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It is now considered a pest species in Florida because of root suckering. Its identification may be confused by the practice of some Florida nurserymen of grafting scions of Casuarina glauca onto rootstocks from the other two species.
Casuarina glauca,[1] ye una especie de Casuarina nativa de la mariña esti d'Australia. Atopar dende'l centru de Queensland al sur de Nueva Gales del Sur. Naturalizóse nel Everglaes en Florida, onde se considera una meruxa.[2]
Les canesbes de la poliya Pernattia pusilla, alimentar de C. glauca.
C. glauca ye una planta actinorrícica que produz nódulos fijadores de nitróxenu de raigaños infestaos por Frankia. Hai un patrón regular de capes de célules que contienen flavanvos.[3] Anque nun ye una lleguminosa, C. glauca, produz una hemoglobina (non una leghemoglobina ) nos sos nódulos de los raigaños simbióticos.[4]
Casuarina glauca describióse por Sieber ex Spreng. y espublizóse en Systema Vegetabilium, editio decima sesta 3: 803. 1826.[5]
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Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. Casuarina glauca, ye una especie de Casuarina nativa de la mariña esti d'Australia. Atopar dende'l centru de Queensland al sur de Nueva Gales del Sur. Naturalizóse nel Everglaes en Florida, onde se considera una meruxa.
Les canesbes de la poliya Pernattia pusilla, alimentar de C. glauca.
Casuarina glauca, commonly known as swamp she-oak, swamp buloke, swamp she-oak, marsh sheoak, grey she-oak, grey she-oak[2] or guman by the Gadigal people,[3] is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a dioecious tree that often forms root suckers and has fissured and scaly bark, spreading or drooping branchlets, the leaves reduced to scales in whorls of 12 to 20, the fruit 9–18 mm (0.35–0.71 in) long containing winged seeds (samaras) 3.5–5.0 mm (0.14–0.20 in) long.
Casuarina glauca is a dioecious tree that typically grows to a height of 8–20 m (26–66 ft), sometimes to 35 m (115 ft), rarely a shrub to about 2 m (6 ft 7 in), and that often forms root suckers. The bark is greyish brown, fissured and scaly. The branchlets are sometimes drooping, up to 380 mm (15 in) long, the leaves reduced to scale-like teeth about 0.6–0.9 mm (0.024–0.035 in) long, arranged in whorls of usually 12 to 17 around the branchlets, and long and curved back when young. The sections of branchlet between the leaf whorls (the "articles") are 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in) long and 0.9–1.2 mm (0.035–0.047 in) wide. Male flowers are arranged in spikes 12–40 mm (0.47–1.57 in) long in whorls of 7 to 10 per centimetre (per 0.39 in.) the anthers about 0.8 mm (0.031 in) long. The female cones are on a peduncle 3–12 mm (0.12–0.47 in) long and sparsely covered with soft, white to rust-coloured hairs when young. Mature cones are 9–18 mm (0.35–0.71 in) long and 7–9 mm (0.28–0.35 in) in diameter, the samaras 3.5–5.0 mm (0.14–0.20 in) long.[2][3][4][5]
Casuarina glauca was first formally described in 1826 by Kurt Sprengel in Systema Vegetabilium from an unpublished description by Franz Sieber.[6][7] The specific epithet (glauca) means "glaucous".[8]
The Kabi name for the plant, bilai, was used for the town and locality of Bli Bli, Queensland.[9][10]
This species is closely related to C. cunninghamiana,[11] and hybrids with C. cunninghamiana subsp. cunninghamiana have been recorded where the two species co-occur, such as at Lower Portland and Wisemans Ferry.[3][12]
Swamp she-oak is found along Australia's east coast from Yeppoon in central Queensland to Bermagui in southern New South Wales.[2] Some stands within the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney predate European settlement.[12] Populations along the New South Wales coastline are at risk due to clearing of habitat for development.[3] It has become highly invasive in Florida.[12]
Casuarina glauca grows in or near brackish water along the banks of rivers and estuaries. Suckering from the roots, the swamp oak can form dense stands of trees.[2] It grows on alluvial soils of sandstone or shale origin. The water table lies 30 cm or less under the surface. This tree then acts to turn shallows into land by preventing erosion and collecting material among its roots.[12]
C. glauca is an actinorhizal plant producing root nitrogen-fixing nodules infested by Frankia. There is a regular pattern of cell layers containing flavans.[13] Although not a legume, C. glauca, produces a hemoglobin (not a leghemoglobin) in its symbiotic root nodules.[14]
The rat's tail orchid (Dendrobium teretifolium) grows on the swamp oak.[12]
It has become naturalised in the Everglades in Florida where it is considered a weed.[15]
Casuarina glauca trees can live to 100 to 200 years.[12]
Trees regenerate after fire by growing from the roots. Cut stumps sprout suckers vigorously, producing groves of new trees.[12] Casuarina glauca trees drop large amounts of litter, mainly old cones and branchlets, which eventually rots down and enriches the soil unless removed by a flood event.[16]
