 to 0.79 in).^[1] Seeds are often collected between October and January.^[3]

Taxonomy

The species was formally described by the botanist George Don in 1832 as part of the work A General History of Dichlamydeous Plants. It was reclassified as Racosperma pendulum by Leslie Pedley in 1987 then transferred back to genus Acacia in 2014.^[6] The specific epithet is in reference to the pendulous habit of the tree.^[1] It is derived from the Latin word pendere meaning to fall.^[3]

Distribution

It occurs naturally in dry outback areas in Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria. In New South Wales the tree has a disjunct but widespread throughout inland areas usually to the east of the upper Hunter Valley. It is often situated on major river floodplains growing as part of woodlands, sometimes as the dominant species, where it grows well in heavy clay soils.^[1] In all states it is found to the west of the Great Dividing Range growing in alluvial soils consisting of sand, gravel, silt and clay in areas that receive 400 to 600 mm (16 to 24 in) of annual rainfall.^[3]

Uses and cultivation

In The Useful Native Plants of Australia it was noted that "Stock are very fond of the leaves of this tree, especially in seasons of drought, and for this reason, and because they eat down the seedlings, it has almost become exterminated in parts of the colonies."^[4]

The tree is available commercially as seedlings^[5] or in seed form and has many desirable properties in areas of low rainfall since it is drought tolerant. It is also frost tolerant and will grow in heavy clay soils. It is useful as a shelter-tree or as a windbreak and attracts native birds, particularly parrots who use the seeds as a food source. The rhizobium nodules in the roots also assist in fixing nitrogen into the soil. The blue-grey foliage and weeping habit make it popular both domestically and in overseas cultivation, including in Iran and Kuwait.^[3]

See also

• List of Acacia species

References

• Australian National Botanic Gardens: Acacia pendula
• Department of Environment and Climate Change Threatened Species - Weeping Myall population in the Hunter catchment - profile
• "Acacia pendula". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.

L'Acacia pendula est un arbre du genre Acacia et de la famille des Fabacées originaire d'Australie. On le trouve dans l'outback du Queensland, de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud et du Victoria. C'est un arbre d'une dizaine de mètres de haut avec des branches tombantes et des feuilles étroites, longues de 10 centimètres.

Acacia pendula é uma espécie de leguminosa do gênero Acacia, pertencente à família Fabaceae.^[2]

Referências

Bibliografia

• Anthony E. Orchard & Annette J. G. Wilson: Flora of Australia: Mimosaceae Acacia, Band 11, Teil 1: Mimosaceae, Acacia, Csiro Publishing, 2001, 673 Seiten ISBN 978-0-643-05702-9
• Clement, B.A., Goff, C.M., Forbes, T.D.A. Toxic Amines and Alkaloids from Acacia rigidula, Phytochem. 1998, 49(5), 1377.
• Alexander Shulgin; Ann Shulgin, Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved, ISBN 978-0-9630096-9-2 (em inglês), OCLC 38503252, OL 26378027M, Wikidata Q2367117

Acacia pendula là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Đậu. Loài này được G.Don miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên.^[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

Liên kết ngoài

• Phương tiện liên quan tới Acacia pendula tại Wikimedia Commons
• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Acacia pendula tại Wikispecies

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