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Barteria fistulosa is a species of tree in the family Passifloraceae, native to tropical Central Africa. The tree has an association with an aggressive species of ant with a very painful sting, which lives in its hollow branches and twigs, and gives rise to its common name of "ant tree".[1]
Barteria fistulosa is a small evergreen tree growing to a height of about 13 m (40 ft). It has a deep taproot, multiple trunks and spreading horizontal branches which are hollow. The leaves alternate are simple, slightly overlapping and borne on short flattened stalks. The leaf blades are glossy green, oblong, and widest just beyond the mid-point, and have entire margins and a slight notch at the apex. The tiny, regular, white flowers form an arc of five flowers around the leaf bases and are followed by small globular fruits.[2]
Barteria fistulosa can be found in tropical Central Africa, its range extending from Nigeria to the Democratic Republic of Congo. It grows in moist mixed terra firma forest,[2] where it forms part of the understory. It is also found in gallery forests, secondary forests, glades and clearings. The seedlings can tolerate deep shade.[3]
Barteria fistulosa has a symbiotic relationship with the very aggressive ant Tetraponera aethiops, which makes its home in the hollow twigs and branches (known as domatia) and defends the tree against herbivores. This ant lives exclusively on B. fistulosa; each ant colony has a single queen and the ants feed on nectar produced by the tree in extra-floral nectaries, and on the honeydew produced by scale insects that they tend inside their domatia.[4] Elephants like to feed on the foliage of this tree, but their trunks are likely to be very sensitive to attacks by the ant. As well as deterring herbivores, the ants remove pieces of debris from the surface of the leaves, carrying them to the edge of the blade before dropping them off.[2]
Several parts of this tree are used in traditional medicine; the roots, bark and leaves are used to reduce fevers and pains; a decoction of the bark has various uses and the sap helps with the healing of wounds; some parts of the tree are used against snake bites and epilepsy; and the young shoots are thought to have aphrodisiac properties.[3]
Barteria fistulosa is a species of tree in the family Passifloraceae, native to tropical Central Africa. The tree has an association with an aggressive species of ant with a very painful sting, which lives in its hollow branches and twigs, and gives rise to its common name of "ant tree".
Le Barteria fistulosa est un arbuste à tronc creux de la famille des Passifloraceae vivant dans les forêts équatoriales en Afrique centrale (Gabon, Cameroun). Il vit, entre autres, en symbiose avec des fourmis du genre Tetraponera.
Une reine ailée Tetraponera, provenant d'une autre colonie, s'installera seule dans le Barteria fistulosa et creusera un trou dans une branche jusqu'à atteindre la cavité centrale, arrachera ses ailes et le colonisera définitivement. Fécondée en vol par un mâle, elle pondra puis s'occupera de la première génération d'ouvrières.
Ses branches creuses abritent à l'intérieur de domaties l'espèce Tetraponera aethiops, fourmi agressive qui défend la plante contre les herbivores (singes, éléphants) en se laissant tomber sur ces prédateurs et en les piquant (de nombreuses piqûres pouvant provoquer des évanouissements et la mort). Autrefois, des populations locales d'Afrique centrale utilisaient cet arbre pour punir les femmes adultères en les attachant à son tronc, d'où son nom d'« arbre à adultère »[1].
Le Barteria fistulosa est un arbuste à tronc creux de la famille des Passifloraceae vivant dans les forêts équatoriales en Afrique centrale (Gabon, Cameroun). Il vit, entre autres, en symbiose avec des fourmis du genre Tetraponera.
Une reine ailée Tetraponera, provenant d'une autre colonie, s'installera seule dans le Barteria fistulosa et creusera un trou dans une branche jusqu'à atteindre la cavité centrale, arrachera ses ailes et le colonisera définitivement. Fécondée en vol par un mâle, elle pondra puis s'occupera de la première génération d'ouvrières.
Barteria fistulosa je biljka iz porodice Passifloraceae, roda Barteria. [2]
Mirmekofitno je drvo i živi u simbioznoj zajednici s mravljom vrstom Pachysima aethiops,[3]
Raste u Gabonu (Estuaire, Moyen-Ogooue, Ngounie, Ogooue-Ivindo, Ogooue-Maritime), Srednjoafričkoj Republici (Sangha Economique), Republici Kongu, Ekvatorskoj Gvineji (Bioko Norte), istočnom Kamerunu, Nigeriji (Bendel, Ogun) i zapadnoj Ugandi. [2][4]
Kombinacija za ovaj bazionim je Barteria nigritana subsp. fistulosa (Mast.) Sleumer.
Barteria fistulosa is een boom, soms met holle stam, van de familie Passifloraceae uit het woud van Gabon. De plant wordt beschermd door mieren van het geslacht Tetraponera waarmee ze in symbiose leeft.
Barteria fistulosa is een boom, soms met holle stam, van de familie Passifloraceae uit het woud van Gabon. De plant wordt beschermd door mieren van het geslacht Tetraponera waarmee ze in symbiose leeft.
Barteria fistulosa là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Lạc tiên. Loài này được Mast. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1871.[1]
Bài viết liên quan đến họ Lạc tiên này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Barteria fistulosa là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Lạc tiên. Loài này được Mast. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1871.
