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Atule mate és un peix teleosti de la família dels caràngids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.[2][3]
Atule mate és l'única espècie del gènere Atule.[4]
Pot arribar als 30 cm de llargària total.[5]
Es troba des de les costes del Mar Roig i de l'Àfrica Oriental fins a les Hawaii, Samoa, Japó, Mar d'Arafura i nord d'Austràlia.[5]
The yellowtail scad (Atule mate) (also known as the northern yellowtail scad, one-finlet scad, deep trevally and omaka), is an abundant species of small inshore marine fish of the jack family, Carangidae. The species is widespread in the Indo-Pacific region from east Africa in the west to Hawaii in the east, extending north to Japan and south to Australia. The yellowtail scad is the only member of the monotypic genus Atule and is distinguished from similar species by a well-developed adipose eyelid and finlet-like extensions of the last rays of the dorsal and anal fins. It inhabits coastal areas such as bays and coral reefs, preying on small fishes and crustaceans. Spawning has been well studied in Hawaii, where fish enter bays to spawn, releasing up to 161,000 eggs each between March and October. The yellowtail scad is an important component of fisheries throughout its range, taken by a number of netting and hook-and-line methods. It is a prized food fish in some regions and is cooked or preserved by a variety of methods.
The yellowtail scad is the only member of the monotypic genus Atule, one of 30 genera in the jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae. The Carangidae are part of the order Carangiformes.[2]
The yellowtail scad was first scientifically described by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier in 1833 based on a specimen taken from the Seychelles, which was designated to be the holotype.[3] He named the species Caranx mate, thereby placing the species in a genus with a number of larger, deeper-bodied jacks. The species was subsequently redescribed and named many times, with most authors placing these "species" in other jack genera including Caranx, Decapterus and Selar. In 1906, Jordan and Seale produced one such name in the form of Decapterus lundini. Jordan later re-examined this taxon and decided it warranted its own, separate genus and thus created Atule, making Decapterus lundini the type species of the genus.[4] With the taxonomic history of the species confused with numerous synonyms, it was not until 1953 that Herre concluded that D. lundini was a junior synonym of Cuvier's C. mate, thus giving the latter priority and creating the currently accepted name of Atule mate.[4]
The wide distribution of the species has led to many common names being applied to the species. In English, the most common name is yellowtail scad or some variation of this. Occasionally this combination will be proceeded by a variety of words including "barred" and "northern".[3] Other names applied include one-finlet scad, deep trevally, the broad name of horse mackerel, as well as the Hawaiian ʻomaka or āmaka and Malay or Indonesian ikan selar.[5][6]
The generic name Atule is derived from its Hawaiian name, also spelled akule, while mate is Hawaiian for "dead."[5]
The yellowtail scad has a body profile quite similar to that of the other fish often called 'scad' from the genera Decapterus and Trachurus, having a moderately compressed, oval-shaped body.[7] The dorsal and ventral profiles of the fish are nearly evenly convex, with the two lines intersecting at the pointed snout. There are two separate dorsal fins; the first consisting of eight moderately high spines and the second of a single spine followed by 22 to 25 soft rays. The anal fin consists of two anteriorly detached spines followed by a single spine attached to 18 to 21 soft rays.[7] The terminal soft rays of both the anal and dorsal fins are nearly twice as long as the penultimate rays, forming distinctive finlet-like structures, although are still attached to the main fin structure by interradial membranes. The lateral line is slightly arched anteriorally, with the intersection of the curved and straight section occurring below the sixth to eighth dorsal soft ray.[8] The curved section contains between 39 and 57 scales, while the straight section has no to 10 scales and 36 to 49 scutes.[7] Another of the major distinguishing features of the species is an adipose eyelid which fully encloses the eye except for a small vertical slit over the pupil. This feature is only observable in individuals greater than 10 cm, as juveniles below this length are still developing the eyelid.[8] Both jaws have a single row of small teeth, although two or three rows of small canine teeth are present in older individuals. There are 37 to 44 gill rakers in total and 24 vertebrae. The yellowtail scad is a small species in comparison with many of the other fishes within the Carangidae, reaching a recorded maximum length of only 30 cm, although is more often encountered around 20 cm.[7]
The yellowtail scad is a bright olive green above, transitioning to a more golden green ventrally, before becoming silvery white on the underside of the fish. Nine to 16 faint grey bars run vertically on the sides of the fish, as well as a black spot slightly smaller than the eye on the upper margin of operculum and adjacent shoulder region. The caudal and dorsal fins are a characteristic greenish yellow colour, the pelvic fins are white, while the rest of the fins are hyaline.[9]
In some parts of Australia, the Yakka are prone to the parasite Cymothoa exigua which first eats and then replaces the tongue of the host fish. The parasite does not otherwise harm the fish and has no effect on humans. The parasite should however be removed before consumption.
