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Geophagus ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

Geophagus és un gènere de peixos de la família dels cíclids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a Sud-amèrica.[2]

Espècies

Referències

  1. Heckel, J. J. 1840. Johann Natterer's neue Flussfische Brasilien's nach den Beobachtungen und Mittheilungen des Entdeckers beschrieben (Erste Abtheilung, Die Labroiden). Ann. Wien. Mus. Naturges. v. 2: 325-471, Pls. 29-30.
  2. www.mongabay.com (anglès)
  3. 3,0 3,1 López-Fernández, H. & D. C. Taphorn. 2004. Geophagus abalios, G. dicrozoster and G. winemilleri (Perciformes: Cichlidae), three new species from Venezuela. Zootaxa Núm. 439: 1-27.
  4. Kullander, S. O. 1991: Geophagus argyrostictus, a new species of cichlid fish from the Rio Xingu, Brazil. Cybium v. 15 (núm. 2): 129-138.
  5. ITIS (anglès)
  6. UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)
  7. «Geophagus». Catalogue of Life. (anglès) (anglès)
  8. López-Fernández, H. & D. C. Taphorn. 2004. Geophagus abalios, G. dicrozoster and G. winemilleri (Perciformes: Cichlidae), three new species from Venezuela. Zootaxa Núm. 439: 1-27.
  9. Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper río Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen, 56: 91-97.
  10. UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)
  11. Staeck, W. i I. Schindler 2006: Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. -- a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaíba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen, Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde. v. 55: 69-75.
  12. Eigenmann, C. H. 1922. The fishes of western South America, Part I. The fresh-water fishes of northwestern South America, including Colombia, Panama, and the Pacific slopes of Ecuador and Peru, together with an appendix upon the fishes of the Rio Meta in Colombia. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 9 (núm. 1): 1-346, Pls. 1-38.
  13. Bloch, M. E. 1791. Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische. Berlín. Naturgeschichte der Ausländischen Fische. v. 5: i-viii + 1-152, Pls. 253-288.
  14. BioLib (anglès)
  15. FishBase (anglès)
  16. Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  17. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  18. UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)
  19. Discover Life (anglès)
  20. ITIS (anglès)
  21. NCBI (anglès)
  22. Practial Fishkeeping (anglès)

Bibliografia

  • Axelrod, H. R., 1993. The most complete colored lexicon of cichlids. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City (Estats Units).
  • Brind, W. L. 1943: A new species of Geophagus, Geophagus magdalena, Brind, "The Magdalena Mouthbrooder.". All Pets Magazine v. 14 (núm. 9): 42.
  • Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco (Califòrnia, Estats Units). iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8. 1990.
  • Gosse, J.-P. 1976: Révision du genre Geophagus (Pisces Cichlidae). Académie Royal des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, Cl. Sci. Nat. Méd. (N. S.) v. 19 (núm. 3): 1-173, Pls. 1-5.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Kullander, S. O., R. Royero i D. C. Taphorn 1992: Two new species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Rio Orinoco drainage in Venezuela. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 3 (núm. 4): 359-375.
  • Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. A R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander i C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil.
  • Leibel, W. S. 1995: Electrophoretic analysis of LDH phenotype supports splitting of the genus Geophagus sensu Gosse (Teleostei, Cichlidae). Copeia 1995 (núm. 1): 217-223.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall (2000).
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
  • Regan, C. T. 1906: Revision of the South-American cichlid genera Retroculus, Geophagus, Heterogramma, and Biotoecus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 17 (núm. 97): 49-66.
  • Römer U.: Cichliden Atlas, Bd. 1. Melle. 1311 p. Any 1998.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.


Enllaços externs

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Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA
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Geophagus ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Geophagus ist eine Buntbarschgattung aus dem nördlichen und mittleren Südamerika. Die Fische kommen vor allem in fließenden Gewässern vor. Ihr Name setzt sich aus dem griechischen „geos“ (= Erde) und „phagein“ (= fressen) zusammen, bedeutet also Erdfresser und nimmt Bezug auf die Art der Nahrungsaufnahme der Fische, die für gewöhnlich Sand oder Schlamm vom Bodengrund aufnehmen, die essbaren Bestandteile mit Hilfe der Kiemenreuse ausfiltern und die ungenießbaren Teile durch die Kiemenspalten wieder ausstoßen.

