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Protea madiensis ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Protea madiensis, commonly known as the tall woodland sugarbush,[5] is a flowering shrub which belongs to the genus Protea.[3][5] It is native to the montane grasslands of Sub-Saharan Africa.

Taxonomy

Protea madiensis was first described as a new species in a 1875 publication by the Linnean Society of London (read before the society in 1871) by Daniel Oliver, who described the new taxon from a specimen brought forth from the Speke and Grant expedition to find the source of the Nile. This specimen was collected by James Augustus Grant in December, 1862, when the trees were in full bloom, at a place called 'Madi' (see Madi people), hence the specific epithet ('from Madi'). Grant states in his notes that he encountered it for the first time here.[2][6]

The synonym Protea bequaertii was described from the Belgian Congo.

In the first half of the 20th century botanists believed that there were four different Protea species occurring contemptuously together with each other in West Africa: P. argyrophaea, P. elliottii, P. madiensis and P. occidentalis. P. argyrophaea was the name for a smallish, shrubby plant, with silvery-white bracts subtending the inflorescence as opposed to pinkish as ascribed to P. madiensis by Hutchinson and Dalziel at the time (1954).[3] In 1963 John Stanley Beard synonymised the first three taxa under the oldest name, P. madiensis.[7]

Subspecies

At present, Protea madiensis has two accepted subspecies, the nominate eastern form, and the western form, subspecies occidentalis.[3][8] It is impossible to distinguish the two taxa from each other using vegetative characteristics; instead, the two taxa can be distinguished by two details of the floral parts.[7]

  • P. madiensis subsp. madiensis Oliv. - This subspecies was originally said to occur from Senegal to Ethiopia in the north, to Angola, Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia in the south.[3][7][8] The trees found growing in southern Nigeria are also seen as belonging to the nominate form.[3][8] It is very variable over its range in leaf form and shape.[3][7]
  • P. madiensis subsp. occidentalis (Beard) Chisumpa & Brummitt - This taxon was originally described as found growing in the area from Guinea to Mali in the north, south to Sierra Leone, Benin and Cameroon.[4][7] It is sympatric with the nominate form throughout its range. According to Beard in his original 1963 description of the taxon as P. occidentalis, a species independent of P. madiensis, it primarily differs from the nominate form in that the corolla, including outer lobes, is shorter, less than 1.5cm, and the floral tube, into which form the Protea flower has evolved, is glabrous or ciliated, as opposed to entirely pubescent.[7]

Distribution

This is one of the four most common Protea species in tropical Africa.[9]

References

  1. ^ Martínez Richart, A.I. (2020). "Protea madiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T113210729A113311712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T113210729A113311712.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Protea madiensis". International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries and Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Protea madiensis Oliv". Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  4. ^ a b "Protea madiensis subsp. occidentalis (Beard) Chisumpa & Brummitt". Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  5. ^ a b "Protea madiensis (Tall woodland sugarbush)". Biodiversity Explorer. Iziko - Museums of South Africa. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
  6. ^ Grant, James Augustus; Oliver, Daniel (1875). "The Botany of the Speke and Grant Expedition, an Enumeration of the plants collected..." Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 29 (3): 143. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Geerling, Chris (15 July 1982). "Guide de Terrain des Ligneux Sahéliens et Soudano-Guinéens". Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen (in French). 82 (3): 262, 263, 265.
  8. ^ a b c Hyde, Mark A.; Wursten, Bart T.; Ballings, Petra; Coates Palgrave, Meg (2020). "Protea madiensis Oliv. subsp. madiensis". Flora of Mozambique. Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  9. ^ Beard, John Stanley (January 1963). "The Genus Protea in Tropical Africa". Kirkia. 3: 139. JSTOR 23500817.
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Protea madiensis: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Protea madiensis, commonly known as the tall woodland sugarbush, is a flowering shrub which belongs to the genus Protea. It is native to the montane grasslands of Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Protea madiensis ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

Protea madiensis es una especie de arbusto perteneciente a la familia Proteaceae. Es originaria de Sudáfrica.

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Semillas

Descripción

Es un arbusto ramificado o árbol que alcanza un tamaño de 1-4 (-6) m de alto; el tallo principal con 12 cm de diámetro, de corteza gruesa, negra, fisurada; con ramas jóvenes pubescentes, convirtiéndose ± rojo glabra y oxidada.