The yellowtail scad is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Indo-Pacific region.[4] In the Indian Ocean, the species is known from as far south as South Africa, distributed north along the east African coast including Madagascar, and further north to the Persian Gulf, Red Sea, India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia.[10] In the Pacific, the species is most prevalent in Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Philippines, extending southward to northern Australia, north to Japan, where only three specimens have been recorded,[11] and as far east as Hawaii.[10]
The species is predominantly coastal, schooling in inshore waters to a depth of 80 m, often in large embayments with mangroves[12] or over coral reefs.[13] Like a number of carangids, juvenile yellowtail scad are known to congregate around floating objects, including jellyfish medusae, as well as manmade structures. In Kaneohe Bay, jellyfish medusae disappeared from the bay, causing the fish to switch from natural objects to manmade ones, causing concern for recruitment of the species in the future.[14]
The yellowtail scad is a pelagic predator that takes a variety of small plankton and fish. The species exhibits two different feeding patterns during different stages of life, with the juveniles between 91 and 150 mm feeding mainly on crustaceans while adults over 151 mm prey almost exclusively on small fish.[15]
The size at sexual maturity is not known confidently but has been estimated at between 150 and 160 mm.[16] In Hawaii, the species has been observed to spawn in open areas of bays at least 10 m deep mostly between March and October, but there is significant yearly differences in the length of the season. In the breeding stock, more than two-thirds are male and all females in the bay during daytime actively spawn, with nearly all spawning occurring in the morning. Females release 63,000 to 161,000 eggs per batch.[16] Egg and larvae development have been extensively studied and described by Miller and Sumida.[17]
Yellowtail scad are a major species targeted by fisheries throughout the species range. Worldwide catch data are not available, although the FAO has catch data from Saudi Arabia showing 933 tonnes of the species was taken in 2001; an increase from 2000's catch of 875 tonnes.[10] In Malaysia and presumably other South East Asian countries, the species makes up a high percentage of the pelagic catch. The fishery appears to be seasonal in some areas, with demersal species such as serranids and lutjanids making up the bulk of the catch most of the year while pelagics such as A. mate and scombrids make up the bulk of the catch between January and April.[18] In other areas such as the Gulf of Thailand, it is taken year round.[19] The species is taken by a variety of fishing methods including beach seines,[20] gill netting, as well as hook and line methods involving jigging with lures. In parts of South East Asia, the yellowtail scad is a highly valued seafood prepared by boiling, steaming and frying. It may also by dried and salted to preserve the flesh.[19]
The yellowtail scad (Atule mate) (also known as the northern yellowtail scad, one-finlet scad, deep trevally and omaka), is an abundant species of small inshore marine fish of the jack family, Carangidae. The species is widespread in the Indo-Pacific region from east Africa in the west to Hawaii in the east, extending north to Japan and south to Australia. The yellowtail scad is the only member of the monotypic genus Atule and is distinguished from similar species by a well-developed adipose eyelid and finlet-like extensions of the last rays of the dorsal and anal fins. It inhabits coastal areas such as bays and coral reefs, preying on small fishes and crustaceans. Spawning has been well studied in Hawaii, where fish enter bays to spawn, releasing up to 161,000 eggs each between March and October. The yellowtail scad is an important component of fisheries throughout its range, taken by a number of netting and hook-and-line methods. It is a prized food fish in some regions and is cooked or preserved by a variety of methods.