Merkmale

Geophagus-Arten sind kleine bis mittelgroße Buntbarsche und werden 8 bis maximal 27 Zentimeter lang. Der Körper ist mäßig gestreckt, hochrückig und seitlich abgeflacht, der Kopf mehr oder weniger zugespitzt mit einer steil ansteigenden Stirnlinie. Der Schwanzstiel ist niedrig, die Schwanzflosse stark beschuppt. Ein Schwanzwurzelfleck fehlt. Die Körperseiten zeigen bei den verschiedenen Arten einen mehr oder weniger ausgeprägten Seitenfleck. Männchen sind im Alter meist etwas größer als die Weibchen und entwickeln deutlich verlängerte Bauchflossen. Zu den diagnostischen Merkmalen der Gattung gehört die Morphologie der Wirbel, das Vorhandensein von Epipleuralrippen auf den Schwanzwirbeln, die mit Auswüchsen der Schwimmblase verbunden sind und eine höhere Anzahl von Schwanzwirbeln gegenüber den Rumpfwirbeln. Diese Merkmale findet man nur bei Geophagus im engen Sinne, nicht bei der „Geophagus“ brasiliensis-Artengruppe oder der „Geophagus“ crassilabris-Artengruppe.[1]

Fortpflanzung

Geophagus-Arten zeigen eine Vielfalt von Fortpflanzungsmethoden. Die meisten Arten sind Maulbrüter, einige (Geophagus abalios, G. altifrons, G. neambi, G. parnaibae und G. proximus) sind ovophile Maulbrüter,[2][3] d. h., sie nehmen nur die Eier ins Maul, andere, die larvophilen Maulbrüter, nehmen auch die Fischlarven ins Maul. Geophagus argyrostictus, G. taeniopareius und die Vertreter der „Geophagus“-brasiliensis-Artengruppe sind dagegen Offenbrüter.

Systematik

Die Gattung Geophagus wurde 1840 durch den österreichischen Zoologen und Ichthyologen Johann Jakob Heckel beschrieben. Bei einer Revision der Gattung durch den schwedischen Ichthyologen Sven O. Kullander wurde ein Teil der ursprünglich Geophagus zugeordneten Arten aus der Gattung ausgegliedert, zum Teil in die Gattung Satanoperca gestellt, zum Teil aber keiner neuen Gattung zugeordnet.[4] Bei diesen Arten, z. B. der Brasil-Perlmuttbarsch und anderen ostbrasilianischen und westandinen Buntbarscharten, wird die Gattungsbezeichnung „Geophagus“ in Anführungsstrichen weiter verwendet. Schwestergattung von Geophagus ist Gymnogeophagus. Zusammen mit dieser Gattung bildet Geophagus den Untertribus Geophagina innerhalb der Tribus Geophagini.[5]

 src=
Geophagus neambi
 src=
Geophagus proximus
 src=
Geophagus sp. Tapajos Orange Head, bisher unbeschrieben

Arten

Die Datenbank FishBase listet gegenwärtig 27 Arten. Daneben gibt es zahlreiche bisher noch unbeschriebene Arten.[6]

„Geophagus“ brasiliensis-Artengruppe[1][7], Küstenflüsse des östlichen und südöstlichen Brasilien, Uruguay und nordöstliches Argentinien.

 src=
„Geophagus“ brasiliensis

„Geophagus“ crassilabris-Artengruppe, Panama, Kolumbien und Venezuela westlich der Anden, Männchen mit Stirnbuckel im Alter.

Literatur

  • Horst Linke, Wolfgang Staek: Amerikanische Cichliden II, Große Buntbarsche. Tetra-Verlag, Bissendorf 1997, ISBN 3-8974-5101-8.
  • Claus Schaefer: Geophagus. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): Das große Lexikon der Aquaristik. 2 Bände. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9, S. 403–407.
  • Günther Sterba: Süsswasserfische der Welt. 2. Auflage. Urania, Leipzig/Jena/Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4.

