dcsimg

Trophic Strategy ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans are mainly frugivorous. They eat various fruits and berries including Rubus and Cecropia. In a recent study, 100% of the stomach contents found in a sample of fourteen grey-breasted mountain toucans was fruit. However, animals may be fed to the young. Grey-breasted mountain toucans may forage for food alone, in pairs, or in groups of up to six. They search for food both near the ground and near the top of the canopy. While searching for food they are generally very quiet. While feeding they are able to hang upside-down. Occasionally, they will join flocks of tanagers, thrushes, and New World blackbirds while foraging.

Plant Foods: seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit

Primary Diet: herbivore (Frugivore )

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Benefits ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans are very aesthetically pleasing to the human eye, with their very brightly colored, attractive plumage. The fact that many bird-watchers travel to the Andes to see these beautiful birds, among many others, can provide economic benefits to some local economies.

Positive Impacts: ecotourism

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Benefits ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

There are no known adverse effects of grey-breasted mountain toucans on humans.

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Conservation Status ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

According to the IUCN Red List, in 1988 grey-breasted mountain toucans were considered threatened. However, in 1994 their status was lowered to near threatened/lower risk. Reasons that this species belongs on the nearly threatened list include: habitat loss and degradation due to agriculture, livestock, mining, and small scale subsistence farming. The majority of degradation is occurring at lower altitudes, which mountain toucans do not occupy. However, some of the higher zones that include their elevational range are being cleared as well. Problems appear to be most severe in Colombia and least severe in southeastern Peru. Several protected areas have been named that should safeguard habitat of this species, for instance Las Cajas National Recreation Area and Podocarpus National Park in Ecuador.

US Migratory Bird Act: no special status

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: near threatened

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Behavior ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

The song of grey-breasted mountain toucans is a loud, low, slowly rising, rather cat-like "gweeeeeeeeeat" lasting from 1.75 to over 2 seconds. This is the longest known piciform note. They will repeat this song slowly at 24 to 36 per minute. They also occasionally make variable bill rattling sounds. In alarm or aggression, grey-breasted mountain toucans give a single or irregularly repeated sharp "wek" note, and in alarm they sometimes add bill-snapping.

Communication Channels: acoustic

Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Sem título ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans are one of the four species in the genus Andigena, known as mountain toucans. This genus is characterized by their denser, more lax plumage than in other large toucans, correlated with the higher altitudes they inhabit. They also have a relatively shallow, broad-based, long bills compared to most other toucans. Grey-breasted mountain toucans of the isolated canyons of the Andes are thought to have a limited exchange of species and a smaller gene flow than in more open areas. Little is known about the genus Andigena relative to other species of toucans.

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Associations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Little is known about specific ecosystem roles of grey-breasted mountain toucans. However, toucans as a group suffer from predation during their breeding times. Snakes take eggs from the nests of toucans, decreasing reproductive success. Flightless or poorly flighted young are also more susceptible to predation than adults. Grey-breasted mountain toucans eat mostly seeds and berries. When they carry these foods in their bills some drop to the ground and become dispersed. This helps to spread plant growth in their ecosystem. Grey-breasted mountain toucans are evidently the sole known hosts for the parasitic chewing louse Austrophilopterus andigenae (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae), which feeds on feathers of the head and neck.

Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds

Commensal/Parasitic Species:

  • Austrophilopterus andigenae
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans are found in the northern and central Andes Mountains of South America, from central Columbia to southeastern Peru. They are an eastern-slope species and therefore are found mostly on the eastern side of the Andes Mountains, but in Columbia they also occur on the western slope of the Central Andes. The subspecies Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca is found in the mountains from central Colombia to eastern Ecuador. The other subspecies, Andigena hypoglauca lateralis, is found in the Andes from eastern Ecuador to Peru.

Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Habitat ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans live in wet, temperate, montane forest areas, including forest borders, wooded gullies, and stunted woodlands near treeline. They are uncommon and local in these areas. Grey-breasted mountain toucans are arboreal and are often seen in tall emergent trees. This species lives at higher altitudes than nearly all other toucans, generally between 2200 and 3650 meters above sea level. Although some are found at the same altitude as black-billed mountain toucans (Andigena nigrirostris), they do not occur together. Occasionally grey-breasted mountain toucans are found at lower altitudes; for example in some places in Peru they can be found at an elevation of 1800 meters and in Ecuador at 1700 meters above sea level.

Range elevation: 2200 to 3650 m.

Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; mountains

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Life Expectancy ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

There is no data for the longevity of toucans in the wild. However, in captivity they routinely live for twenty years or more.

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Morphology ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans are usually 46 to 48 centimeters in length, moderately large for toucans. They have a black cap, nape, and face, green-tinged brown back, dark greener wings, and dark grey-blue underparts. In addition, the hindcollar is pale blue, the rump is bright yellow, the tail blackish to brown, with chestnut tips to the 2-3 central pairs of rectrices, the thighs are chestnut, and the undertail coverts red. The bare circumorbital skin is dark blue, paler blue at the base of the bill, the eyes pale yellow to brown, depending on subspecies (see below). Their large bills are mainly yellow to greenish-yellow, with the culmen and tip of the upper mandible broadly red, bordered proximally by a black triangle, and with a broad black vertical strap near the bill base; the sides have serrations (“teeth”). The sexes are monomorphic, although females have a shorter bill. Young of this species are duller, with muted colors. They have no marks at the base of their bills and they lack "teeth”. Only a few physical traits differentiate the two subspecies. A. h. lateralis has a paler yellow rump, a pale yellow flank patch, and eyes that are yellow to green with a blue outer ring. The flat wing range of males is 170 to 178 mm, the tails are 156.5 to 175 mm, and the bill length ranges from 85.5 to 102 mm. A. h. hypoglauca have a dark brown iris and are generally a few millimeters larger than A. h. lateralis. The typical adult male wing measurements range from 176 to 183 mm. Their tails range from 162 to 172 mm and their bills range from 88 to 100 mm in length.

