Cymbicopia cervix Kornicker 1995

“Cymbicopia cervix, new species

Figures 42, 43

ETYMOLOGY.—From the Latin cervix (neck).

HOLOTYPE.—Ovigerous female with body separated from carapace in alcohol in the collection of the Museum of Victoria.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Slope 22, 37°0.60'S, 150°20.70'E, New South Wales, off Eden, depth 363 m.

PARATYPES.—Slope 22: 1 undissected adult female (carapace disorted) in alcohol. Slope 40: USNM 193991, adult female on slide and in alcohol; 2 ovigerous females in alcohol.

DISTRIBUTION.—Slope 22, 363 m. Slope 40,400 m.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE.— Carapace elongate in lateral view with prominent rostrum, shallow incisur, and short posterodorsal caudal process. Lateral overhang of valve edge at rostrum and ventral margin. Edge of valve at dorsal end of rostrum forming sharp angle. Surface of carapace with gel-like coating as thick as lengths of long bulbous bristles.

Ornamentation: Surface with abundant short bristles with bulbous tips; and longer bristles with bulbous tips along valve margins (except in vicinity of incisur), and forming 3 rows: 1 short horizontal row posterior to rostrum, 1 long row angling from anteroventral margin to posterodorsal margin, and 1 short row ventral to central adductor muscle attachments. Outer surface of valves with few long and short bristles tapering to point (some long bristles with proximal enlargement); long slender bristles tapering to point present on inner side of lateral overlap of rostrum and ventral margin. Surface with indistinct round fossae without spines.

Infold: Anterior infold with small bristle near inner margin ventral to rostrum. Infold of caudal process with row of 13 broad translucent spinous bristles tapering to needle-like tip (spines of bristles indistinct and were barely resolved on a few bristles). Inner edge of infold in vicinity of caudal process with 6 small bristles in 3 groups, each with 1-3 bristles.

Selvage: Inner part of selvage broad in vicinity of rostrum; broad transparent lamellar prolongation with smooth outer edge present along free margin of each valve and undivided in vicinity of rostrum.

Central Adductor Muscle Attachments: Comprising about 14 ovoid attachments.

Carapace Size (mm): Slope 22: holotype, length with caudal process 1.32, length without caudal process 1.20, height 1.07. Slope 40: USNM 193991, length with caudal process 1.48, length without caudal process 1.38, height 1.05; 2 paratypes: length with caudal process 1.32, height 0.97; length with caudal process 1.30, height 0.99.

First Antenna: 1st joint bare. 2nd joint with dorsal bristle with indistinct short distal spines. 3rd joint fused to 4th, with 2 bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal) with indistinct short spines. 4th joint with few ventral spines and 2 or 3 bristles (1 or 2 ventral (1 very long), 1 dorsal) with indistinct short spines. Sensory bristle of 5th joint with few indistinct distal spines and terminal papilla. 6th joint fused to 5th, without medial bristle. 7th joint: a-bristle with short marginal spines; b-bristle same length as a-bristle, bare except for terminal papilla; c-bristle about same length as sensory bristle of 5th joint, with indistinct small distal spines and terminal papilla. 8th joint: d- and e-bristles about same length as c-bristle, bare with blunt tips; f-bristle slightly shorter than c-bristle, bare except for terminal papilla; g-bristle same length as c-bristle, with 1 or 2 small proximal filaments and terminal papilla.

Second Antenna: Protopodite bare. Endopodite 2-jointed: 1st joint with 2 small proximal bristles; 2nd joint small with long terminal bristle with short spines. Exopodite: 1st joint with small terminal tubular medial bristle; bristle of 2nd joint with 14-16 stout ventral spines followed by natatory hairs; bristles of joints 3-8 with 9-14 ventral spines followed by natatory hairs; 9th joint with 2 bristles (ventral with 7-12 slender ventral spines followed by natatory hairs; dorsal short with small hair-like spines); joints 3-7 with indistinct minute lateral row of spines along distal edges.