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b Mattos, J.L.O. & Costa, W.J.E.M. (2018): Three new species of the ‚Geophagus‘ brasiliensis species group from the northeast Brazil (Cichlidae, Geophagini). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 94 (2): 325–337. DOI:10.3897/zse.94.22685
  2. Thomas Weidner: Amazonas - Art für Art, Erdfresser - Die Gattung Geophagus. Natur und Tier - Verlag GmbH 2009, ISBN 978-3866591028
  3. Thomas Weidner: Fortpflanzungsverhalten bei Geophagus parnaibae, DCG-Informationen, Ausgabe: Nr.: 1. 2007, Seiten: 16 - 23
  4. Kullander, S.O. 1998. A phylogeny and classification of the South American Cichlidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Pp. 461-498 in Malabarba, L.R, R.E. Reis, R.P. Vari, Z.M.S. Lucena, & C.A.S. Lucena (Hrsg.), Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes. Edipucrs, Porto Alegre.
  5. Hernán López-Fernándeza, Kirk O. Winemillerc, & Rodney L. Honeycutt: Multilocus phylogeny and rapid radiations in Neotropical cichlid fishes (Perciformes: Cichlidae: Cichlinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Volume 55, Issue 3, Juni 2010, Pages 1070-1086 doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.02.020
  6. Ximenes, A.M., Bittencourt, P.S., Machado, V.N., Hrbek, T. & Farias, I.P. (2021): Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin. PeerJ, 9: e12443. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12443
  7. Leandro Araujo Argolo, Hernán López-Fernández, Henrique Batalha-Filhoa, Paulo Roberto, Antunes de Mello Affonso: Unraveling the systematics and evolution of the ‘Geophagus’ brasiliensis (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) species complex. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Mai 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106855
licença
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Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia DE

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Geophagus ist eine Buntbarschgattung aus dem nördlichen und mittleren Südamerika. Die Fische kommen vor allem in fließenden Gewässern vor. Ihr Name setzt sich aus dem griechischen „geos“ (= Erde) und „phagein“ (= fressen) zusammen, bedeutet also Erdfresser und nimmt Bezug auf die Art der Nahrungsaufnahme der Fische, die für gewöhnlich Sand oder Schlamm vom Bodengrund aufnehmen, die essbaren Bestandteile mit Hilfe der Kiemenreuse ausfiltern und die ungenießbaren Teile durch die Kiemenspalten wieder ausstoßen.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia DE

Geophagus ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Geophagus is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Argentina and Uruguay, but a single species, G. crassilabris is from Panama.[1][2] They are found in a wide range of freshwater habitats.[3] They are part of a group popularly known as eartheaters and mostly feed by picking up mouthfuls of sediment to sift out food items such as invertebrates, plant material and detritus.[3] The largest species reach up to 28 cm (11 in) in standard length.[3] They are mostly kept in aquariums.[4]

As an invasive species

Geophagus Surinamensis was an invasive species in Malaysia, recently found in Putrajaya, the populations are now controlled by giant snakeheads.

Taxonomy

A species in the Geophagus surinamensis complex, a member of Geophagus sensu stricto

Some cichlids previously included in this genus have been reallocated to Biotodoma, Gymnogeophagus or Satanoperca.[5] Even with these as separate genera, Geophagus is currently polyphyletic and in need of further taxonomic revision. There are three main groups:[3][6][7][8]

  • Geophagus sensu stricto are mostly relatively peaceful, often have long fin extensions and are native to the Amazon, Orinoco and Parnaíba basins, as well as rivers of the Guianas. This group can be divided into two subgroups: The first is the G. surinamensis complex, which includes most species (fish in the aquarium trade often are identified as G. surinamensis itself, but they are typically other members of this complex.) The second subgroup contains G. argyrostictus, G. gottwaldi, G. grammepareius, G. harreri and G. taeniopareius, which are somewhat less peaceful and can be separated from the G. surinamensis complex by their dark stripe below the eye (however, this feature is shared with the next group).
  • G. brasiliensis complex (including G. diamantinensis, G. iporangensis, G. itapicuruensis, G. multiocellus, G. obscurus, G. rufomarginatus and G. santosi) are more robust and aggressive species found in river basins of eastern and southeastern Brazil, Uruguay and northeastern Argentina.
  • G. steindachneri complex (including G. crassilabris and G. pellegrini and undescribed species entering the aquarium trade from Colombia) found west of the Andes in northern and western Colombia, northwestern Venezuela and Panama where adult males develop a distinct, bulbous red forehead.