Range mass: 244 to 370 g.

Range length: 46 to 48 cm.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry

Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike; sexes shaped differently

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Associations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Specific predators of grey-breasted mountain toucans are unknown.

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Reproduction ( Inglês )

fornecido por Animal Diversity Web

Grey-breasted mountain toucans are thought to breed from December to February in Colombia and from June to November in Ecuador and Peru. It is suspected that at these times in each region the number of plants that bear fruit is very high. There are no specific records of grey-breasted mountain toucan breeding behavior, nests or eggs. However, many generalizations have been made about other, similar toucans. Generally, mountain toucans breed in pairs, not groups. When mating they are not known to do anything elaborate. In some cases copulation occurs without a mating ritual. Their colors and markings do not change seasonally but are thought to be important in courtship. The most common mating ritual is courtship feeding, which is performed by all species of toucans. In captivity large toucans will kill other toucans of the same species if they are in the same cage once breeding has begun.

None of this information is known. Other species of toucans lay between one and five eggs daily. Copulation still occurs during the laying cycle. In many cases the female will incubate the eggs more than the male. Data for incubation periods are only available for eleven species of toucans. The nestling period for all toucans seems to range between 40 and 60 days. It is rare for young under the age of one year to breed. In some cases, young are forced out of their family group.

Breeding season: Breeding occurs from December to February in Columbia and June to November in Peru and Ecuador.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; oviparous

Both parents care for the young. When the eggs hatch the young are naked and blind. Typically piciforms have short incubation periods but a long nestling period during which the parents brood and feed their young. Generally, adult toucans bring food to the nest either in their throat, stomach, or more often their bill. The parents use their bills as well to remove waste from the nest. No specific information is known about parental investment of grey-breasted mountain toucans. If breeding occurs in pairs, then presumably both parents contribute to the care and protection of their offspring.

Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female)

licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
citação bibliográfica
Naymick, L. 2008. "Andigena hypoglauca" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Andigena_hypoglauca.html
autor
Lisa Naymick, Michigan State University
editor
Pamela Rasmussen, Michigan State University
editor
Tanya Dewey, Animal Diversity Web
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Animal Diversity Web

Andigena hypoglauca ( Bretã )

fornecido por wikipedia BR

Andigena hypoglauca[1] a zo ur spesad evned eus ar c'herentiad Ramphastidae.

Anvet e voe Pteroglossus hypoglaucus (kentanv) da gentañ-penn (e 1833) gant ar skiantour saoz John Gould (1804-1881).

Doareoù pennañ

Boued

Bevañ a ra diwar hugennoù dreist-holl ha frouezh o bouedenn wak all.

Annez hag isspesadoù

 src=
  • ██ Tiriad Andigena hypoglauca.
  • Ar spesad a gaver an daou isspesad anezhañ[2] en Andoù :

    • Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca, eus Andoù ar C'hreiz e Kolombia da reter Ecuador,
    • A. h. lateralis, en Andoù reter Ecuador ha reter Perou.

    Liammoù diavaez


    Commons
    Muioc'h a restroù diwar-benn

    a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.

    Notennoù ha daveennoù

    1. N'en deus ar spesad anv boutin ebet testeniekaet e brezhoneg evit poent.
    2. Andigena hypoglauca war al lec'hienn Avibase.
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia authors and editors
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia BR

    Andigena hypoglauca: Brief Summary ( Bretã )

    fornecido por wikipedia BR

    Andigena hypoglauca a zo ur spesad evned eus ar c'herentiad Ramphastidae.

    Anvet e voe Pteroglossus hypoglaucus (kentanv) da gentañ-penn (e 1833) gant ar skiantour saoz John Gould (1804-1881).

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia authors and editors
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia BR

    Tucà bec-roig ( Catalão; Valenciano )

    fornecido por wikipedia CA

    El tucà bec-roig (Andigena hypoglauca) és un ocell de la família dels ramfàstids (Ramphastidae) que habita la selva humida dels Andes del sud de Colòmbia i est d'Equador i de Perú.

    Referències

     src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Tucà bec-roig Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autors i editors de Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia CA

    Tucà bec-roig: Brief Summary ( Catalão; Valenciano )

    fornecido por wikipedia CA

    El tucà bec-roig (Andigena hypoglauca) és un ocell de la família dels ramfàstids (Ramphastidae) que habita la selva humida dels Andes del sud de Colòmbia i est d'Equador i de Perú.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autors i editors de Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia CA

    Twcan mynydd bronllwyd ( Galês )

    fornecido por wikipedia CY

    Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Twcan mynydd bronllwyd (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: twcaniaid mynydd bronllwyd) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Andigena hypoglauca; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Grey-breasted mountain toucan. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Twcaniaid (Lladin: Ramphastidae) sydd yn urdd y Piciformes.[1]

    Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn A. hypoglauca, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Ne America.