Ecología

Se encuentra en pastizales a una altitud de 1500-2280 metros; a veces en miombo, a 500-1500 m alt. (-1.900 M, Kenia; -2.100 m, Ruanda).[1]

Taxonomía

Protea madiensis fue descrito por Daniel Oliver (botánico) y publicado en Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 29: 143, t. 92. 1875.[2]

Etimología

Protea: nombre genérico que fue creado en 1735 por Carlos Linneo en honor al dios de la mitología griega Proteo que podía cambiar de forma a voluntad, dado que las proteas tienen muchas formas diferentes.

madiensis: epíteto

Variedades aceptadas
Sinonimia
  • Protea argyrophaea Hutch.
  • Protea elliottii C.H.Wright
  • Protea elliottii var. angustifolia Keay
  • Protea madiensis var. elliottii (C.H.Wright) Beard
  • Protea madiensis subsp. madiensis[3]

Referencias

  1. «Protea madiensis». Conservatorio y Jardín Botánico de Ginebra: Flora africana. Consultado el 15 de enero de 2015.
  2. «Protea madiensis». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 14 de enero de 2015.
  3. Protea madiensis en PlantList

 title=
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wikipedia ES

Protea madiensis: Brief Summary ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

Protea madiensis es una especie de arbusto perteneciente a la familia Proteaceae. Es originaria de Sudáfrica.

 src= Semillas
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Protea madiensis ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Protea madiensis est un grand arbuste, ou petit arbre, de la famille des proteaceae. Il pousse en Afrique tropicale.

Description

Il peut atteindre une hauteur de 4 mètres et son tronc peut mesurer jusqu’à 12 cm de diamètre[3].

Sa présence est connue du Sénégal au Cameroun[4], mais aussi de la Guinée à l’Ethiopie, ainsi qu’en Angola, Malawi, Mozambique et Zambie[3].

Son habitat se situe dans les savanes des hautes et basses terres, dans les prairies des hautes terres à partir de 1500-2280 mètres d’altitude et parfois dans les forêts à partir de 500-1500 mètres d’altitude[3].

Ses feuilles elliptiques (étroites à larges), sont ovales ou subovales et peuvent atteindre jusqu’à 21x11 cm.

Les têtes de fleurs terminales mesurent entre 10 et 17 cm de diamètre. Les bractées sont pales et varient du crème au brun, souvent avec du rose aux pointes.

Les fleurs sont de couleur crème et la base du périanthe est velue.

La floraison se situe en seconde partie de la saison sèche[4].

La propagation s’effectue par les graines[3].

Utilité

Il s’agit d’une plantes à insectes et plus particulièrement à abeilles.

De son bois sont fabriqués des manches d’outil et de la petite menuiserie[5].

D’un point de vue médicinal, l’écorce de la tige est utilisée contre la diarrhée et la dysenterie[3].

L’écorce sert à soigner l’aménorrhée, le paludisme, la fièvre et les céphalées.

Les feuilles sont utiles pour le traitement externe des fractures, et les racines pour l’épilepsie[4].

Notes et références

  1. « IPNI Plant Name Details », sur www.ipni.org (consulté le 14 août 2017)
  2. « IPNI Plant Name Details », sur www.ipni.org (consulté le 14 août 2017)
  3. a b c d et e « http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Protea+madiensis »
  4. a b et c Michel Arbonnier, Arbres, arbustes et lianes des zones sèches d'Afrique de l'Ouest, Editions Quae, 13 mars 2009 (ISBN 978-2-7592-0980-4, lire en ligne)
  5. « http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.upwta.4_755 »

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wikipedia FR

Protea madiensis: Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Protea madiensis est un grand arbuste, ou petit arbre, de la famille des proteaceae. Il pousse en Afrique tropicale.

licença
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Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
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Protea madiensis ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI
Tango style Wikipedia Icon.svg
Đây là một bài mồ côi vì không có hoặc có ít bài khác liên kết đến nó.
Xin hãy tạo liên kết đến bài này trong các bài của các chủ đề liên quan. (tháng 7 2018)


Protea madiensis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Quắn hoa. Loài này được Oliv. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1875.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Protea madiensis. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết họ Quắn hoa này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Protea madiensis: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI


Protea madiensis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Quắn hoa. Loài này được Oliv. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1875.

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Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
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site do parceiro
wikipedia VI