Species

Geophagus pyrocephalus also known as Geophagus sp. "orange head" from the Tapajós River.The new species of Geophagus naming a cichlid species in 2022 [4]

There are currently 32 recognized species in this genus.[1][9] Additionally, plus the species already described in 2022 that are known.The new species of Geophagus naming a cichlid species in 2022

References

  1. ^ a b Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Geophagus in FishBase. October 2017 version.
  2. ^ a b Mattos, J.L.O., Costa, W.J.E.M. & Santos, A.C.A. (2015): Geophagus diamantinensis, a new species of the G. brasiliensis species group from Chapada Diamantina, north-eastern Brazil (Cichlidae: Geophagini). Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 26 (3): 209-220.
  3. ^ a b c d van der Sleen, P.; J.S. Albert, eds. (2017). Field Guide to the Fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Guianas. Princeton University Press. pp. 374–375. ISBN 978-0691170749.
  4. ^ a b "Geophagus sp. 'orange head'". SeriouslyFish. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  5. ^ Kullander, S.O. (1986). Cichlid fishes of the Amazon River drainage of Peru. Swedish Museum of Natural History. ISBN 9186510045.
  6. ^ López-Fernández, H..; D.C. Taphorn (2004). "Geophagus abalios, G. dicrozoster and G. winemilleri (Perciformes: Cichlidae), three new species from Venezuela". Zootaxa. 439: 1–27. doi:10.5281/zenodo.157563.
  7. ^ López-Fernández, H.; R.L. Honeycutt; M.L.J. Stiassny; K.O. Winemiller (2005). "Morphology, molecules, and character congruence in the phylogeny of South American geophagine cichlids (Perciformes, Labroidei)". Zoologica Scripta. 34 (6): 627–651. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00209.x.
  8. ^ a b c d Mattos, J.L.O.; W.J.E.M. Costa (2018). "Three new species of the 'Geophagus' brasiliensis species group from the northeast Brazil (Cichlidae, Geophagini)". Zoosystematics and Evolution. 94 (2): 325–337. doi:10.3897/zse.94.22685.
  9. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Geophagus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  10. ^ Hauser, F.E. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 279–286.
  11. ^ Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 56: 91-97.
  12. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (22 September 2018). "Order CICHLIFORMES: Family CICHLIDAE: Subfamily CICHLINAE (d-w)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  13. ^ Deprá, G.C., Kullander, S.O., Pavanelli, C.S. & da Graça, W.J. (2014). "A new colorful species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae), endemic to the rio Aripuanã in the Amazon basin of Brazil" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 12 (4): 737–746. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20140038. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-29.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  14. ^ Staeck, W. & Schindler, I. (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaiba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 55: 69-75.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Geophagus.
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Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Geophagus is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Argentina and Uruguay, but a single species, G. crassilabris is from Panama. They are found in a wide range of freshwater habitats. They are part of a group popularly known as eartheaters and mostly feed by picking up mouthfuls of sediment to sift out food items such as invertebrates, plant material and detritus. The largest species reach up to 28 cm (11 in) in standard length. They are mostly kept in aquariums.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EN

Geophagus ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

Geophagus es un género de la familia Cichlidae, polifilético que necesita una revisión taxonnomica profesional. Algunos cíclidos anteriormente incluidos en este género, han sido movidos al género Gymnogeophagus o al Satanoperca.

Sensu stricto species include the true geophagines of very peaceful disposition usualmente con largas extensiones en las aletas como la especie Geophagus altifrons. Sensu lato geophagines include the much more robust and aggressive species of the Geophagus brasiliensis complex.

Se le reconoce por un particular lóbulo en la parte superior del primer arco branquial, y la presencia de 3 espinas en la aleta anal.

Especies

FishBase lista 22 especies y recientemente han sido añadidas 2 nuevas especies para un total de 24 especies:

Referencias

  • Schindler, Ingo & Staeck, Wolfgang (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 56: 91-97 PDF fulltext
  • Staeck, Wolfgang & Schindler, Ingo (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaiba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 55: 69-75 PDF fulltext
  • Especies de "Geophagus". En FishBase. (Rainer Froese y Daniel Pauly, eds.). Consultada en May de 2006. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
  1. a b Lucinda, P.H.F., C.A.S. Lucena and N.C. Assis, 2010. Two new species of cichlid fish genus Geophagus Heckel from the Rio Tocantins drainage (Perciformes: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 2429:29-42.
 title=
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Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

Geophagus es un género de la familia Cichlidae, polifilético que necesita una revisión taxonnomica profesional. Algunos cíclidos anteriormente incluidos en este género, han sido movidos al género Gymnogeophagus o al Satanoperca.

