Spinacopia illex Kornicker 1995

Spinacopia illex

ETYMOLOGY.—From the Latin illex (contrary to law).

HOLOTYPE.—Ovigerous female on slide and in alcohol in the collection of the Museum of Victoria.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Slope 22, 37°0.60′S, 150°20.70′E, New South Wales, off Eden, depth 363 m.

PARATYPES.—None.

DISTRIBUTION.—Slope 22, 363 m.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE (Figures 40, 41).—In lateral view carapace oval except for concavities anterior and dorsal to caudal process, and with posterodorsal bulge (Figure 40a). Anterior margin evenly rounded, with minute indentation dorsal to midheight visible when valve viewed from inside, but no indentation in valve edge (Figure 40b). Caudal process oriented posteroventrally, with broad flat or slightly rounded tip (Figure 40a,c). Surface without gel-like coating.

Ornamentation: Surface with abundant distinct, small, fairly deep, round fossae, no riblets (representative fossae shown in Figure 40a). Valve appearing smooth but with abundant minute spines visible along edges and along boundaries of indistinct reticulations (spines visible at high magnification (×15 ocular, ×20 objective)) (Figure 40b). A row of short and long bristles on inner side of anterior (Figure 40b) and ventral margins (long bristles longest along anteroventral margin; most long bristles stouter in proximal or ); very few short and long bristles (some with stout triangular basal part) on outer surface of valve.

Infold: Anteroventral infold with small bristle near inner margin (Figure 40b). Infold of caudal process with row of 8 spinous bristles on ridge anterior to pocket and several small bristles near inner margin of infold (Figure 40c).

Central Adductor Muscle Attachments (Figure 40d): Comprising 15 ovoid attachments.

Carapace Size (mm): Holotype, length including caudal process 1.02, height 0.85 (height 83% of length).

First Antenna (Figure 40e,f): 1st joint bare. 2nd joint with no spines on ventral margin, short spines on dorsal margin, and bare dorsal bristle. 3rd and 4th joints fused; 3rd joint with 2 long bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal, both with small indistinct spines); 4th joint with dorsal spines and 2 long bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal). Long 5th joint with few dorsal spines and long ventral bristle with small proximal filament, 2 minute filaments or spines at midlength, and 1 terminal spine. 6th joint fused to 5th, with small medial bristle. 7th joint: a-bristle (with few spines) less than half length of bristle of 5th joint; b-bristle about or longer than a-bristle, bare or with minute spine at midlength; c-bristle reaching slightly past tip of bristle of 5th joint, with small proximal filament, 1 or 2 minute filaments or spines at midlength, 1 minute subterminal filament or spine, and terminal spine. 8th joint: d- and e-bristles longer than b-bristle, bare with blunt tips; f-bristle shorter than c-bristle, with minute subterminal filament or spine and terminal spine; g-bristle about same length as bristle of 5th joint, with 2 minute marginal filaments or spines (1 near midlength, 1 subterminal) and 1 terminal spine.

Second Antenna: Protopodite bare (Figure 40g). Endopodite 2-jointed (Figure 40g): 1st joint with 2 slender bare proximal bristles; 2nd joint small with fairly long spinous terminal bristle. Exopodite: joint 1 with small recurved tubular medial bristle; bristles of joints 2 and 3 with few stout proximal ventral spines, a few proximal dorsal hairs, and distal natatory hairs; bristles of joints 4–8 of right limb with natatory hairs, no spines; bristles of joints 4–8 of left limb with ventral spines in addition to natatory hairs; 9th joint with 3 bristles (ventral long with natatory hairs, 2 dorsal short (medial about length of lateral) with slender spines); joints 2–7 with row of minute spines along distal edges.

Mandible (Figure 41a): Coxale endite bifurcate dentate, with stout spines near base. Ventral margin of coxale with long spines (distal spines longer). Basale: dorsal margin with 1 small unringed spine-like bristle near midlength and 2 subterminal (shorter indistinct, longer ringed spinous); medial surface with 5 ringed bristles (distal very long) near ventral margin; lateral surface with 2 small ringed bristles near ventral margin, and 1 small process (?exopodite) on distal edge near dorsal margin (not shown). 1st endopodial joint: dorsal margin with several slender terminal spines; ventral margin with 2 slender spines just proximal to stout terminal claw; dorsal margin of terminal claw with minute proximal spines; medial surface with row of slender spines on distal edge near dorsal margin, 1 fairly stout spine medial to base of stout terminal claw, and 8–10 slender spines at distal ventral corner. 2nd endopodial joint: dorsal margin with 2 fairly long unringed spine-like subterminal bristles; ventral margin with stout terminal claw. 3rd endopodial joint with long terminal claw, 2 short unringed ventral bristles, and 1 minute subterminal unringed spine-like dorsal bristle.

