Occurrence of Grindelia hirsutula in Alaska was not verified for this treatment. As circumscribed here, Grindelia hirsutula includes 30 or more reputedly distinct, local, regional, or ecotypic facies that have been named at species or infraspecific rank. Locally, such facies are easily recognized; in a broad view, they intergrade with other facies and are parts of a heterogeneous continuum. Taxonomies that have attempted to recognize the facies as distinct "taxa" have led to almost as many specimens determined as "intermediate" as are assigned to the named "taxa."
Following, alphabetically by epithet, we have summarized names, diagnostic traits (mostly as given in regional and/or state floras), and distributions for "taxa" treated as distinct in some taxonomies and included within Grindelia hirsutula here:
altissima: Grindelia nana var. altissima; distal cauline leaves smaller and more scattered than proximal, blades about as wide at bases as at mid points, heads relatively few, heights of involucres less than diams.; mostly inner coastal ranges, northern California, southern Oregon. M. A. Lane (1993b) considered altissima to apply to hybrids between davyi and nana.
angusta: Grindelia inornata var. angusta; cauline leaf blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, lengths 3+ times widths, faces inconspicuously gland-dotted, ray florets 0, cypselae stramineous to pale brown; central Colorado.
angustifolia: Grindelia stricta var. angustifolia; see humilis.
blakei: Grindelia stricta subsp. blakei; see humilis.
bracteosa: Grindelia bracteosa; G. camporum var. bracteosa; G. robusta var. bracteosa; stems usually whitish and resinous, lengths of cauline leaf blades 3–5 times widths, phyllary apices usually looped, ray florets 0 or 2–27; southern California. M. A. Lane (1993b) suggested that bracteosa may have derived from hybridization between hirsutula and G. squarrosa (var. serrulata). See also, robusta.
camporum: Grindelia camporum; stems usually whitish and resinous, cauline leaf blades ovate to lanceolate, involucres seldom subtended by bracts, phyllary apices recurved to straight, ray florets 32–39; mostly interior north, central California.
columbiana: Grindelia nana [unranked] columbiana; G. columbiana; ray florets 0, otherwise much like nana; Idaho, Oregon, Washington (mostly Columbia River drainage).
davyi: Grindelia camporum var. davyi; G. hirsutula var. davyi; G. robusta var. davyi; phyllary apices recurved to straight, acuminate, pappi usually ± equaling disc corollas; interior northern California. M. A. Lane (1993b) suggested that davyi may have derived from hybridization between camporum and hirsutula.
fastigiata: Grindelia fastigiata; cauline leaf blades conspicuously gland-dotted, phyllary apices thick, coriaceous, ray florets 0, cypselae brown; western Colorado and eastern Utah. Hybrids between fastigiata and G. squarrosa have been recorded from Utah.
hallii: Grindelia hallii; G. hirsutula var. hallii; involucres 8–12 mm diam., phyllary apices slightly recurved and attenuate to nearly straight and deltate, pappi shorter than disc corollas; interior southern California.
hirsutula: Grindelia hirsutula; stems usually green to reddish, ± hirsutulous to arachnose (at least distally), cauline leaf blades usually widest proximal to their midpoints, involucres 12–23 mm diam., often subtended by leaflike bracts, phyllary apices mostly recurved to straight, slightly to moderately resinous, ray florets usually 20–60, laminae 14–20 mm, cypselae usually reddish; mostly coastal ranges of California.
humilis: Grindelia humilis Hooker & Arnott; about the nomenclatural type of G. humilis, M. A. Lane (1992b) stated "...clearly conspecific with G. hirsutula" and she used the name G. stricta var. angustifolia for plants others had treated as G. humilis; as used by others, humilis has been applied to subshrubs 100–150 cm with red-brown stems and phyllary apices recurved to nearly straight from tidal lands around San Francisco and Tomales bays in northern California; similar plants but for apices of phyllaries often looped to hooked from around Humboldt Bay in northern California have been called blakei.
inornata: Grindelia inornata; cauline leaf blades oblanceolate or ovate to oblong, lengths 1.5–3 times widths, faces inconspicuously gland-dotted, ray florets 0, cypselae stramineous to pale brown; central Colorado. Hybrids between inornata and G. subalpina have been recorded from Colorado.
integerrima: Grindelia nana var. integerrima; see integrifolia.