Sensu stricto species include the true geophagines of very peaceful disposition usualmente con largas extensiones en las aletas como la especie Geophagus altifrons. Sensu lato geophagines include the much more robust and aggressive species of the Geophagus brasiliensis complex.

Se le reconoce por un particular lóbulo en la parte superior del primer arco branquial, y la presencia de 3 espinas en la aleta anal.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia ES

Geophagus ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Geophagus Cichlidae familiako arrain genero bat da. Hego Amerikan bizi dira, Uruguairaino. Espezie bat Panaman bizi da.

Espezieak

Erreferentziak

  1. Hauser, F.E. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 279–286.
  2. Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 56: 91-97.
  3. .
  4. Staeck, W. & Schindler, I. (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaiba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 55: 69-75.
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Geophagus Cichlidae familiako arrain genero bat da. Hego Amerikan bizi dira, Uruguairaino. Espezie bat Panaman bizi da.

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Geophagus ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Geophagus est un genre de poissons de la famille des Cichlidae.

Liste des espèces

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Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Geophagus est un genre de poissons de la famille des Cichlidae.

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Geofagai ( Lituano )

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Geofagai: Brief Summary ( Lituano )

fornecido por wikipedia LT

Geofagai (lot. Geophagus) – daugiaspalvių ešeržuvių (Cichlidae) šeimos žuvų gentis.

Vienu metu daug rūšių buvo priskirriama šiai genčiai. dabar daug jų perkeliama į kitas gentis, žinomiausia Satanoperca. Kai kurios rūšys neršia tiesiog ant grunto (G. argyrostictus, G. grammepareius, G. taeniopareius), o kitos inkubuoja ikrus burnoje.

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Geophagus ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Vissen

Geophagus is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van cichliden (Cichlidae).[1]

Soorten

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Geophagus. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
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wikipedia NL

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Geophagus is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van cichliden (Cichlidae).

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Geophagus ( Norueguês )

fornecido por wikipedia NO

Geophagus («jordspisere») er en gruppe ciklider. Som navnet antyder, finner de føde ved å ta bunnsubstrat i munnen og spyle de uspiselige bestanddelene ut gjennom gjellene.

Gruppen er for øyeblikket polyfyletisk og trenger mer taksonomisk arbeide. Noen ciklider som tidligere ble talt i denne gruppen, har blitt flyttet til Gymnogeophagus eller Satanoperca.

Eksterne lenker

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wikipedia NO

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Norueguês )

fornecido por wikipedia NO

Geophagus («jordspisere») er en gruppe ciklider. Som navnet antyder, finner de føde ved å ta bunnsubstrat i munnen og spyle de uspiselige bestanddelene ut gjennom gjellene.

Gruppen er for øyeblikket polyfyletisk og trenger mer taksonomisk arbeide. Noen ciklider som tidligere ble talt i denne gruppen, har blitt flyttet til Gymnogeophagus eller Satanoperca.

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Geophagus ( Polonês )

fornecido por wikipedia POL

Geophagus - rodzaj słodkowodnych ryb z rodziny pielęgnicowatych zaliczany do grupy ziemiojadów (ryb przesiewających osady denne w poszukiwaniu pożywienia).

Występowanie: Ameryka Południowa.

Klasyfikacja

Gatunki zaliczane do tego rodzaju [2]:

Przypisy

  1. Geophagus, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fricke, R.: Catalog of Fishes electronic version (7 August 2012) (ang.). California Academy of Sciences. [dostęp 27 września 2012].
  3. Frances E. Hauser i Hernán López-Fernández. Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). „Zootaxa”. 3731 (2), s. 279-286, 2013. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3731.2.8 (ang.).
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wikipedia POL

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Polonês )

fornecido por wikipedia POL

Geophagus - rodzaj słodkowodnych ryb z rodziny pielęgnicowatych zaliczany do grupy ziemiojadów (ryb przesiewających osady denne w poszukiwaniu pożywienia).