Mandible: Coxale endite represented by stout spine with minute marginal spine at midlength; coxale with long ventral hairs. Basale: dorsal margin with or without indistinct minute spine at distal 2/3 (not present on left limb of USNM 193991), and 1 or 2 indistinct minute subterminal spines; ventral margin with 2 small lateral bristles and 5 medial bristles (3 short unringed, 1 longer ringed, 1 longest unringed knife-like with few spines). Exopodite represented by minute digitate process. Endopodite: 1st joint with rows of medial spines near distal edge, 1 small medial spine-like dorsal bristle at base of stout ventral claw; 2nd joint with small spine-like subterminal dorsal bristle and stout ventral claw; 3rd joint with stout terminal claw and 2 small ventral spine-like bristles; tips of claws of joints 1-3 narrowly rounded.

Maxilla: Coxale with short dorsal bristle. Endites I, II, and III with 6, 5, and 6 bristles, respectively. Basale with short ventral bristle distal to exopodite. Exopodite small with 3 long bare bristles. 1st endopodial joint with few anterior spines and spinous alpha- and beta-bristles. 2nd endopodial joint with 2 spinous a-bristies, 1 bare c-bristle, and 5 pectinate end bristles (middle bristle shorter than others).

Fifth Limb: Single endite with small bare bristle. Exopodite: 1st joint with 3 spinous bristles; 2nd joint with 3 long spinous terminal bristles and 1 short bare bristle near inner lobe of 3rd joint; 3rd joint with 3 bristles (2 long spinous, 1 short bare) on inner lobe and 1 bare bristle on outer lobe; fused 4th and 5th joints with total of 3 spinous bristles. Joints 1 and 2 hirsute.

Sixth Limb: Endite I with 3 short bristles with few short spines; endite II with 1 long bristle with short spines; endite III with 4 long bristles with short spines; endite IV with lateral hairs and 3 long bristles with short spines. End joint with 7 or 8 bristles (3 or 4 anterior and 2 at midwidth with short spines, 2 posterior plumose); posterior half of joint with lateral and medial hairs. (On USNM 193991 endite II of the right limb is more clearly separated from endite III than on the illustrated left limb.)

Seventh Limb: Proximal group with 4 bristles, 2 on each side, each with 4 bells; terminal group with 6 bristles, 3 on each side, each with 3-7 bells (a short terminal bristle missing on illustrated limb but empty socket visible). Terminus with opposing combs, each with sclerotized tooth at midwidth and a translucent tooth (with proximal teeth and broadly rounded tip) on each side.

Furca: Each lamella with 5 or 6 claws decreasing in length along lamella (holotype and USNM 193991 with 6 claws on left lamella and 5 on right); claws 1 and 2 nonarticulated; claw 1 with small and large teeth (4 or 5 distal stouter than others) along posterior edge and row of long medial hairs at base; claw 2 with small teeth along posterior edge, a few slightly stouter than others, and few indistinct distal short hairs along anterior edge; claws 3-6 with minute teeth along posterior edge and few indistinct short hairs along anterior edge; claw 1 with narrowly rounded tip (worn?); claws 3-6 with pointed tips; left lamella with few long hairs following posterior claw; right lamella with few short hairs along anterior edge proximal to claw 1; right lamella anterior to left by width of base of claw 1.

Bellonci Organ: Elongate with rounded tip.

Eyes: Lateral eye unpigmented, with 2 well-developed ommatidia. Medial eye about twice size of lateral eye, with brown pigment.

Upper Lip: Evenly rounded.

Genitalia: Oval with attached spermatophore on each side of body anterior to furca.

Anterior of Body: With triangular process dorsal to upper lip.

Posterior of Body: Evenly rounded bare.

Y-Sclerite: With ventral branch.

Number of Eggs: Holotype with 2 eggs in marsupium and also 2 unextruded egg; lengths of 2 extruded eggs, 0.30, 0.33; length of 1 unextruded egg 0.23; 1 unnumbered paratype with 2 eggs in marsupium (length of 1 egg 0.35 mm); 1 unnumbered paratype with 3 eggs in marsupium (length of 1 egg 0.31 mm).