Maxilla (Figure 41b): Coxale with short dorsal bristle. Endites I and III each with 6 bristles; endite II with 4 bristles. Basale with short bristle near exopodite. Exopodite small with 2 subequal bristles (longest with indistinct short spines). Endopodite similar to that of S. crux.

Fifth Limb (Figure 41c): Single endite with 1 long spinous bristle. Exopodite: 1st joint with 3 spinous bristles. 2nd joint and inner lobe of 3rd joints fused, with total of 9 spinous bristles; outer lobe of 3rd joint with 1 spinous bristle. Fused 4th and 5th joints with total of 3 spinous bristles.

Sixth Limb (Figure 41d): Endite I with 3 short spinous bristles; endite II with 2 spinous bristles. End joint with 13 slender bristles with short spines (spines not shown) followed by 2 broad plumose posterior bristles; long hairs near posterior edge of limb.

Seventh Limb: Proximal group with 2 bristles (1 on segment 7, other on segment 9 or 10 counting from segment proximal to terminus), 1 on each side, each with 3 or 4 bells; terminal group with 6 bristles, 3 on each side, each with 2–4 bells. Terminus with opposing combs, each with about 8 elongate teeth (middle tooth sclerotized, others indistinct, weakly developed); area between opposing combs mound-like (Figure 41e).

Furca (Figure 40h): Each lamella with 6 claws; claw 1 nonarticulated; claw 3 about length of claw 4; teeth on claws not shown but similar to those of S. crux.

Bellonci Organ (Figure 41f): Elongate with 2 or 3 indistinct sutures near midlength and rounded tip.

Eyes: Lateral eye small, distinct, with 4 amber-colored ommatidia (Figure 41f). Medial eye slightly larger than lateral eye, bare with brown pigment (Figure 41f).

Upper Lip (Figure 41g): Single hirsute lobe; some anteroventral hairs slightly stouter than others, spine-like.

Genitalia (Figure 40h): Sclerotized ring on each side of body anterior to furca.

Anterior of Body (Figure 41f,g): Triangular process on each side of body just lateral to insertion of mandible.

Posterior of Body: Evenly rounded, bare.

Y-Sclerite (Figure 41h): With short ventral and very long dorsal branches.

Number of Eggs: Holotype with 3 eggs in marsupium; length of 1 egg 0.25 mm.

COMPARISONS.—The shape of the carapace of S. illex resembles that of S. crux in having a broadly rounded posteroventral caudal process. The appendages of S. illex differ from those of S. crux as follows: 1st antenna without ventral spines on 2nd and 4th joints; 2nd antenna without medial spines on protopodite and 1st endopodial joint; mandible without 3 stout ventral spines on 1st endopodial joint and without medial spines on 2nd endopodial joint; and 7th joint with mound-like process between combs of 7th limb and with more teeth in combs. The caudal process of S. sandix differs from that of S. illex in being oriented posteriorly, and in S. sandix the ventral margin of the 1st endopodial joint of the mandible has stout spines. The valves of S. sandix also differ in having ribs. Spinacopia syrinx differs from S. illex in having long ventral spines on the 2nd joint of the 1st antenna, medial spines on the protopodite of the 2nd antenna, and in lacking lateral eyes. The carapace of S. trox is much larger than that of S. illex (length of female S. trox 1.51 mm, length of female S. illex 1.02 mm), and the 1st antenna has long ventral spines on the 2nd joint. The shape of the carapace of S. illex differs considerably from the much larger S. rex. The round fossae on the surface of the carapace of S. illex are much more distinct than on others species of Spinacopia in the collection, but it is possible that this could be the result of better preservation.

Cymbicopia Kornicker, 1975

Cymbicopia Kornicker, 1975:608; 1986:40 [emended].

TYPE SPECIES.—Sarsiella hanseni Brady, 1898.

COMPOSITION.—This genus includes two species from New Zealand, C. hanseni (Brady, 1898:438) and C. brevicosta Kornicker, 1975:633, and two new species from the vicinity of Australia.

DISTRIBUTION.—New Zealand at a depth of 15 m and less, and off Australia at a depth of 363–400 m.

REMARKS CONCERNING BRISTLE OF 6TH JOINT OF 1ST ANTENNA.—Members of the Sarsiellidae generally have a small medial bristle on the 6th joint of the 1st antenna. The bristle is lacking on known species of Cymbicopia: C. hanseni (Kornicker, 1975:615, 618), C. brevicosta (Kornicker, 1975:637, 639), and C. cervix and C. climax, both new species herein. It is also lacking on two species of Neomuelleriella (Kornicker, 1986:40), N. zealandica (Poulsen, 1965:60), and N. hispida (Kornicer, 1975:625, 627), but is present on N. nex and N. klomax, both new species, herein. It is also lacking in two new species of Alphasarsiella, new genus, herein. The bristle is lacking on both males and females of species where both sexes are known.