Atule mate es una especie de peces de la familia Carangidae en el orden de los Perciformes.
• Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 30 cm de longitud total.[1]
Se encuentra desde las costas del Mar Rojo y del África Oriental hasta las Hawái, Samoa, Japón, Mar de Arafura y norte de Australia.
Atule mate es una especie de peces de la familia Carangidae en el orden de los Perciformes.
Atule mate Atule generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Carangidae familian sailkatzen da.
Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.
Atule mate Atule generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Carangidae familian sailkatzen da.
Atule mate
Le Sélar queue jaune (Atule mate) est une espèce de poissons de la famille des Carangidés, de l'ordre des Perciformes. C'est la seule espèce de son genre Atule (monotypique).
Atule mate est un poisson marin qui se rencontre à une profondeur de 1 et 80 m[3]. Il est présent dans le bassin Indo-Pacifique aux latitudes comprises entre 35°N et 35°S et aux longitudes de 24°E à 135°W[3], incluant la mer Rouge, les côtes de l'Afrique de l'Est, les iles hawaïennes et les Samoa, le nord du Japon, jusqu'à la mer d'Arafura et le nord de l'Australie[3]. Il affectionne les mangroves et les baies côtières. En haute-mer il forme des bancs mais vit également isolé[3].
La taille maximale connue pour Atule mate est de 300 mm[3] avec une taille moyenne de 260 mm.
C'est une espèce plutôt diurne qui s'alimente de crustacés et de petits invertébrés planctoniques tels que copépodes mais également les céphalopodes[3].
Le genre Atule fait référence au nom vernaculaire local de ce poisson en Polynésie[4]. Également appelé Akule en hawaïen[4].
Son nom spécifique, mate, de mate-paré, le nom local qui lui est donné à Pondichéry (Inde), l'une des localités type de cette espèce[4].
Atule mate
Le Sélar queue jaune (Atule mate) est une espèce de poissons de la famille des Carangidés, de l'ordre des Perciformes. C'est la seule espèce de son genre Atule (monotypique).
Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833) è un pesce d'acqua salata appartenente alla famiglia Carangidae diffusa nell'Indo-Pacifico,[2] unica specie del genere Atule Jordan & Jordan, 1922.[3]
Si nutre di piccoli pesci, crostacei, invertebrati marini e fitoplancton.
Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833) è un pesce d'acqua salata appartenente alla famiglia Carangidae diffusa nell'Indo-Pacifico, unica specie del genere Atule Jordan & Jordan, 1922.
Ikan Selar (bahasa Inggeris:yellowtail scad), nama saintifiknya Atule mate, adalah sejenis spesies ikan laut kecil dan banyak terdapat di pesisir pantai dalam famili Carangidae.
Ikan Selar (bahasa Inggeris:yellowtail scad), nama saintifiknya Atule mate, adalah sejenis spesies ikan laut kecil dan banyak terdapat di pesisir pantai dalam famili Carangidae.
Atule mate is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van horsmakrelen (Carangidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1833 door Cuvier.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Cá ngân (danh pháp hai phần: Atule mate), còn gọi là cá ngân bột hay cá róc[1], là một loài cá biển thuộc họ Carangidae phân bố rộng rãi trong khu vực Ấn Độ-Thái Bình Dương từ phía đông châu Phi ở phía tây đến tận quần đảo Hawaii, ở phía đông được phân bố về phía bắc Nhật Bản và phía nam tới Úc. Phân bố Việt Nam chủ yếu ở vịnh Bắc Bộ, miền Trung, Đông và Tây Nam Bộ.