Występowanie: Ameryka Południowa.

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wikipedia POL

Geophagus ( Português )

fornecido por wikipedia PT

Geophagus é um gênero de ciclídeos que vivem principalmente na América do Sul, até o sul da Argentina e do Uruguai, mas uma única espécie, G. crassilabris, é do Panamá.[1][2] Eles são encontrados em uma ampla variedade de habitats de água doce.[3] Eles fazem parte de um grupo popularmente conhecido como "comedores de terra" e se alimentam principalmente sugando bocados de areia para peneirar itens alimentares, como invertebrados, material vegetal e detritos.[3] As maiores espécies atingem mais de 28 cm.[3] Eles são freqüentemente criados em aquários.[4]

Taxonomia

 src=
Espécie do gênero Geophagus, membro do Geophagus sensu stricto
 src=
Geophagus steindachneri

Alguns ciclídeos anteriormente incluídos neste gênero foram realocados para os gêneros Biotodoma, Gymnogeophagus ou Satanoperca.[5] Mesmo com esses gêneros separados, o Geophagus é atualmente polifilético e necessita de mais revisões taxonômicas. Existem três grupos principais:[2][3][6]

  • O geophagus sensu stricto é, em sua maioria, relativamente pacífico, geralmente possui extensões longas de barbatanas e é nativo das bacias do Amazonas, Orinoco e Parnaíba, bem como dos rios das Guianas. Peixes neste grupo são freqüentemente identificados no comércio de peixes de aquário como "Geophagus surinamensis". A identidade dessa espécie em particular é um tanto incerta; os peixes no comércio são normalmente outros membros do complexo.
  • Espécies mais robustas e agressivas do complexo G. brasiliensis (incluindo G. diamantinensis, G. iporangensis, G. itapicuruensis e G. obscurus) encontradas em bacias hidrográficas do leste e sudeste do Brasil, Uruguai e nordeste da Argentina.
  • O complexo trans-andino G. steindachneri (incluindo G. crassilabris e G. Pellegrini) do norte e do oeste da Colômbia, noroeste da Venezuela e Panamá, onde os machos adultos desenvolvem uma distinta testa vermelha bulbosa.

Espécies

 src=
Geophagus sp., uma espécie não descritas do rio Tapajós [4]

Existem atualmente 28 espécies reconhecidas neste gênero.[1] Além disso, espécies não descritas são conhecidas.[4]

  • Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
  • Geophagus altifrons Heckel, 1840
  • Geophagus argyrostictus SO Kullander, 1991
  • Geophagus brachybranchus SO Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
  • Geophagus brasiliensis ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Cará/Acará-diadema)
  • Brokopondo de Geophagus SO Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
  • Geophagus camopiensis Pellegrin, 1903
  • Geophagus crassilabris Steindachner, 1876
  • Geophagus crocatus Hauser & López-Fernández, 2013[7]
  • Geophagus diamantinensis Mattos, WJEM Costa e ACA Santos, 2015 [2]
  • Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
  • Geophagus gottwaldi I. Schindler & Staeck, 2006 [8]
  • Geophagus grammepareius SO Kullander & Taphorn, 1992
  • Geophagus harreri JP Gosse, 1976
  • Geophagus iporangensis Haseman, 1911
  • Geophagus itapicuruensis Haseman, 1911
  • Geophagus megasema Heckel, 1840
  • Geophagus mirabilis Deprá, SO Kullander, Pavanelli e da Graça, 2014[9]
  • Geophagus neambi PHL Lucinda, CAS de Lucena & Assis, 2010
  • Geophagus obscurus Castelnau, 1855
  • Geophagus parnaibae Staeck & I. Schindler, 2006[10]
  • Geophagus pellegrini Regan, 1912
  • Geophagus proximus Castelnau, 1855. (Peixe-porquinho/Acará-tinga)
  • Geophagus steindachneri CH Eigenmann e Hildebrand, 1922
  • Geophagus surinamensis Bloch, 1791
  • Geophagus sveni PHF Lucinda, CAS de Lucena e Assis, 2010
  • Geophagus taeniopareius SO Kullander e Royero-L. 1992
  • Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004

