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Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link

Comments ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Contrary to D. B. Lellinger's (1985) hypothesis, isozyme data indicate that neither Pellaea glabella nor P . ternifolia was involved in the origin of this apogamous triploid. Instead, it appears that P . atropurpurea is an autopolyploid derivative of a single diploid taxon that has not yet been located. A thorough survey of spore number per sporangium in this species should be undertaken to determine whether the diploid progenitor is still extant. Collections from western Canada identified as P . atropurpurea actually represent P . gastonyi , an apogamous tetraploid produced by hybridization between P . atropurpurea and diploid populations of P . glabella . Pellaea atropurpurea has also hybridized with P . wrightiana ; the hybrid is a rare apogamous pentaploid known only from western Oklahoma. Pellaea lyngholmii is the apogamous tetraploid hybrid between P . atropurpurea and P . truncata . Pellaea atropurpurea is distinguished from all these hybrids by having rachises that are densely pubescent adaxially, larger ultimate segments, and spores averaging less than 62 µm in diameter.
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direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Stems compact, ascending, stout, 5--10 mm diam.; scales uniformly reddish brown (or tan), linear-subulate, 0.1--0.3 mm wide, thin, margins entire to denticulate. Leaves somewhat dimorphic, sterile leaves shorter and less divided than fertile leaves, clustered on stems, 5--50 cm; croziers villous. Petiole reddish purple to nearly black, lustrous, rounded adaxially, without prominent articulation lines. Blade elongate-deltate, usually 2-pinnate proximally, 2--18 cm wide; rachis reddish purple throughout, straight, rounded adaxially, densely pubescent adaxially with short, curly, appressed hairs. Pinnae perpendicular to rachis or ascending, not decurrent on rachis, usually with 3--15 ultimate segments; costae straight, 10--100 mm, often longer than ultimate segments. Ultimate segments linear-oblong, 10--75 mm, leathery, sparsely villous abaxially near midrib; margins weakly recurved to plane on fertile segments, usually covering less than 1/2 abaxial surface, borders whitish, crenulate; apex obtuse to slightly mucronate. Veins of ultimate segments obscure. Sporangia long-stalked, containing 32 spores, not intermixed with farina-producing glands. n = 2 n = 87, apogamous.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Ont., Que.; Ala., Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., Nev., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Mexico; Central America in Guatemala.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Habitat ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Sporulating summer--fall. Calcareous cliffs and rocky slopes, usually on limestone; 100--2500m.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Synonym ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Pteris atropurpurea Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1076. 1753; Pellaea atropurpurea var. cristata Trelease
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Pellaea atropurpurea ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Pellaea atropurpurea, commonly known as purple-stem cliffbrake or just purple cliffbrake, is a fern native to North and Central America. Brake is an old word for fern, related to the word bracken. Like many other members of the Pteridaceae, it is a rock plant, needing a calcareous substrate.

P. atropurpurea is an apogamous autotriploid, with 3n=87 (actual base number, n=29), and is one of the historical parents of the hybrid species complex, Pellaea glabella. Apogamy, or the ability to reproduce non-sexually, is common among rock ferns in the Pteridaceae.

Description

This fern produces clumps of widely arching fronds. The stipe and rachis of the blade are purple, while the blade itself has a blue-gray tinge to it. The upper pinnae are long, narrow, and undivided, while the lower ones are divided into 3–15 pinnules. The pinnae are, for the most part, opposite. Fertile fronds are longer and more heavily divided. They produce sori, which lack a true indusium, within the inrolled margins of the pinnae.

This plant may be distinguished from the similar Pellaea glabella by its larger form and by the presence of hairs on the leaf axis (the main leaf stem) and on the underside of the leaflet midribs, which are absent in Pellaea glabella (as reflected in its common name smooth cliffbrake).

Ecology

Pellaea atropurpurea grows in the crevices of dry limestone cliffs, rocky slopes, crevices in alvars,[2] and mortared walls. It is endangered in Florida, Iowa, and Rhode Island. It has become extinct in Louisiana since the limestone caprock of a salt dome at Winfield, the only location for the fern in the state, was quarried away.[3]

References

  1. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Pellaea atropurpurea Purple-stem Cliffbrake". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  2. ^ Catling, P.M.; Brownell, V.R. (1999). "Alvars of the Great Lakes Region". In Anderson, R. C.; Fralish, J. S.; Baskin, J. M. (eds.). Savannas, Barrens and Rock Outcrop Communities of North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 375–391.
  3. ^ Moore, David (Spring 2013). "The limestone hill at Winnfield Louisiana" (PDF). Louisiana Native Plant Society Newsletter. 27 (2): 5–7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-10. Retrieved 2013-11-10.
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Wikipedia authors and editors
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Pellaea atropurpurea: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Pellaea atropurpurea, commonly known as purple-stem cliffbrake or just purple cliffbrake, is a fern native to North and Central America. Brake is an old word for fern, related to the word bracken. Like many other members of the Pteridaceae, it is a rock plant, needing a calcareous substrate.