Cá ngân sinh sống khu vực ven biển như vịnh và rặng san hô, săn bắt cá nhỏ và động vật giáp xác. Đến mùa sinh sản, cá có thể đẻ 161.000 trứng. Tên thường gọi tiếng Anh Yellow tail scad, Travelly, Shortbodied mackerel, Yellow scad Tên gọi thị trường Úc Yellowtail scad Tên gọi tiếng Nhật Mabuta-shima-aji, Mate-aji Tên gọi tiếng Tây Ban Nha Jurel rabo. amarillo
Kích cỡ 150–200 mm. Thân hình bầu dục, tương đối dài. Viền lưng và viền bụng cong đều. Chiều dài thân bằng 2,9-3,3 lần chiều cao thân, bằng 3,5-3,7 lần chiều dài đầu. Hai vây lưng tách biệt nhau, vây hậu môn đối xứng với vây lưng thứ hai, tia cuối của hai vây này kéo dài hơn các tia vây trước giống như vây phụ riêng biệt. Vây ngực dài nhỏ, cong kéo dài đến quá khởi điểm của đoạn thẳng đường bên. Nửa trên của thân có những đai ngang màu nâu đỏ. Góc trên xương nắp mang có một chấm đen lớn. Vây lưng và vây đuôi màu vàng nhạt.
Cá ngân là loại cá rất thơm ngon, nên được dùng làm thực phẩm để chế biến nhiều món ăn như món cá ngân chiên sả ớt là món ăn rất mới và lạ miệng. Một số món ăn khác từ cá ngân như cá ngân xào thập cẩm Chúng là loài có giá trị kinh tế, mùa vụ khai thác quanh năm, có thể ăn tươi, phơi khô.
Ở Việt Nam, cá ngân được khai thác nhiều ở vùng biển Vũng Tàu, Bến Tre và Kiên Giang, và ở Phú Quốc có cá ngân cỡ bằng bắp tay loài cá này có hình thức khai thác tương tự như cá chỉ vàng, và phương thức chế biến cũng tương tự cá chỉ. Tuy cá ngân không phải là loại thực phẩm phổ biến nhưng nó lại có cách chế biến khá đơn giản.
Bài viết chủ đề bộ Cá vược này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Cá ngân (danh pháp hai phần: Atule mate), còn gọi là cá ngân bột hay cá róc, là một loài cá biển thuộc họ Carangidae phân bố rộng rãi trong khu vực Ấn Độ-Thái Bình Dương từ phía đông châu Phi ở phía tây đến tận quần đảo Hawaii, ở phía đông được phân bố về phía bắc Nhật Bản và phía nam tới Úc. Phân bố Việt Nam chủ yếu ở vịnh Bắc Bộ, miền Trung, Đông và Tây Nam Bộ.