    Teulu

    Mae'r twcan mynydd bronllwyd yn perthyn i deulu'r Twcaniaid (Lladin: Ramphastidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

    Rhestr Wicidata:

    rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd
    Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

    Gweler hefyd

    Cyfeiriadau

    1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
    2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia CY

    Twcan mynydd bronllwyd: Brief Summary ( Galês )

    fornecido por wikipedia CY

    Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Twcan mynydd bronllwyd (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: twcaniaid mynydd bronllwyd) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Andigena hypoglauca; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Grey-breasted mountain toucan. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Twcaniaid (Lladin: Ramphastidae) sydd yn urdd y Piciformes.

    Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn A. hypoglauca, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Ne America.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia CY

    Gråbrystet bjergtukan ( Dinamarquês )

    fornecido por wikipedia DA

    Gråbrystet bjergtukan (latin: Andigena hypoglauca) er en fugl i familien tukaner i ordenen spættefugle, der lever i Andesbjergene.

    Kilder

    Eksterne henvisninger

    Stub
    Denne artikel om fugle er kun påbegyndt. Hvis du ved mere om emnet, kan du hjælpe Wikipedia ved at udvide den.
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia-forfattere og redaktører
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia DA

    Gråbrystet bjergtukan: Brief Summary ( Dinamarquês )

    fornecido por wikipedia DA

    Gråbrystet bjergtukan (latin: Andigena hypoglauca) er en fugl i familien tukaner i ordenen spættefugle, der lever i Andesbjergene.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia-forfattere og redaktører
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia DA

    Blautukan ( Alemão )

    fornecido por wikipedia DE
     src=
    Dunkeläugige Unterart Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca in Kolumbien.

    Der Blautukan (Andigena hypoglauca) ist eine Vogelart aus der Gattung der Blautukane (Andigena) in der Familie der Tukane (Ramphastidae), die in Südamerika vorkommt.

    Blautukane besiedeln ausschließlich Bergwälder und sind auf Grund ihrer Größe und ihres großen, mehrfarbigen Schnabels nur mit wenigen anderen Tukanarten zu verwechseln. Der ansonsten ähnliche Schwarzschnabeltukan weist im Gegensatz zum Blautukan eine auffällige weiße Kehle auf. Der Schwarzkopftukan hat keinen partiell orangeroten Schnabel. Vom Blautukan werden zwei Unterarten beschrieben.

    Die IUCN stuft den Blautukan als in geringem Maße bedroht (near threatened) ein. Genaue Bestandszahlen liegen nicht vor, im Verbreitungsgebiet werden jedoch zunehmend die geeigneten Lebensräume zerstört, so dass die Bestandszahlen rückläufig sind.[1]

    Erscheinungsbild

    Die Körperlänge adulter Blautukane beträgt 43 bis 48 Zentimeter.[2] Die Männchen der Nominatform erreichen eine Flügellänge von 16,3 bis 18,2 Zentimetern. Der Schwanz ist zwischen 15,9 und 17,5 Zentimeter lang. Die Schnabellänge beträgt 8,9 bis 9,6 Zentimeter. Es besteht kein auffälliger Sexualdimorphismus, Weibchen sind aber tendenziell etwas kleiner und haben mit 6,9 bis 8,3 Zentimetern einen etwas kürzeren Schnabel.[3]

    Die Männchen haben einen schwarzen Oberkopf und schwarze Gesichtsseiten. Quer über den Nacken verläuft ein graublaues Band, das auf den Nackenseiten etwas dunkler wird und schmal ausläuft. Der obere Rücken ist braun, der Rumpf ist grünbraun, während das Rumpfende leuchtend gelb ist. Die Oberschwanzdecken sind graugrün. Der Schwanz ist schwarzbraun. Das Kinn ist rußfarben, die Kehle dagegen graublau. Der Bauch ist blass-graublau, die Bauchseiten sind etwas dunkler. Die Oberschenkel sind dunkel kastanienbraun, die Unterschwanzdecken leuchtend rot.

    Der Oberschnabel ist an der Basis gelb mit einem schwarzen Fleck, ansonsten ist er orangerot. Der Unterschnabel ist an der Basis gleichfalls gelb und weist wie der Oberschnabel einen schwarzen Fleck auf. An der Spitze ist der Unterschnabel schwarz. Die unbefiederte Gesichtshaut ist blau und direkt um das Auge schwarz. Die Augenfarbe ist braun, die Füße und Beine sind grünlichgelb bis braungrün.

    Die Unterart Andigena h. lateralis unterscheidet sich von der Nominatform durch hellgelbe Brustflecken, eine schokoladenbraune Schenkelfärbung und eine olivgelbe Irisfärbung.

    Taxonomie und Systematik

    Der Blautukan wurde ursprünglich der Gattung Pteroglossus zugeschrieben.

    Unterarten

    Zwei Unterarten sind anerkannt:[4]

    • A. h. hypoglauca - (Gould, 1833): Vorkommen von Zentralkolumbien bis zum östlichen Ecuador
    • A. h. lateralis - (Chapman, 1923): Vorkommen im östlichen Ecuador und in Zentralperu

    Verbreitungsgebiet

    Der Blautukan kommt nur in hochgelegenen Andenwäldern von der Mitte Kolumbiens und Venezuelas bis Ecuador und Peru vor. Er hält sich in höheren Lagen auf als andere Andigena-Arten sowie als der Derby-, Grauschnabel-, Gelbbrauen- und Laucharassari, die alle zur Gattung der Grünarassaris gehören und gleichfalls Tukane der Bergregion sind.[5] In Venezuela wird der Blautukan zwischen 1800 und 2700 Höhenmetern beobachtet, in Ecuador kommt er in Höhenlagen von 2200 bis 3650 Metern vor. Er gilt grundsätzlich als seltene Art.

     src=
    Verbreitungsgebiet

    Sein Lebensraum sind feuchte Bergwälder der gemäßigten Zone, Nebelwälder und bewaldete Flussufer. Er kommt auch in dichten Sekundärwäldern sowie an Waldrändern vor.

