Life Cycle
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Spawning seems to take place in small groups in river mouths. Females lay millions of relatively large eggs rich in yolk.
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Trophic Strategy
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Mainly found in brackish estuaries but also in marine and hyper-saline waters (Ref. 5217).
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Biology
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Mainly found in brackish estuaries but also in marine and hyper-saline waters (Ref. 5217). During reproduction, they gather in small groups at the mouth of coastal rivers and creeks. Reproduction occurs in the early part of the year. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Eggs which are rich in yolk are spawned by the millions. Upon hatching, juveniles move up to the swamps and coastal rivers over long distances, to seek for food and to protect themselves against predators (Ref. 35237). Marketed fresh or salted (Ref. 5217). The roe is marketed salt-pickled and dried and considered a delicacy (Ref. 5217).
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Importance
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fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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