P. atropurpurea is an apogamous autotriploid, with 3n=87 (actual base number, n=29), and is one of the historical parents of the hybrid species complex, Pellaea glabella. Apogamy, or the ability to reproduce non-sexually, is common among rock ferns in the Pteridaceae.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia EN

Pellaea atropurpurea ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

Pellaea atropurpurea, es una especie de helecho de la familia botánica Pteridaceae, subfamilia Cheilanthoideae; Pellaea es un género de cerca de 35 especies distribuidas regiones templadas y subtropicales, es un género algo complicado pues sus límites no están bien diferenciados, está estrechamente relacionado con Cheilanthes, Mildella y Cheiloplecton; en México ocurren 15 especies; el nombre del género (Pellaea), proviene del griego “pellos”, que significa ‘oscuro’, la especie (P. atropurpurea), hace referencia al color púrpura obscuro de la planta. Pellaea atropurpurea fue descrita por Carlos Linneo Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link y publicado en Filicum Species 59. 1841.[2]

Clasificación y descripción

Rizoma: corto, compacto de hasta 8 mm de diámetro, con escamas de hasta 6 mm de largo; frondes: de hasta 50 cm de largo, subdimórficos; pecíolo: de 1/4 a 1/2 del largo de la fronda, de color púrpura oscuro, de forma prismática cuadrangular, con pelillos dispersos; lámina: de forma elongada-deltada, de hasta 25 x 18 cm, bipinnada o raramente solo pinnada; pinnas: con un peciolo de hasta 15 mm, las pinnas cerca del ápice son entras mientras que las de la base de la lámina son pinnadas, con algunos pelillos dispersos, los últimos segmentos (pínnulas) son de forma linear y de consistencia firme; soros: de forma elongada, en los márgenes de los segmentos (pínnulas); indusio: muy delgado, en los márgenes de los segmentos (pínnulas); esporas 32 por esporangio.[2][3]

Pellaea atropurpurea es un triploide apogámico con 2n=87, basado en conteos de numerosas localidades (Smith, 1981). Plantas de México, con hojas 1-pinnadas y pinnas casi lineares aparentemente representan un taxón apogámico tetraploide (2n=116) no descrito, resultante de la hibridación entre P. atropurpurea triploide y P. notabilis Maxon diploide, esta última especie del noreste de México (Gastony y Windham, 1989).

Distribución

Se encuentra en crestas expuestas o sombreadas, grietas de roca, paredes de cañón; ocasionalmente en taludes de los caminos, a una altitud de 900-2500 msnm, en Canadá, Estados Unidos, México y Guatemala.[4]

Ambiente

Es una planta terrestre, prefiere sitios algo sombreados y húmedos en bosques de encinos, pino y mixtos.[5]

Estado de conservación

No se encuentra bajo algún estatus de protección.

Referencias

  1. Pellaea atropurpurea en PlantList
  2. a b Pellaea atropurpurea en Trópicos
  3. Mickel J.T. y A.R. Smith. 2004. The pteridophytes of . Vols. I y II. The New Cork Botanical Garden Press. Estados Unidos de América. Pp 1030.
  4. Villarreal Quintanilla, J.A. y E. Estrada Castillón. 2008. Flora de Nuevo León. Listados florísticos de México, XXIV. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 153 p.p.
  5. Velazco Macías, C. G. 2009. Flora del estado de Nuevo León: diversidad y análisis espacio-temporal. Tesis doctoral. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. 272 p.p.

 title=
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Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia ES

Pellaea atropurpurea: Brief Summary ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

Pellaea atropurpurea, es una especie de helecho de la familia botánica Pteridaceae, subfamilia Cheilanthoideae; Pellaea es un género de cerca de 35 especies distribuidas regiones templadas y subtropicales, es un género algo complicado pues sus límites no están bien diferenciados, está estrechamente relacionado con Cheilanthes, Mildella y Cheiloplecton; en México ocurren 15 especies; el nombre del género (Pellaea), proviene del griego “pellos”, que significa ‘oscuro’, la especie (P. atropurpurea), hace referencia al color púrpura obscuro de la planta. Pellaea atropurpurea fue descrita por Carlos Linneo Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link y publicado en Filicum Species 59. 1841.​

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cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia ES

Pellaea atropurpurea ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Pellaea atropurpurea est une espèce de fougères de la famille des Pteridaceae.