    Lebensweise

    Der Blautukan hält sich überwiegend in Baumwipfeln auf. Nur gelegentlich kommt er auch in die Nähe des Bodens, um dort Beeren zu fressen. Während der Nahrungssuche ist er ausgesprochen wenig ruffreudig. Er wird überwiegend einzeln, in Paaren oder in kleinen Trupps von bis zu sechs Individuen beobachtet. Bei letzteren handelt es sich vermutlich um Familienverbände.[6] Während der Nahrungssuche sind Blautukane gelegentlich auch mit Bergkassiken (Cacicus leucoramphus), Blaurücken-Bergtangaren (Buthraupis montana) und Riesendrosseln (Turdus fuscater) vergesellschaftet. Ihre Haltung während der Nahrungssuche ist typischerweise sehr aufrecht. Die Nahrung besteht überwiegend aus Früchten; vermutlich spielt tierische Nahrung während der Nestlingsaufzucht eine Rolle. Über das Fortpflanzungsverhalten liegen keine Untersuchungsergebnisse vor. Vermutlich fällt die Brutzeit in Kolumbien in den Zeitraum Januar und Februar. In Peru wurden gerade ausgeflogene Jungvögel im November beobachtet.[7]

    Quellen

    Literatur

    • Werner Lantermann: Tukane und Arassaris. Filander Verlag, Fürth 2002, ISBN 3-930831-46-5
    • Lester L. Short und Jennifer F. M. Horne: Toucans, Barbets and Honeyguides - Ramphastidae, Capitonidae and Indicatoridae. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001, ISBN 0-19-854666-1

    Einzelnachweise

    1. Factsheet auf BirdLife International
    2. Lantermann, S. 162
    3. Short et al., S. 3587
    4. DOI – IOC World Bird List. Abgerufen am 24. Oktober 2021 (amerikanisches Englisch).
    5. Short et al., S. 359
    6. Short et al., S. 359
    7. Lantermann, S. 164

    Weblinks

     src=
    – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
     title=
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia DE

    Blautukan: Brief Summary ( Alemão )

    fornecido por wikipedia DE
     src= Dunkeläugige Unterart Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca in Kolumbien.

    Der Blautukan (Andigena hypoglauca) ist eine Vogelart aus der Gattung der Blautukane (Andigena) in der Familie der Tukane (Ramphastidae), die in Südamerika vorkommt.

    Blautukane besiedeln ausschließlich Bergwälder und sind auf Grund ihrer Größe und ihres großen, mehrfarbigen Schnabels nur mit wenigen anderen Tukanarten zu verwechseln. Der ansonsten ähnliche Schwarzschnabeltukan weist im Gegensatz zum Blautukan eine auffällige weiße Kehle auf. Der Schwarzkopftukan hat keinen partiell orangeroten Schnabel. Vom Blautukan werden zwei Unterarten beschrieben.

    Die IUCN stuft den Blautukan als in geringem Maße bedroht (near threatened) ein. Genaue Bestandszahlen liegen nicht vor, im Verbreitungsgebiet werden jedoch zunehmend die geeigneten Lebensräume zerstört, so dass die Bestandszahlen rückläufig sind.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia DE

    Grey-breasted mountain toucan ( Inglês )

    fornecido por wikipedia EN

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan (Andigena hypoglauca) is a Near Threatened species of bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.[2][1]

    Taxonomy and systematics

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan was originally described in the genus Pteroglossus.[3] Two subspecies are recognized, the nominate A. h. hypoglauca (Gould, 1833) and A. h. lateralis (Chapman, 1923).[2]

    The dark-eyed subspecies A. h. hypoglauca in Colombia

    Description

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan is 41 to 48 cm (16 to 19 in) long and weighs 244 to 370 g (8.6 to 13 oz). Males and females within each subspecies have the same plumage, and the two subspecies have the same bill pattern though the female's bill is shorter. The bill's base is yellow to greenish with a black band near the base. The maxilla's outer 2/3 is red, meeting the yellow diagonally. The mandible's outer half is black. Both subspecies have a black cap, face, and nape; a gray-blue band on the hindneck; a greenish brown back; and gray to gray-blue underparts. Their tail is blackish with chestnut tips on the two or three central pairs of feathers. The nominate subspecies has a bright yellow rump, pale gray-blue flanks, chestnut thighs, and red undertail coverts. Its eye is brown and surrounded by bare blue skin. Subspecies A. h. lateralis has a paler yellow rump than the nominate, pale yellow to gray-white flanks, and a yellow to green eye.[4]

    Distribution and habitat

    The nominate subspecies of grey-breasted mountain toucan is found from central and southern Colombia into eastern Ecuador. A. h. lateralis is found from eastern Ecuador south well into Peru. The species inhabits wet temperate montane forest including cloud, elfin, and secondary forest. In elevation it mostly ranges between 2,200 and 3,650 m (7,200 and 12,000 ft) though it is found as low as 1,500 m (4,900 ft) in Peru and 1,700 m (5,600 ft) in Ecuador.[4]