Referências

  1. a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). Espécies de {{{genus}}} em FishBase. Versão de Abril de 2006.
  2. a b c Mattos, J.L.O., Costa, W.J.E.M. & Santos, A.C.A. (2015): Geophagus diamantinensis, a new species of the G. brasiliensis species group from Chapada Diamantina, north-eastern Brazil (Cichlidae: Geophagini). Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 26 (3): 209-220.
  3. a b c d Field Guide to the Fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Guianas (em inglês). [S.l.: s.n.] ISBN 978-0691170749
  4. a b c «Geophagus sp. 'orange head'»
  5. Kullander, S.O. Cichlid fishes of the Amazon River drainage of Peru. [S.l.: s.n.] ISBN 9186510045
  6. «Morphology, molecules, and character congruence in the phylogeny of South American geophagine cichlids (Perciformes, Labroidei)». Zoologica Scripta. 34. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00209.x
  7. Hauser, F.E. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 279–286.
  8. Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 56: 91-97.
  9. «A new colorful species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae), endemic to the rio Aripuanã in the Amazon basin of Brazil» (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 12 [ligação inativa]
  10. Staeck, W. & Schindler, I. (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - uma nova espécie de peixe ciclídeo (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) da bacia do rio Parnaíba, Brasil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 55: 69-75.
 title=
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original
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wikipedia PT

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Português )

fornecido por wikipedia PT

Geophagus é um gênero de ciclídeos que vivem principalmente na América do Sul, até o sul da Argentina e do Uruguai, mas uma única espécie, G. crassilabris, é do Panamá. Eles são encontrados em uma ampla variedade de habitats de água doce. Eles fazem parte de um grupo popularmente conhecido como "comedores de terra" e se alimentam principalmente sugando bocados de areia para peneirar itens alimentares, como invertebrados, material vegetal e detritos. As maiores espécies atingem mais de 28 cm. Eles são freqüentemente criados em aquários.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia PT

Geophagus ( Ucraniano )

fornecido por wikipedia UK
  1. California Academy of Sciences. Архів оригіналу за 2013-06-27. Процитовано 2009-10-28.


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wikipedia UK

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Ucraniano )

fornecido por wikipedia UK
California Academy of Sciences. Архів оригіналу за 2013-06-27. Процитовано 2009-10-28.


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Автори та редактори Вікіпедії
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wikipedia UK

Geophagus ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Cá quan đao hay cá hải hồ (Danh pháp khoa học: Geophagus) là một chi cá trong họ Cichlidae

Các loài

Tham khảo

  1. ^ Hauser, F.E. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 279–286.
  2. ^ Schindler, Ingo & Staeck, Wolfgang (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 56: 91-97 PDF fulltext
  3. ^ Deprá, G.C., Kullander, S.O., Pavanelli, C.S. & da Graça, W.J. (2014). “A new colorful species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae), endemic to the rio Aripuanã in the Amazon basin of Brazil” (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (4): 737–746.
  4. ^ Staeck, Wolfgang & Schindler, Ingo (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaiba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 55: 69-75 PDF fulltext
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wikipedia VI

Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Cá quan đao hay cá hải hồ (Danh pháp khoa học: Geophagus) là một chi cá trong họ Cichlidae

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Geophagus ( Russo )

fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию

Geophagus (лат.) — род пресноводных рыб из семейства цихлид отряда окунеобразных.

Размеры геофагусов от 7,6 до 28 см. Окраска достаточно яркая с пятнами или поперечными полосами на боках и яркоокрашеными плавниками, красноватыми или зелёно-голубыми с мелкими перламутровыми пятнами. Самцы ярче и крупнее самок. Распространены в пресных водоёмах Южной Америке, в основном в бассейнах крупных рек. Плодовитость составляет до 500 икринок. Производители (чаще самец) через 1—2 суток забирают икру с субстрата в рот, и через 8—10 дней выпускают молодь. Условия содержания в аквариуме: температура воды +24…+30 °С, рН = 6,0—7,2, жёсткость воды dH до 12°. Для нереста используют нерестовики размером 100 х 40 х 40 см. В неволе рыбы живут 5—6 лет.[1][2]

Классификация

В роде Geophagus 25 видов[1]:

Примечания

  1. 1 2 FishBase: SpeciesList of Geophagus
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Кочетов А. М. Декоративное рыбоводство. — М.: Просвещение, 1991. — 384 с. — 300000 экз. — ISBN 5-09-001433-7
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Geophagus: Brief Summary ( Russo )

fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
 src= Львиноголовый геофаг (Geophagus steindachneri)

Geophagus (лат.) — род пресноводных рыб из семейства цихлид отряда окунеобразных.