integrifolia: Grindelia nana var. integrifolia Nuttall (not G. integrifolia de Candolle); G. squarrosa var. integrifolia; cauline leaf blades oblanceolate, margins subentire, phyllary apices (at least the outer) looped to hooked, pappi of curled, smooth to barbellulate, subulate scales scarcely longer than cypselae; Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington.
latifolia: Grindelia latifolia; stems herbaceous, decumbent to prostrate, leaf blade apices rounded, obtuse, or acute; coastal central and southern California (including Channel Islands).
macrophylla: Grindelia macrophylla; G. integrifolia var. macrophylla; G. stricta var. macrophylla; see stricta.
maritima: G. hirsutula var. maritima; G. maritima (Greene) Steyermark; G. rubricaulis var. maritima; stems ascending, 30–80 cm, openly branched, involucres 12–25 mm diam., phyllary apices slightly recurved to nearly straight, cypselae golden or grayish, lengths of pappi ± 1 / 2 disc corollas; coastal central California. M. A. Lane (1993b) suggested that maritima may have derived from hybridization between hirsutula and platyphylla.
nana: Grindelia nana; stems yellowish to reddish, not resinous, cauline leaf blades usually oblanceolate, lengths usually 5–8 times widths, margins entire or (distally) serrate, involucres mostly 7–10 × 9–15 mm, phyllary apices looped or nearly straight; interior British Columbia, northern California, Idaho, western Montana, northern Nevada, Oregon, Washington.
paludosa: Grindelia paludosa; the nomenclatural type may be a hybrid; stems herbaceous, 50–150 cm, cauline leaf blades coriaceous, little, or not at all, gland-dotted, outer phyllary apices looped, strongly resinous; around Suisun Bay, northern California.
parviflora: Grindelia camporum var. parviflora; see procera.
perennis: Grindelia perennis; perennials, cauline leaf blades oblong to oblanceolate, lengths 6–8 times widths, margins entire or remotely serrulate, phyllary apices strongly resinous, pappi of 2–4 subulate scales; Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Saskatchewan; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.
platyphylla: Grindelia latifolia subsp. platyphylla; G. robusta var. platyphylla; G. stricta var. platyphylla; stems herbaceous (caudices woody), greenish, decumbent to prostrate, cauline leaf blades widest proximal to mid points, apices rounded to truncate; dunes and coastal bluffs, central and southern California.
procera: Grindelia procera; stems erect, 80–180 cm, strictly branching distally, phyllary apices nearly patent to straight, glabrous, slightly resinous, ray florets 21–45, laminae 8–10 mm; mostly interior central California.
quasiperennis: Grindelia squarrosa var. quasiperennis; see perennis.
revoluta: Grindelia revoluta; perennials (possibly flowering first year), stems glabrous, cauline leaf blades subcoriaceous, thickened, lengths 2.5–5 times widths, margins entire or remotely dentate to denticulate with short, broad teeth, phyllary apices usually looped, strongly resinous, ray florets 21–37, pappi of 2–4 subulate scales; central and south central Colorado.
rigida: Grindelia robusta var. rigida; see camporum.
robusta: Grindelia robusta; fide M. A. Lane (1992b), the nomenclatural type of G. robusta is a hybrid that came from a cross between plants assignable to G. hirsutula in the sense of Lane and plants assignable to G. stricta in the sense of Lane. Within Lane’s interpretation and taxonomic constraints, G. robusta cannot be placed in synonymy of the species name of either "parent." We believe instead that the type of robusta belongs to the "taxon" that has been called bracteosa.
rubricaulis: Grindelia rubricaulis; G. hirsutula subsp. rubricaulis; the type of rubricaulis is very much like the type of hirsutula [see above].
stricta: Grindelia stricta; stems usually green to reddish, prostrate to erect, usually ± hirsutulous to arachnose (at least distally), sometimes glabrous, cauline leaf blades usually widest distal to their midpoints, involucres mostly 10–50 mm diam., sometimes subtended by bracteoles, phyllary apices usually slightly recurved to straight, slightly to moderately resinous, ray florets 30–60, laminae 13–25 mm, scales of pappi 0.3+ mm wide at bases; mostly coastal beaches and marshes; British Columbia, Alaska, California, Oregon, Washington.
venulosa: Grindelia stricta subsp. venulosa; stems procumbent to decumbent, whitish to yellowish, cauline leaf blades fleshy, apices rounded, phyllary apices looped; coastal bluffs and marshes; California, Oregon.
La grindelia ye una planta de la familia Asteraceae nativa de les zones húmedes de California.