    Behavior

    Movement

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan is not known to have a pattern of movement.[4]

    Feeding

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan forages from near the ground up to the forest's canopy, singly, in pairs, or in small groups that might be extended families. It sometimes joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Its diet is known to include fruit and berries and is assumed to also include some vertebrates.[4]

    Breeding

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan's breeding season spans from December to February in Colombia and from June or July to November in Ecuador and Peru. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.[4]

    Vocal and non-vocal sounds

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan's song is a "low 'gweeeeeeeat'". Its calls include "wek" notes made singly or in a series, and "kek" notes in alarm or aggression. Songs and calls can include "bill-whacking".[4]

    Status

    The IUCN has assessed the grey-breasted mountain toucan as Near Threatened. Its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. The principal threat is deforestation from expanding agriculture, mining, and logging.[1] Though it occurs in some protected areas and is thought to be locally common, "[p]opulation fragmentation and inbreeding are possible problems".[4]

    References

    1. ^ a b c BirdLife International (2016). "Andigena hypoglauca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682055A92929841. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682055A92929841.en. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
    2. ^ a b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (August 2022). "Jacamars, puffbirds, barbets, toucans, honeyguides". IOC World Bird List. v 12.2. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
    3. ^ Gould, John (1833). "Pteroglossus Hypoglaucus". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. I: 70. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
    4. ^ a b c d e f g Short, L.L. and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan (Andigena hypoglauca), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.gybmot1.01 retrieved 3 January 2023
    Wikimedia Commons has media related to Andigena hypoglauca.
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia authors and editors
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia EN

    Grey-breasted mountain toucan: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

    fornecido por wikipedia EN

    The grey-breasted mountain toucan (Andigena hypoglauca) is a Near Threatened species of bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia authors and editors
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia EN

    Blubrusta tukano ( Esperanto )

    fornecido por wikipedia EO

    La Blubrusta tukano, Blubrusta montotukanoGrizbrusta tukano (Andigena hypoglauca) estas mezgranda kaj kolora birdo el la familio de la Ramfastedoj kaj ordo de Pegoformaj de Sudameriko, kiu enhavas la tukanojn, tukanetojn, arasariojn, ktp. La scienca specifa nomo Andigena hypoglauca signifas “devena de Andoj” pro la genro Andigena, tio estas montotukanoj, kaj “blua sube”, kio kongruas kun la blubrusta nomigo kiu vere markas unu el la plej karaktera eco, sed ne unika en la genro, ĉar ankaŭ la Kapuĉa montotukano (iom pli malhela) kaj la Lamenbeka montotukano montras similajn kolorojn en la subaj partoj.

    Aspekto

    Krome tiu ĉi specio montras nigran kapon (ĉefe en krono, ĉar malantaŭ okulo estas pli grizeca parto -”orelo”), kiu ĉirkaŭas etan malhelbluan nudan ĉirkaŭokulan haŭtaĵon ĉirkaŭ flava okuliriso. Ne nur la subaj partoj estas blugrizaj, sed ankaŭ la tuta kolo. La dorso estas malhelbruna kun malhelverdaj nuancoj en flugiloj kaj flava pugo, dum sube estas ruĝa. La vosto estas malhelgriza kun ruĝeca pinto. La femuroj estas kovritaj de brunaj plumoj dum la kruroj estas grizecaj.

    La bekaj markoj komencas per flava duono (pli verdeca alpinte) markita de ĉebaza nigreca strio, kiu lasas flavan makulon sub la okula parto. La dua duono estas separita ne de vertikala linio, sed iom pli diagonala, kio lasas supran ruĝan parton kaj malpli grandan nigran pinton. Kiel ĉe aliaj tukanoj, jam la koloroj de la beko sufiĉas por diferencigi la specion. Ĝenerale dirate temas pri birdo 43 al 48 cm longa kaj 250 ĝis 370 g peza.

    Habitato

    La specio troviĝas en la okcidentaj flankoj de Andoj en Kolombio, Ekvadoro kaj Peruo. Ties natura habitato estas subtropikaj aŭ tropikaj humidaj montetoj (branĉaro de arbaroj) en altitudoj ĝis la limo de arbaroj en 3500 m. La specio estas minacata de perdo de habitato.

    Kutimoj

    Tiu ĉi specio troveblas laŭ paroj aŭ etaj grupoj en la pintoj de la grandaj arboj de amazonia arbaro. Tamen foje ili povas formi pli grandajn grupojn serĉe de pli favora manĝodisponeblo. Kiel aliaj tukanoj, ili nestumas en arbotruoj. La du gepatroj kovas kaj zorgas la idaron. La junuloj kreskiĝas malrapide kaj elnestiĝas nur post 45 tagoj. La Blubrusta tukano manĝas ĉefe fruktojn foje atingitaj nur danke al iliaj longaj bekoj. Krome ili manĝas lacertojn, insektojn kaj araneojn.