Размеры геофагусов от 7,6 до 28 см. Окраска достаточно яркая с пятнами или поперечными полосами на боках и яркоокрашеными плавниками, красноватыми или зелёно-голубыми с мелкими перламутровыми пятнами. Самцы ярче и крупнее самок. Распространены в пресных водоёмах Южной Америке, в основном в бассейнах крупных рек. Плодовитость составляет до 500 икринок. Производители (чаще самец) через 1—2 суток забирают икру с субстрата в рот, и через 8—10 дней выпускают молодь. Условия содержания в аквариуме: температура воды +24…+30 °С, рН = 6,0—7,2, жёсткость воды dH до 12°. Для нереста используют нерестовики размером 100 х 40 х 40 см. В неволе рыбы живут 5—6 лет.

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게오파구스 ( Coreano )

fornecido por wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

게오파구스속(Geophagus)은 키클라과에 속하는 관상어 어류 속의 하나이다. 남쪽 우루과이까지의 남아메리카에서 주로 서식하지만, 단일종 G. crassilabris파나마에서 발견된다.

하위 종

현재 27종이 알려져 있다.

  • Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
  • Geophagus altifrons Heckel, 1840
  • Geophagus argyrostictus S. O. Kullander, 1991
  • Geophagus brachybranchus S. O. Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
  • Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
  • Geophagus brokopondo S. O. Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
  • Geophagus camopiensis Pellegrin, 1903
  • Geophagus crassilabris Steindachner, 1876
  • Geophagus crocatus Hauser & López-Fernández, 2013[1]
  • Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
  • Geophagus gottwaldi I. Schindler & Staeck, 2006[2]
  • Geophagus grammepareius S. O. Kullander & Taphorn, 1992
  • Geophagus harreri J. P. Gosse, 1976
  • Geophagus iporangensis Haseman, 1911
  • Geophagus itapicuruensis Haseman, 1911
  • Geophagus megasema Heckel, 1840
  • Geophagus mirabilis Deprá, S. O. Kullander, Pavanelli & da Graça, 2014[3]
  • Geophagus neambi P. H. L. Lucinda, C. A. S. de Lucena & Assis, 2010
  • Geophagus obscurus (Castelnau, 1855)
  • Geophagus parnaibae Staeck & I. Schindler, 2006[4]
  • Geophagus pellegrini Regan, 1912
  • Geophagus proximus (Castelnau, 1855).
  • Geophagus steindachneri C. H. Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1922
  • Geophagus surinamensis (Bloch, 1791)
  • Geophagus sveni P. H. F. Lucinda, C. A. S. de Lucena & Assis, 2010
  • Geophagus taeniopareius S. O. Kullander & Royero-L., 1992
  • Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004

계통 분류

게오파구스족 G‑G‑D Microgeophagina  

Microgeophagus

   

Brasil-Perlmuttbarsch „Geophagus“ brasiliensis-Artengruppe.

      Crenicaratina    

Dicrossus

   

Crenicara

     

Biotodoma

    Geophagina  

Gymnogeophagus

   

게오파구스속

        C‑A‑S Crenichichlina    

Biotoecus

   

Acarichthys

     

Crenicichla + Teleocichla

      Guianacarina  

Mazarunia

   

Guianacara

    Apistogrammina    

Taeniacara

   

아피스토그람마속 + Apistogrammoides

     

Satanoperca

         
  • G-G-D = Geophagus-Gymnogeophagus-Dicrossus 분류군
  • C-A-S = Crenicichla-Apistogramma-Satanoperca 분류군

각주

  1. Hauser, F.E. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 279–286.
  2. Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 56: 91-97.
  3. Deprá, G.C., Kullander, S.O., Pavanelli, C.S. & da Graça, W.J. (2014). “A new colorful species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae), endemic to the rio Aripuanã in the Amazon basin of Brazil” (PDF). 《Neotropical Ichthyology,》 12 (4): 737–746. 2014년 12월 29일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2014년 12월 29일에 확인함.
  4. Staeck, W. & Schindler, I. (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaiba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 55: 69-75.
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