Understory plants recorded from swamp oak groves include Juncus kraussii, Baumea juncea and Sporobolus virginicus on sandier soils and Apium prostratum, Carex appressa, Goodenia ovata, Juncus kraussii and Phragmites australis and the vine Parsonsia straminea on clay soils.[16]
Glossy black cockatoos break the cones to eat the seeds, which mature in winter.[16] The seed is eaten by the red-browed finch,[17] and peaceful dove (Geopelia placida).[18]
Casuarina glauca has been planted widely as a street tree in Canberra.[19] It was introduced to Haiti to stabilise the soil and to be used as timber for poles, and to Florida where it was planted as an ornamental plant and windbreak.[12]
The bark has been used to plant orchids on.[8]
It tolerates waterlogged soils and even soils with some salinity. A significant inconvenience in urban settings is that its roots can invade underground water and sewer pipes if these are within 15 m (50 ft) of the tree.[19] It can also acidify acid sulphate soils as it lowers the water table.[20]
Two prostrate forms are commercially available: Casuarina 'Cousin It' is a cultivar arising from material from Booderee National Park on the New South Wales south coast collected in 1989 and named for its resemblance to Cousin Itt,[21] and C. ‘Kattang Karpet’ is propagated by the Australian Botanic Garden from material collected at Kattang Nature Reserve on the New South Wales mid-north coast in 1998.[22]
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New growth 
Cones and samaras Casuarina glauca, commonly known as swamp she-oak, swamp buloke, swamp she-oak, marsh sheoak, grey she-oak, grey she-oak or guman by the Gadigal people, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a dioecious tree that often forms root suckers and has fissured and scaly bark, spreading or drooping branchlets, the leaves reduced to scales in whorls of 12 to 20, the fruit 9–18 mm (0.35–0.71 in) long containing winged seeds (samaras) 3.5–5.0 mm (0.14–0.20 in) long.
Casuarina glauca[1] es una especie de Casuarina nativa de la costa este de Australia. Se encuentra desde el centro de Queensland al sur de Nueva Gales del Sur. Se ha naturalizado en el Everglades en Florida, donde se considera una mala hierba.[2]
Las larvas de la polilla Pernattia pusilla, se alimentan de C. glauca.
C. glauca es una planta actinorrícica que produce nódulos fijadores de nitrógeno en raíces infestadas por Frankia. Hay un patrón regular de capas de células que contienen flavanos.[3] Aunque no es una leguminosa, C. glauca, produce una hemoglobina (no una leghemoglobina) en sus nódulos de las raíces simbióticas.[4]
Casuarina glauca fue descrito por Sieber ex Spreng. y publicado en Systema Vegetabilium, editio decima sexta 3: 803. 1826.[5]
Casuarina glauca es una especie de Casuarina nativa de la costa este de Australia. Se encuentra desde el centro de Queensland al sur de Nueva Gales del Sur. Se ha naturalizado en el Everglades en Florida, donde se considera una mala hierba.
Las larvas de la polilla Pernattia pusilla, se alimentan de C. glauca.
Casuarina glauca est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Casuarinaceae poussant sur la côte est de l'Australie. On le trouve depuis le centre du sud du Queensland au sud de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud. Il s'est acclimaté dans les Everglades en Floride, où il est considéré comme une mauvaise herbe.
Il se présente soit sous forme d'arbre, soit sous forme de buisson, soit sous forme de plante rampante.
Graines
Casuarina glauca est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Casuarinaceae poussant sur la côte est de l'Australie. On le trouve depuis le centre du sud du Queensland au sud de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud. Il s'est acclimaté dans les Everglades en Floride, où il est considéré comme une mauvaise herbe.
Il se présente soit sous forme d'arbre, soit sous forme de buisson, soit sous forme de plante rampante.
Casuarina glauca Sieber é uma espécie de arbusto do género Casuarina[1] nativo da costa leste da Austrália. Está naturalizado nos Everglades da Flórida, onde é considerada uma espécie invasora.[2]
C. glauca é uma planta actinorrízica cujas raízes produzem nódulos fixadores de azoto em simbiose com bactérias do género Frankia.
Os nódulos radiclares de C. glauca apresentam um padrão regular de camadas celulares que contêm flavanos.[3] Apesar de não ser uma leguminosa, C. glauca produz uma hemoglobina (não a leg-hemoglobina) nos seus nódulos radiculares.[4]
A larva da traça Pernattia pusilla alimenta-se de C. glauca.
Casuarina glauca Sieber é uma espécie de arbusto do género Casuarina nativo da costa leste da Austrália. Está naturalizado nos Everglades da Flórida, onde é considerada uma espécie invasora.
Casuarina glauca là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Casuarinaceae. Loài này được Sieber ex Spreng. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1826.[1]
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Casuarina glauca là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Casuarinaceae. Loài này được Sieber ex Spreng. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1826.
粗枝木麻黄（学名：Casuarina glauca）是木麻黄科木麻黄属的植物。分布于台湾岛、澳大利亚以及中国大陆的福建、广东等地，多生于海岸沼泽地至内陆地区，目前已由人工引种栽培。
蓝枝木麻黄（广州植物志） 坚木麻黄（福建） 银木麻黄、长叶木麻黄
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