    Listo des subspecioj

    • Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca (Gould, 1833)
    • Andigena hypoglauca lateralis (Chapman, 1923)

    Fontoj

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Vikipedio aŭtoroj kaj redaktantoj
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia EO

    Blubrusta tukano: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

    fornecido por wikipedia EO

    La Blubrusta tukano, Blubrusta montotukanoGrizbrusta tukano (Andigena hypoglauca) estas mezgranda kaj kolora birdo el la familio de la Ramfastedoj kaj ordo de Pegoformaj de Sudameriko, kiu enhavas la tukanojn, tukanetojn, arasariojn, ktp. La scienca specifa nomo Andigena hypoglauca signifas “devena de Andoj” pro la genro Andigena, tio estas montotukanoj, kaj “blua sube”, kio kongruas kun la blubrusta nomigo kiu vere markas unu el la plej karaktera eco, sed ne unika en la genro, ĉar ankaŭ la Kapuĉa montotukano (iom pli malhela) kaj la Lamenbeka montotukano montras similajn kolorojn en la subaj partoj.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Vikipedio aŭtoroj kaj redaktantoj
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia EO

    Andigena hypoglauca ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

    fornecido por wikipedia ES

    El tucán andino pechigrís o Terlaque andino (Andigena hypoglauca) es un miembro del género de tucanes Andigena, propio de los bosques andinos de Colombia, Perú, Ecuador preferentemente entre los 2.400 y 3.400 m de altitud, pero puede encontrarse entre los 2.000[1]​ y 3.650 msnm.[3]​ Es un ave amenazada por la pérdida de hábitat.

    Descripción

    Mide en promedio 46 cm de longitud. El pico mide entre 8,9 y 10,2 cm de largo y es coloreado, en la parte inferior amarillo en la base y negro hacia la punta, en la parte superior amarillo en la base separado por una franja negra delgada del resto que es rojo. Corona y nuca hasta los lados de la cabeza negras; anillo ocular azul turquesa; dorso y cara anterior de las alas marrón oliváceo; rabadilla superior amarilla y cola negruzca con punta color castaño. Un collar bajo la nuca, el vientre y el pecho color azul grisáceo; la rabadilla inferior roja.[4]

     src=
    Tucán pechigrís en estado salvaje.

    Alimentación

    Busca alimento en pareja o en grupos pequeños en los niveles altos de los árboles.[4]​ Es frugívoro y ocasionalmente consume vertebrados pequeños. Consume frutos de por lo menos 43 especies.[3]

    Referencias

    1. a b BirdLife International 2008. Andigena hypoglauca; IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. Consultado el 9 de noviembre de 2009.
    2. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London Pt1 no.6 p.70.
    3. a b Rengifo, Luis Miguel y Sandra Arango C. 2002. "Andigena hypoglauca"; Renjifo, L. M., A. M. Franco-Maya, J. D. Amaya-Espinel, G. H. Kattan y B. López-Lanús (eds.) Libro rojo de aves de Colombia: 283-286. Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.
    4. a b Hilty, Steven L. and William L. Brown (1986) A guide to the birds of Colombia: 328. Princeton University Press.

     title=
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autores y editores de Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia ES

    Andigena hypoglauca: Brief Summary ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

    fornecido por wikipedia ES

    El tucán andino pechigrís o Terlaque andino (Andigena hypoglauca) es un miembro del género de tucanes Andigena, propio de los bosques andinos de Colombia, Perú, Ecuador preferentemente entre los 2.400 y 3.400 m de altitud, pero puede encontrarse entre los 2.000​ y 3.650 msnm.​ Es un ave amenazada por la pérdida de hábitat.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autores y editores de Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia ES

    Andigena hypoglauca ( Basco )

    fornecido por wikipedia EU

    Andigena hypoglauca Andigena generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Ramphastidae familian sailkatua dago.

    Erreferentziak

    1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
    2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

    Ikus, gainera

    (RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia EU

    Andigena hypoglauca: Brief Summary ( Basco )

    fornecido por wikipedia EU

    Andigena hypoglauca Andigena generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Ramphastidae familian sailkatua dago.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia EU

    Toucan bleu ( Francês )

    fornecido por wikipedia FR

    Andigena hypoglauca

    Le Toucan bleu (Andigena hypoglauca) est une espèce d'oiseaux appartenant à la famille des Ramphastidae et à la sous-famille des Ramphastinae.

    Description

    Ce toucan de taille moyenne, au port compact, mesure entre 46 et 48 cm de longueur pour une masse de 244 à 370 g. Comme les autres toucans montagnards du genre Andigena, il possède un corps à dominante gris-bleu avec des ailes et une queue dans les tons vert-bronze. La tête tire sur le noir. Le bec très coloré mélange le jaune, le rouge orangé et le noir. Les sous-caudales et l'extrémité de la queue sont rouges, alors que les sus-caudales sont jaune citron. Les cuisses sont rouge sombre. Les pattes sont grisâtres. Les iris sont jaunes ou brun sombre selon la sous-espèce.

    Habitat et répartition

    Cette espèce forestière est propre aux forêts tropicales de montagnes des Andes. Elle vit dans la canopée. Son aire de répartition est discontinue et forme deux minces bandes le long des contreforts andins entre 2 400 et 3 400 m d'altitude entre la Colombie, l'Équateur et le Pérou, mais parfois entre 2 000 et 3 650 m.

    Il existe 2 sous-espèces:

    • Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca (Gould, 1833) a l'iris brun et peuple le sud de la Colombie et le centre de l'Équateur ;
    • Andigena hypoglauca lateralis (Chapman, 1923) a l'iris jaune et peuple le sud de l'Équateur et le Pérou[1].

    Comportement

    Espèce discrète et peu connue, se nourrissant souvent avec d'autres espèces (Icteridae, Thraupidae, etc.) d'oiseaux dans les branchages ou près du sol, un comportement rare pour un toucan. Se nourrit principalement de baies et autres fruits à chair tendre.

    Conservation

    Espèce encore commune localement mais dont la population globale tend à décliner à cause de la destruction de son habitat naturel.