Cá ngân sinh sống khu vực ven biển như vịnh và rặng san hô, săn bắt cá nhỏ và động vật giáp xác. Đến mùa sinh sản, cá có thể đẻ 161.000 trứng. Tên thường gọi tiếng Anh Yellow tail scad, Travelly, Shortbodied mackerel, Yellow scad Tên gọi thị trường Úc Yellowtail scad Tên gọi tiếng Nhật Mabuta-shima-aji, Mate-aji Tên gọi tiếng Tây Ban Nha Jurel rabo. amarillo
游鰭葉鰺（学名：Caranx mate，俗名為四破鰺仔、黃尾瓜仔、平瓜仔、巴浪鱼，為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目鱸亞目鰺科的其中一個種。
本魚分布於印度太平洋區，包括東非、紅海、馬達加斯加、模里西斯、塞席爾群島、波斯灣、馬爾地夫、斯里蘭卡、印度、安達曼海、日本、中國沿海、台灣、菲律賓、越南、泰國、馬來西亞、印尼、澳洲、新幾內亞、馬里亞納群島、馬紹爾群島、所羅門群島、新喀里多尼亞、法屬波里尼西亞、斐濟群島、密克羅尼西亞、夏威夷群島、吐瓦魯、東加等海域。
水深0至50公尺。
本魚側線前部呈弧形，長度與直走部相若。體長為頭長的3.5倍。第一背鰭有硬棘8枚；第二背鰭有硬棘1枚、軟條23至24枚；臀鰭有硬棘1枚、軟條19至21枚，最後兩枚鰭條成游離狀；稜鱗數目約在38至45枚。體長可達30公分。
本魚屬於群游性魚類，多以浮游生物為主食，偶而攝食魚類或甲殼類。。
分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii 目 : スズキ目 Perciformes 科 : アジ科 Carangidae 属 : マテアジ属 Atule
マテアジ（学名:Atule mate）はアジ科に属する小型の海水魚である。本種は西はアフリカ東部、東はハワイ、北は日本、南はオーストラリアまでのインド太平洋に広く分布する。マテアジ属を構成する唯一の種であり、脂瞼（瞼状の膜）がよく発達していることや、背鰭と臀鰭の最後の軟条が伸長していることなどによって近縁他種と区別することができる。本種は湾やサンゴ礁などの沿岸海域に生息し、小型の魚類や甲殻類を捕食する。産卵についてはハワイにおいて研究が進んでおり、3月から10月までの間に湾の中に入り、そこで一度に最大で約161,000個の卵を産卵することがわかっている。本種は生息域のほぼ全域において漁業の対象となっており、様々な漁法により漁獲される。本種が食品として高い価値をもつ地域もあり、様々な方法によって調理・保存される。
アジ科に属する約30属のうちの1つであるマテアジ属 (Atule) を構成する唯一の種である[1]。
フランスの博物学者ジョルジュ・キュヴィエによって1833年に、セーシェルで得られた標本をホロタイプとして初めて記載された[2]。彼は本種をCaranx mateと名付け、ギンガメアジ属 (Caranx) に分類したが、この後本種は何度も再記載、再命名された。この時記載者のほとんどは本種を、ギンガメアジ属、ムロアジ属 (Decapterus)、メアジ属 (Selar) といった他のアジ科の属に分類した。1906年にはデイビッド・スター・ジョーダンとAlvin Sealeが本種をDecapterus lundiniという学名で記載している。ジョーダンは後にこの分類を再検討し、本種を別の新属に分類すべきであるとしてマテアジ属 (Atule) を創設し、彼の記載したDecapterus lundiniをタイプ種とした[3]。このように本種の分類をめぐっては、多数のシノニムが存在するため混乱が続いていたが、1953年の論文によりDecapterus lundiniがキュヴィエの記載したCaranx mateの後行シノニムであるとされた。こうした経緯で本種の現在有効な学名はAtule mateとなっている[3]。
本種をめぐる各研究において報告される形態的特徴には差異があるため、現在マテアジと同定されている魚の中には実際には複数の種が含まれている可能性があるとする研究もある[4]。
ムロアジ属やマアジ属 (Trachurus) の魚とよく似た、側偏した楕円形の体型をもつ[5]。体はほぼ上下対称で、吻は突出している。背鰭は2基で、第一背鰭は8本の棘条からなり、第二背鰭には1本の棘条に続いて22本から25本の軟条がある。臀鰭は前方に分離した2本の棘条からなる部分と、後方に存在する1本の棘条とそれに続く21本の軟条からなる部分からなる[5]。臀鰭と背鰭の最後の軟条は直前の軟条よりもほぼ2倍に伸長しており、脂鰭状の構造を形成している。なお実際には伸長部も各鰭の中心部分と繋がっているため、この構造は脂鰭とは呼ばない。側線は体の前方でわずかに湾曲しており、曲線部と直線部の境界は背鰭の第6から第8軟条の下部に存在する[6]。曲線部には39枚から57枚の鱗が存在し、一方直線部には0枚から10枚の鱗と36枚から49枚の稜鱗（英語版）（アジ亜科に独特の鱗）が存在する[5]。脂瞼（英語版）（瞼状の膜）がよく発達し、瞳孔上にわずかな開口部を残し眼全体を覆っている。若い個体では脂瞼が発達の途中であるため、この特徴は全長10cm以上の個体でのみ観察される[6]。ふつう両顎には小さい歯からなる1列の歯列が存在するが、大型個体には犬歯状の歯からなる2本から3本の歯列が存在する。鰓篩数は37から44で、椎骨数は24である。本種はアジ科の他の種と比べて小型で、記録されている最大全長は30cmであり、よくみられるのは全長20cmほどの個体である[5]。
