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Cepora nerissa, the common gull,[1][2] is a small to medium-sized butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is native to Sri Lanka, India, China, southeast Asia, and Indonesia.[1][2]
Male upperside: white, a greyish-blue shade at base of the wings and along the veins, due to the dark markings on the underside that show through. Forewing: veins black; apex and termen black, the inner margin of that colour extended in an irregular curve from middle of costa to base of terminal third of vein 4, thence continued obliquely outwards to the tornal angle; interspaces 6 and 9 with short narrow greyish-white streaks of the ground colour that stretch into the black apical area but do not reach the margin; a short black subterminal bar between veins 3 and 4 and another, less clearly defined, between veins 1 and 2. Hindwing: veins 4 to 7 with outwardly dilated broad black edgings that coalesce sometimes and form an anterior, irregular, black, terminal margin to the wing. Underside, forewing: white, the veins broadly margined on both sides by dusky black; costal margin broadly and apex suffused with yellow; subterminal black bars between veins 1 and 2, and 3, and 4 as on the upperside but less clearly defined. Hindwing entirely suffused with yellow, the veins diffusely bordered with black; a more or less incomplete, subterminal series of dusky spots in interspaces 1 to 6; more often than not the spot in 5 entirely absent; a conspicuous chrome-yellow spot on the precostal area. Antennae black, obscurely speckled with white; head and thorax bluish grey; abdomen dusky black; beneath: the palpi and abdomen white, the thorax yellow.[3][4]
Female similar to the male but very much darker. Upperside: veins more broadly bordered with black; in many specimens only the following portions of the white ground colour are apparent. Forewing: a broad streak in cell and beyond it a discal series of streaks in interspaces 1 to 6, 9, and 10; the streaks in interspaces 1 and 3 very broadly interrupted by the transverse black bars; that in 6 more or less obsolescent. Hindwing: a broad streak in cell, a discal series of streaks in interspaces 2 to 7, and a posterior more or less obsolescent subterminal series of greyish-white double spots. Underside similar to that of the male only the veins much more broadly margined with diffuse black scaling. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen as in the male.[3]
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These differ from the wet-season brood as follows: male upperside, forewing: the apical and terminal black areas much restricted; veins concolorous; black subterminal bare less clearly defined; the lower one often obsolete. Hindwing: the black markings on the termen represented by short triangular irrorations (speckles) of black scales at the apices chiefly of the anterior veins. Underside: as in the wet-season specimens, but the yellow much paler and somewhat ochraceous in tint.[3]
Female differs less from the wet-season female, but the black markings on both the upper and underside are narrower and less pronounced, and on the latter the yellow suffusion is paler and ochraceous in tint.[3]
The species lives in the north-western Himalayas up to 4,000 feet (1,200 m); Nepal; Sikkim; Bhutan; Bengal: central, western, and southern India; Ceylon.[3][1][2]
"Cylindrical, tapering at the anal end; finely white-dotted, with a lower lateral white line. Feeds on Capparis." (Thwaites)[3] Seems to prefer only Capparis zeylanica in Pune."[5]
"Greenish; thorax and basal abdominal segment acutely angled." (de Nicéville MS)[3]
Cepora lichenosa is treated as a full species by some authors.
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C. n. evagete female, Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India
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C. n. phryne male dry season form, Nepal
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Bingham, C.T. (1907). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. II (1st ed.). London: Taylor and Francis, Ltd. pp. 183–188. Cepora nerissa, the common gull, is a small to medium-sized butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is native to Sri Lanka, India, China, southeast Asia, and Indonesia.
Cepora nerissa est une espèce d'insecte lépidoptère de la famille des Pieridae, de la sous-famille des Pierinae et du genre Cepora.
Cepora nerissa a été nommé par Johan Christian Fabricius en 1775.
Cepora nerissa se nomme Common Gull en anglais[1].
Il est de couleur blanc verdâtre avec des veines largement soulignées de noir et une bordure noire aux antérieures.
Les plantes hôtes de la chenille sont des Capparis dont Capparis cantoniensis[1].
Il est présent en Asie du Sud-Est, en Inde, en Birmanie, en Thaïlande, dans le nord du Vietnam, dans le sud de la Chine, à Taïwan, en Malaisie, à Sumatra et à Java[1].
Il réside en de nombreux lieux mais préfère les espaces ouverts[2].
Il est assez commun.
Cepora nerissa est une espèce d'insecte lépidoptère de la famille des Pieridae, de la sous-famille des Pierinae et du genre Cepora.
Cepora nerissa is een vlindersoort uit de familie van de Pieridae (witjes), onderfamilie Pierinae.
Cepora nerissa werd in 1775 beschreven door Fabricius.[1]
Cepora nerissa, também conhecida por gaivota-comum,[1][2] é uma borboleta de pequeno a médio porte da família Pieridae, ou seja, as amarelas e brancas, que são nativos do Sri Lanka, Índia, China, Sudeste Asiático e Indonésia.[1][2]
Alimentam-se de Capparis (Thwaites)[3] Em Pune, parecem preferir apenas Capparis zeylanica.[4]
Subespécies são:
Cepora nerissa, também conhecida por gaivota-comum, é uma borboleta de pequeno a médio porte da família Pieridae, ou seja, as amarelas e brancas, que são nativos do Sri Lanka, Índia, China, Sudeste Asiático e Indonésia.
The Common Gull (Cepora nerissa) là một loài bướm ngày kích thước trung bình thuộc họ Pieridae, có màu vàng và trắng, là loài bản địa của Ấn Độ.
Adult UN
Wet-season brood in Hyderabad, Ấn Độ
Bài viết liên quan đến họ bướm Pieridae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
The Common Gull (Cepora nerissa) là một loài bướm ngày kích thước trung bình thuộc họ Pieridae, có màu vàng và trắng, là loài bản địa của Ấn Độ.
黑脈粉蝶（学名：Cepora nerissa）本種翅脈分佈有明顯黑色鱗粉，原有名稱頗能符合形態特徵，故沿用舊有名稱稱之為黑脈粉蝶 [1]，但冬季的個體深褐色鱗片較不發達[2]。
此種類季節型差異很明顯，高溫型個體其白色底色的翅膀腹面，翅脈為明顯的黑色，低溫型個體的翅脈則明顯變淡，甚至與底色相同[1]，冬季常可觀察到整體近乎灰白色的個體[2]。
幼蟲以毛瓣蝴蝶木為寄主，為多世代的種類，全年都可以見到成蝶活動，喜歡訪花或吸水[1]。
此種類在臺灣的分佈並不繁盛，主要分佈於屏東以及高雄、台東等地的低海拔山區[1]與離島蘭嶼。
寄主食物 :山柑科多種山柑屬植物，如小刺山柑、蘭嶼山柑、毛瓣蝴蝶木等等[2]。
黑脈粉蝶（学名：Cepora nerissa）本種翅脈分佈有明顯黑色鱗粉，原有名稱頗能符合形態特徵，故沿用舊有名稱稱之為黑脈粉蝶 ，但冬季的個體深褐色鱗片較不發達。
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