    Références

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia FR

    Toucan bleu: Brief Summary ( Francês )

    fornecido por wikipedia FR

    Andigena hypoglauca

    Le Toucan bleu (Andigena hypoglauca) est une espèce d'oiseaux appartenant à la famille des Ramphastidae et à la sous-famille des Ramphastinae.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia FR

    Zwartmaskerbergtoekan ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

    fornecido por wikipedia NL

    Vogels

    De zwartmaskerbergtoekan (Andigena hypoglauca) is een vogel uit de familie Ramphastidae (Toekans).

    Verspreiding en leefgebied

    Deze soort komt voor van centraal Colombia tot Peru en telt 2 ondersoorten:

    • Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca: van centraal Colombia tot oostelijk Ecuador.
    • Andigena hypoglauca lateralis: oostelijk Ecuador en centraal Peru.

    Externe link

    Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia NL

    Zwartmaskerbergtoekan: Brief Summary ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

    fornecido por wikipedia NL

    De zwartmaskerbergtoekan (Andigena hypoglauca) is een vogel uit de familie Ramphastidae (Toekans).

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia NL

    Andotukan niebieski ( Polonês )

    fornecido por wikipedia POL
    Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

    Andotukan niebieski (Andigena hypoglauca) – gatunek średniego ptaka z rodziny tukanowatych (Ramphastidae). Zasiedla Amerykę Południową.

    Zasięg występowania i środowisko

    Wyróżnia się 2 podgatunki, zasiedlają następujące tereny[4]:

    Środowiskiem życia andotukanów niebieskich są wilgotne górskie lasy o umiarkowanej temperaturze, także niskie zadrzewienia na obrzeżach oraz zadrzewione wąwozy. Prowadzą nadrzewny tryb życia. Zazwyczaj są spotykane na wysokości 2200–3650 m n.p.m. Pomimo, że na podobnej wysokości występuje andotukan czarnodzioby (Andigena nigrirostris), gatunki te nie spotykają się[5].

    Morfologia

    • długość ciała: 46–48 cm
    • masa ciała: 244–370 g

    Podane niżej wymiary dotyczą samców:

    • długość skrzydła: 17–17,8 cm
    • dł. dzioba: 8,5–10,2 cm
    • dł. ogona: 15,7–17,5 cm

    Nie występuje dymorfizm płciowy, ale samice mają krótsze dzioby. Gatunek ten posiada czarną czapeczkę i kark. Grzbiet jest brązowy, ale ma lekko zielonkawe zabarwienie; natomiast skrzydła mają barwę ciemnozieloną. Dużych rozmiarów dziób, żółty do zielonkawożółtego, na górze jest zabarwiony na czerwono. Pióra na górnej części nóg kasztanowe, a ogon zielony z czerwoną końcówką. Pokrywy nadogonowe są żółte[5].

    Pożywienie

    Pożywienie A. hypoglauca stanowią głównie owoce, w tym jeżyny oraz rośliny z rodzaju Cecropia. Możliwe, że młode nie jedzą tylko pokarmu roślinnego. Szukają pożywienia przy ziemi, parami, pojedynczo albo grupami do 6 osobników; robią to cicho. Mogą zwisać do góry nogami. Czasami włączają się w stada tanagier (Thraupidae), ptaków z rodziny drozdowatych[5].

    Zachowanie

    Pieśń godową andotukan niebieski wykonuje najdłużej ze wszystkich dzięciołowych – trwa ona 1,75 do 2 sekund. Jest to głośny, powolny, wznoszący się dźwięk, przypominający miauczenie. Powtarza się 24–36 razy w ciągu minuty. Odgłos ostrzegający lub w zachowania agresywnych to ostre 'wek'. Czasem ostrzega także przez kłapanie dziobem.

    Lęgi

    Lęg trwają w Kolumbii od grudnia do lutego a w Ekwadorze i Peru od czerwca do listopada. Liczba jaj, czas wysiadywania i inne szczegółowe informacje nie są znane. Pisklętami opiekują się oboje rodzice[5].

    Przypisy

    1. Andigena hypoglauca, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
    2. Grey-breasted Mountain-toucan (Andigena hypoglauca) (ang.). IBC: The Internet Bird Collection. [dostęp 16 czerwca 2012].
    3. Andigena hypoglauca. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) (ang.).
    4. Grey-breasted Mountain-toucan (Andigena hypoglauca – Internet Bird Collection (ang.). [dostęp 28 maja 2012].
    5. a b c d Lisa Naymick: ADW: Andigena hypoglauca: Information (ang.). [dostęp 28 maja 2012].

    Linki zewnętrzne

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia POL

    Andotukan niebieski: Brief Summary ( Polonês )

    fornecido por wikipedia POL

    Andotukan niebieski (Andigena hypoglauca) – gatunek średniego ptaka z rodziny tukanowatych (Ramphastidae). Zasiedla Amerykę Południową.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia POL

    Gråbröstad bergtukan ( Sueco )

    fornecido por wikipedia SV

    Gråbröstad bergtukan[2] (Andigena hypoglauca) är en fågel i familjen tukaner inom ordningen hackspettartade fåglar.[3] IUCN kategoriserar arten som nära hotad.[1]

    Gråbröstad bergtukan delas in i två underarter:[3]

    • A. h. hypoglauca – förekommer i centrala Anderna i Colombia till östra Ecuador
    • A. h. lateralis – förekommer i Anderna i östra Ecuador och östra Peru

    Noter

    1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2012 Andigena hypoglauca Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
    2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2016) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2016-02-10
    3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2016) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2016 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-08-11

    Externa länkar

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia SV

    Gråbröstad bergtukan: Brief Summary ( Sueco )

    fornecido por wikipedia SV

    Gråbröstad bergtukan (Andigena hypoglauca) är en fågel i familjen tukaner inom ordningen hackspettartade fåglar. IUCN kategoriserar arten som nära hotad.