Ye una planta perenne con tarmu erecto ramificáu, redondu y esponxosu qu'algama 80 cm d'altor, con cañes ascendentes que terminen nuna inflorescencia. Les fueyes son de color verde claro llanceolaes, alternes y finamente dentaes. Los capítulos florales son mariellos, grandes y terminales. El frutu ye un aqueniu.
Grindelia robusta describióse por Thomas Nuttall y espublizóse en Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series, 7: 314. 1840.[1]
La grindelia ye una planta de la familia Asteraceae nativa de les zones húmedes de California.
Planhigyn blodeuol o deulu llygad y dydd a blodyn haul ydy Grindelia sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Asteraceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Grindelia stricta a'r enw Saesneg yw Coastal gum plant.[1]
Daw'r gair "Asteraceae", sef yr enw ar y teulu hwn, o'r gair 'Aster', y genws mwyaf lluosog o'r teulu - ac sy'n tarddu o'r gair Groeg ἀστήρ, sef 'seren'.
Planhigyn blodeuol o deulu llygad y dydd a blodyn haul ydy Grindelia sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Asteraceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Grindelia stricta a'r enw Saesneg yw Coastal gum plant.
Daw'r gair "Asteraceae", sef yr enw ar y teulu hwn, o'r gair 'Aster', y genws mwyaf lluosog o'r teulu - ac sy'n tarddu o'r gair Groeg ἀστήρ, sef 'seren'.
Grindelia hirsutula is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names hairy gumplant and hairy gumweed.[2][3]
Grindelia hirsutula is native to North America, widespread across Canada and in California and Oregon.[4][5] The species is highly variable, and many local populations have been named as varieties or as distinct species. All these taxa do, however, intergrade with one another.[6]
Grindelia hirsutula is an erect perennial herb or subshrub sometimes as much as 2.5 m (8 ft) tall but usually much shorter. The plant is usually green but the stems are often red or purplish-brown and the leaves can be somewhat yellowish to reddish.
The plant can produce numerous flower heads in branching arrays at the top of the plant. Each head is 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) wide with hemispheric cups of greenish phyllaries around the base, the bracts claw-like and bent away from the flowers. The center of the head is filled with many small yellow disc florets surround by numerous golden ray florets. The head produces a thick white exudate, especially in new flower heads.[6]
Grindelia hirsutula is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names hairy gumplant and hairy gumweed.
Grindelia hirsutula es una especie de planta fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae.
Es originaria de América del Norte, incluyendo gran parte de la costa oeste de los Estados Unidos y la mitad sur de Canadá. Crece en muchos hábitats y climas.
Esta es una hierba perenne erecta formando parches de pasto de 20 centímetros de alto a extensos soportes de erectos pedúnculos que alcanzan un tamaño de un metro de altura. La planta es generalmente de color verde, pero los tallos a menudo son de color rojo o púrpura-marrón y las hojas pueden ser un tanto amarillento a rojizo. Los tallos están cubiertos con cabezas de flores de 2 o 3 centímetros de ancho con copas hemisféricas de verdosos filarios que son como una garra y doblan lejos de las flores. El centro de la cabeza está llena de pequeños floretes del disco de color amarillo y la circunferencia se alinea con los floretes de rayo de oro. La cabeza produce un exudado blanco grueso, especialmente en las nuevas cabezas de las flores.
Grindelia hirsutula fue descrita por Hook. & Arn. y publicado en The Botany of Captain Beechey's Voyage 147. 1841[1833].[1]
Grindelia hirsutula es una especie de planta fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae.
Grindelia robusta Nutt. è una pianta della famiglia delle Asteraceae.[1]
Erba perenne alta fino a 1 metro, con foglie alterne, dentate e semiamplessicauli; capolino formato da fiori giallo-arancio con alla base una foglia modificata avente una spina ricurva che essuda una resina marrone.
Originaria del Nord America, coltivata in Europa
Acidi diterpenici (acido grindelico), flavonoidi (quercetina, crisocriolo, canfora), saponine triterpeniche, olio essenziale (0,5%)
Dai capolini che secernono la resina balsamica si ricavano preparazioni farmaceutiche sotto forma di sciroppi[2], compresse per il trattamento dei disturbi del tratto respiratorio: asma, bronchite e tosse, con proprietà mucolitiche, antitussive, antifiammatorie e antibatteriche
Grindelia robusta Nutt. è una pianta della famiglia delle Asteraceae.
Grindelia hirsutula là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được Hook. & Arn. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1833.[1]
Grindelia hirsutula là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được Hook. & Arn. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1833.