体色は、背部はオリーブ色であるが体の中央部にかけては金色を帯びた緑色になり、そして下腹部では銀白色となる。体側には9本から16本の薄い灰色で垂直な縞が入り、鰓蓋の縁には眼より少し小さいくらいの大きさの黒い斑がある。尾鰭と背鰭は特徴的な緑色を帯びた黄色となっている。腹鰭は白色であり、胸鰭は黄色味を帯びる[4][7]。
インド太平洋の熱帯、亜熱帯域に広く分布する[3]。インド洋での生息域は南アフリカを南端に、マダガスカルを含むアフリカ東海岸、北方はペルシャ湾、紅海、インド、スリランカ、東南アジアなどまで広がっている[8]。太平洋においては東南アジア、インドネシア、フィリピンなどで最もよくみられ、生息域は南はオーストラリア北部、北は日本、東はハワイまで広がっている[8][9]。
日本においてはきわめて稀な種であり、1962年に三重県津市の魚市場で得られた個体、2003年に沖縄県八重山諸島から報告された個体、2005年に鹿児島県南さつま市沖で採集された個体と、計3個体のみが報告されていた。しかし2006年には前述の鹿児島県南さつま市沖の海域から14個体が得られ、はじめて多数の個体が報告された[4][10]。これらは黒潮に乗り台湾近海から流されてきた個体であると考えられている[11]。
本種は水深80mまでの沿岸海域でみられ、しばしばマングローブの茂る入り江や[12]サンゴ礁などでみられる[13]。アジ科の多くの種と同様に、マテアジの幼魚はクラゲや人工物といった浮遊物に集まることが多い。ハワイのカネオヘ湾（英語版）においては、かつて幼魚の集まる場となっていたクラゲが減少したため、人工物が代替として使われるようになった。このことでその湾における本種の個体数が将来減少するのではないかと懸念されている[14]。
肉食魚であり、様々な種類の小さなプランクトンや魚を捕食する。本種は成長の過程で二つの異なった食生活をみせる。つまり、全長91mmから150mmほどの若魚は主に甲殻類を捕食するが、全長151mmを超えた成魚では小魚のみを捕食する[15]。
性成熟する際の全長は確かには分かっていないが、150mmから160mmほどであろうと推測されている[16]。ハワイにおいては、本種は湾内の水深10m以上の開けた場所で産卵することが分かっている。産卵の時期はたいていは3月から10月までの間であるが、産卵期の長さは年によって違う。産卵はほぼ必ず朝に行われ、メスは一度に63,000個から161,000個の卵を産む[16]。卵と稚魚の成長過程についても詳しい研究がなされている[17]。
生息域の全域において漁業の対象となる。全世界における漁獲量のデータはないが、FAOによるサウジアラビアにおけるデータでは、本種は2000年には875トン、2001年には933トン漁獲されたという[8]。マレーシアにおいて、そしておそらく他の東南アジアの国々でも、外洋で行われる漁業での漁獲のうち高い割合を本種が占めている。本種を対象にした漁業はいくつかの地域においては季節を限定して行われている。そのような地域では1年のうちほとんどの期間においてはハタやフエダイなどの深海性の種を対象とし、1月から4月までの間に本種やサバなどの遠洋性の種を対象としているとみられる[18]。タイランド湾などその他の地域では、本種は一年中漁獲されている[19]。本種は地引き網やはえ縄、ルアーによる釣りなど様々な方法により捕獲される[8][20]。東南アジアの一部地域では、蒸す、ゆでる、揚げるなどして調理され、食品として高い価値をもつ。干物や塩漬けとして保存・販売されることもある[19]。
マテアジ（学名:Atule mate）はアジ科に属する小型の海水魚である。本種は西はアフリカ東部、東はハワイ、北は日本、南はオーストラリアまでのインド太平洋に広く分布する。マテアジ属を構成する唯一の種であり、脂瞼（瞼状の膜）がよく発達していることや、背鰭と臀鰭の最後の軟条が伸長していることなどによって近縁他種と区別することができる。本種は湾やサンゴ礁などの沿岸海域に生息し、小型の魚類や甲殻類を捕食する。産卵についてはハワイにおいて研究が進んでおり、3月から10月までの間に湾の中に入り、そこで一度に最大で約161,000個の卵を産卵することがわかっている。本種は生息域のほぼ全域において漁業の対象となっており、様々な漁法により漁獲される。本種が食品として高い価値をもつ地域もあり、様々な方法によって調理・保存される。