    Gråbröstad bergtukan delas in i två underarter:

    A. h. hypoglauca – förekommer i centrala Anderna i Colombia till östra Ecuador A. h. lateralis – förekommer i Anderna i östra Ecuador och östra Peru
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia SV

    Andigena hypoglauca ( Vietnamita )

    fornecido por wikipedia VI

    Andigena hypoglauca là một loài chim trong họ Ramphastidae.[2]

    Chú thích

    1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). Andigena hypoglauca. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2013.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 26 tháng 11 năm 2013.
    2. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

    Tham khảo


    Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến bộ Gõ kiến này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia VI

    Andigena hypoglauca: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

    fornecido por wikipedia VI

    Andigena hypoglauca là một loài chim trong họ Ramphastidae.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
    original
    visite a fonte
    site do parceiro
    wikipedia VI

    Голубая андигена ( Russo )

    fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
    Царство: Животные
    Подцарство: Эуметазои
    Без ранга: Вторичноротые
    Подтип: Позвоночные
    Инфратип: Челюстноротые
    Надкласс: Четвероногие
    Класс: Птицы
    Подкласс: Настоящие птицы
    Инфракласс: Новонёбные
    Семейство: Тукановые
    Вид: Голубая андигена
    Международное научное название

    Andigena hypoglauca (Gould, 1833)

    Подвиды
    • Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca (Gould, 1833)
    • Andigena hypoglauca lateralis (Chapman, 1923)
    Охранный статус Wikispecies-logo.svg
    Систематика
    на Викивидах
    Commons-logo.svg
    Изображения
    на Викискладе
    ITIS 554298NCBI 91761EOL 1177772

    Голубая андигена [1] (лат. Andigena hypoglauca) — вид дятлообразных птиц из семейства тукановых (Ramphastidae), обитающий во влажных горных лесах на западе Южной Америки, на высоте 2400—3350 метров[2] над уровнем моря. Их ареал протянулся вдоль андского хребта, в пределах от юго-западной части Колумбии, через центральные районы Эквадора и вплоть до юго-восточного Перу (Куско). Населяют преимущественно восточные склоны Анд. Популяции западных склонов обитают в Колумбии (Кальдас) и на юго-западе Эквадора.[3]

    Описание

    Взрослые особи достигают в длину размеров 43—48 см.[4], и массы тела 244—370 грамм. Размах крыльев у самцов варьируется в пределах от 16,3 до 18,2 см, длина хвостового оперения — 15,9 и 17,5 см, длина клюва — от 8,9 до 9,6 см. Как и у всех представителей рода, у голубой андигены отсутствует выраженный половой диморфизм. Самки, как правило, немного меньше самцов и имеют более короткий клюв (6,9—8,3 см).[5]

    Голубые андигены обладают ярко окрашенным оперением, сочетающим в себе несколько цветов и оттенков.

    Оперение затылочной части головы чёрного цвета, боковых частей головы— тёмно-синего, спины и крыльев — зеленовато-коричневого, брюшной части туловища — тёмного серо-голубого, хвоста чёрно-коричневого, бёдер — тёмно-каштанового, нижней части спины — ярко-жёлтого. Оперение копчиковой части тела и кончик хвоста ярко-красного цвета.

    Основание надклювья яркого жёлтого цвета, в остальном оно оранжево-красное. Подклювье жёлтого цвета, с чёрным пятном у окончания.[6]

    Образ жизни

    Голубые андигены обитают в верхних ярусах леса, спускаясь на землю лишь для поиска пищи. Живут по отдельности, в парах или маленькими семейными группами до 6 особей[7]. Питаются преимущественно ягодами и плодами.

    Примечания

    1. Бёме Р. Л., Флинт В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Птицы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский / Под общ. ред. акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., «РУССО», 1994. — 845 с. — 2030 экз.ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
    2. Andigena hypoglauca (англ.). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
    3. Таксономия и распространение (неопр.). Toucans (Ramphastidae). IBC.Lynxeds.com. Проверено 31-01-2011 lang = en. Архивировано 12 июля 2012 года.
    4. Lantermann, S. 162
    5. Short et al., S. 358
    6. Hilty, Steven L. and William L. Brown (1986) A guide to the birds of Colombia: 328. Princeton University Press.
    7. Short et al., S. 359
    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Авторы и редакторы Википедии

    Голубая андигена: Brief Summary ( Russo )

    fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию

    Голубая андигена (лат. Andigena hypoglauca) — вид дятлообразных птиц из семейства тукановых (Ramphastidae), обитающий во влажных горных лесах на западе Южной Америки, на высоте 2400—3350 метров над уровнем моря. Их ареал протянулся вдоль андского хребта, в пределах от юго-западной части Колумбии, через центральные районы Эквадора и вплоть до юго-восточного Перу (Куско). Населяют преимущественно восточные склоны Анд. Популяции западных склонов обитают в Колумбии (Кальдас) и на юго-западе Эквадора.

    licença
    cc-by-sa-3.0
    direitos autorais
    Авторы и редакторы Википедии