Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm.

This is a common species in W. Pakistan from 1-3000 m.

Plants 20–40(–50) cm high. Leaf petiole to 5 cm; blade ovate-oblong, 4–10 × 2.5–5 cm; pinnae 1–2.5 × 0.5–1 cm. Peduncles stout, 6–9 cm; bracts (3–)4–5, lanceolate, 5–12 mm, margin white-scarious; rays 2–5, 3–4 cm; bracteoles ca. 5, ovate, 5–8 mm, margin white-scarious. Umbellules comprise 3–4 bisexual and 3–4 staminate flowers. Fruit ca. 10 × 5 mm. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

Plants 10-30 cm tall, hirsute. Leaves pinnate, hirsute, 5-10 cm long; segments oval, 1-5 cm long, pinnatifid to pinnatipartite; leaf bases sheathing. Involucre of 1-5 membranous white, linear to lanceolate bracts or lacking. Rays 2-5, hirsute. Involucel of 5 lanceolate to oval, white, pubescent bractlets. Calyx teeth evident. Petals white to rose coloured. Stylopodium conical; styles short. Fruit c. 1 cm long, spiny; spines barbed; 7 primary and secondary ridges with 1-3 rows of spines, the dorsal and the intermediate ridges larger than the secondary; the lateral ridges on the commissural surface with a row of spines or tubercles.

W Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russia; NW Africa, C and SW Asia, C, S, and W Europe].

Distribution: Europe, North Africa, Iran, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Himalayas in India and W. Pakistan.

Ruderal weed of roadsides, waste places, and ditches; ca. 2000 m.

Caucalis latifolia L. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. 2: 205. 1767
Tordylium lalifolium L. Sp. PI. 240. 1753.
Turgenia lalifolia Hoffm. Gen. Umbell 59. 1814.
Daucus latifolius Baillon, Hist. PI. 7: 193. 1S79.
Daucus Turgenia E. H. L. Krause in Sturm, El. Deuts. ed. 2. 12: 158. 1904. Rather stout, 2-6 dm. high, more or less hispid throughout; leaves oblong to ovate in general outline, excluding the petioles 4-16 cm. long, 2.5-1 1 cm. broad, pinnate, the leaflets oblong to linear, obtuse, at least the upper confluent by a narrowly winged rachis, 1-8 cm. long, 5-20 mm. broad, coarsely and remotely dentate or lobed; petioles 2-4 cm. long, with a short scariousmargined sheath; peduncles stout, 2-12 cm. long; involucre of several scarious, lanceolate, acuminate, entire bracts, 5-12 mm. long; involucel of several ovate to obovate, conspicuously scarious-margined, entire bractlets, 5-8 mm. long, shorter than the fruit; rays 2-4, ascending to divaricate, 2-4.5 cm. long; pedicels 1-2, stout, spreading, 2-5 mm. long; flowers white or rose-colored; fruit oblong, 10-12 mm. long, 5-7 mm. broad, armed with rows of hooked bristles.
Type locality: "Habitat in Gallia, Ttalia," collector unknown. Distribution: Introduced from Europe into Pennsylvania and Oregon.