Liste des sous-espèces, variétés et formes

Selon Tropicos (29 mai 2013)[1] (Attention liste brute contenant possiblement des synonymes) :

  • sous-espèce Pellaea atropurpurea unranked glabella (Mett. ex Kuhn) F.C. Gates
  • variété Pellaea atropurpurea var. atropurpurea
  • variété Pellaea atropurpurea var. bushii Mack. & Bush
  • variété Pellaea atropurpurea var. cristata Trel.
  • variété Pellaea atropurpurea var. occidentalis E.E. Nelson
  • variété Pellaea atropurpurea var. simplex (Butters) C.V. Morton
  • forme Pellaea atropurpurea fo. atropurpurea
  • forme Pellaea atropurpurea fo. cristata Clute
  • forme Pellaea atropurpurea fo. glabella Clute

Notes et références

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Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
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wikipedia FR

Pellaea atropurpurea: Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Pellaea atropurpurea est une espèce de fougères de la famille des Pteridaceae.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia FR

Pellaea atropurpurea ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Pellaea atropurpurea is een rotsvaren uit de lintvarenfamilie (Pteridaceae), afkomstig uit Noord- en Midden-Amerika.

Hij wordt weleens aangeplant in rotstuinen, ook in Europa.

Naamgeving en etymologie

  • Synoniemen: Pteris atropurpurea L. (1753), Pellaea atropurpurea var. cristata Trelease
  • Engels: Purple-stem cliffbrake, Purple cliffbrake
  • Frans: Pelléade à stipe pourpre

De botanische naam Pellaea is afgeleid van het Oudgriekse πελλός (pellos), donker, naar de donkere, grijsgroene bladen. De soortaanduiding atropurpurea is afkomstig van het Latijnse 'ater' (zwart, donker) en 'purpurea' (purper), naar de kleur van de bladsteel.

Kenmerken

Pellaea atropurpurea is een varen met een korte, rechtopstaande rizoom bezet met lineaire, roodbruine schubben. De bladen staan in bundels, zijn tot 50 cm lang en dimorf, de trofofyllen of steriele bladen korter en minder ingesneden dan de sporofyllen. De bladsteel is glanzend purperrood tot bijna zwart en aan de bovenzijde afgerond. De bladschijf is smal driehoekig, onderaan het blad dubbel geveerd, aan de top enkel geveerd. De bladspil is purperrood en aan de bovenzijde dicht bezet met aanliggende, korte, gekrulde haren. De lancetvormige tot lijnvormige bladslipjes staan parallel aan de bladspil en zijn tot 10 cm lang, leerachtig, aan de bovenzijde blauwgroen, onbehaard, aan de onderzijde spaarzaam behaard tegen de middennerf.

De sporenhoopjes staan langs de rand van de blaadjes aan de uiteinden van de nerven en worden beschermd door de over de ganse lengte omgekrulde bladranden, zogenaamde pseudo-indusia, die gegolfd en vliesachtig zijn. De sporendoosjes zijn langgesteeld.

Taxonomie en fylogenie

P. atropurpurea is een apogame (ongeslachtelijke voorplanting) triploïde plant (3n=87, basis n=29). De diploïde voorouder is tot nog toe onbekend. P. atropurpurea zou op zijn beurt één van de voorouders zijn van de hybride Pellaea glabella.

Habitat en verspreiding

P. atropurpurea is een lithofytische varen die een voorkeur heeft voor droge, kalkrijke kliffen, rotsen en oude muren.

Hij komt voor in Noord-Amerika van Alaska tot Mexico en in Guatemala.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
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Pellaea atropurpurea: Brief Summary ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Pellaea atropurpurea is een rotsvaren uit de lintvarenfamilie (Pteridaceae), afkomstig uit Noord- en Midden-Amerika.

Hij wordt weleens aangeplant in rotstuinen, ook in Europa.

licença
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direitos autorais
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia NL

Pellaea atropurpurea ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Pellaea atropurpurea L. Link là một loài thực vật có mạch trong họ Adiantaceae. Loài này được (L.) Link miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1841.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Pellaea atropurpurea. Truy cập ngày 12 tháng 8 năm 2013.

Tham khảo


Bài viết liên quan đến Họ Nguyệt xỉ này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
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Pellaea atropurpurea: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Pellaea atropurpurea L. Link là một loài thực vật có mạch trong họ Adiantaceae. Loài này được (L.) Link miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1841.

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Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
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site do parceiro
wikipedia VI