COMPARISONS.—The carapace of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni and C. brevicosta in being larger (length of cervix 1.32-1.48 mm; length of hanseni 0.98-1.06 mm; length of brevicosta 1.02-1.10 mm), and in having more bristles on the ridge inside the caudal process (cervix 13; hanseni 7 or 8; brevicosta 8). The mandibular basale of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni in the longest bristle on the ventral margin being shorter. The 7th limb of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni and C. brevicosta in having 4 bristles rather than 2 in the proximal group and fewer teeth in terminal combs. The furca of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni in having more furcal claws on each lamella (cervix 5 or 6; hanseni 4 (rarely 5).”

(Kornicker, 1995, pp.69-73)

Cymbicopia cervix

ETYMOLOGY.—From the Latin cervix (neck).

HOLOTYPE.—Ovigerous female with body separated from carapace in alcohol in the collection of the Museum of Victoria.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Slope 22, 37°0.60′S, 150°20.70′E, New South Wales, off Eden, depth 363 m.

PARATYPES.—Slope 22: 1 undissected adult female (carapace disorted) in alcohol. Slope 40: USNM 193991, adult female on slide and in alcohol; 2 ovigerous females in alcohol.

DISTRIBUTION.—Slope 22, 363 m. Slope 40, 400 m.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE (Figures 42, 43).—Carapace elongate in lateral view with prominent rostrum, shallow incisur, and short posterodorsal caudal process (Figure 42a). Lateral overhang of valve edge at rostrum (Figure 42c) and ventral margin. Edge of valve at dorsal end of rostrum forming sharp angle (Figure 42c). Surface of carapace with gel-like coating as thick as lengths of long bulbous bristles (not shown).

Ornamentation: Surface with abundant short bristles with bulbous tips (Figure 42b; not shown in Figure 42a); and longer bristles with bulbous tips along valve margins (except in vicinity of incisur) (Figure 42c,e), and forming 3 rows (Figure 42a (bulbous tips of long bristles not shown)): 1 short horizontal row posterior to rostrum, 1 long row angling from anteroventral margin to posterodorsal margin, and 1 short row ventral to central adductor muscle attachments. Outer surface of valves with few long and short bristles tapering to point (some long bristles with proximal enlargement); long slender bristles tapering to point present on inner side of lateral overlap of rostrum (Figure 42c) and ventral margin. Surface with indistinct round fossae without spines.

Infold: Anterior infold with small bristle near inner margin ventral to rostrum (Figure 42c). Infold of caudal process with row of 13 broad translucent spinous bristles tapering to needle-like tip (Figure 42d,e) (spines of bristles indistinct and were barely resolved on a few bristles). Inner edge of infold in vicinity of caudal process with 6 small bristles in 3 groups, each with 1–3 bristles (Figure 42d).

Selvage: Inner part of selvage broad in vicinity of rostrum (striated in Figure 42c); broad transparent lamellar prolongation with smooth outer edge present along free margin of each valve and undivided in vicinity of rostrum (prolongation not shown).

Central Adductor Muscle Attachments (Figure 42f): Comprising about 14 ovoid attachments.

Carapace Size (mm): Slope 22: holotype, length with caudal process 1.32, length without caudal process 1.20, height 1.07. Slope 40: USNM 193991, length with caudal process 1.48, length without caudal process 1.38, height 1.05; 2 paratypes: length with caudal process 1.32, height 0.97; length with caudal process 1.30, height 0.99.

First Antenna (Figure 42g): 1st joint bare. 2nd joint with dorsal bristle with indistinct short distal spines. 3rd joint fused to 4th, with 2 bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal) with indistinct short spines. 4th joint with few ventral spines and 2 or 3 bristles (1 or 2 ventral (1 very long), 1 dorsal) with indistinct short spines. Sensory bristle of 5th joint with few indistinct distal spines and terminal papilla. 6th joint fused to 5th, without medial bristle. 7th joint: a-bristle with short marginal spines; b-bristle same length as a-bristle, bare except for terminal papilla; c-bristle about same length as sensory bristle of 5th joint, with indistinct small distal spines and terminal papilla. 8th joint: d- and e-bristles about same length as c-bristle, bare with blunt tips; f-bristle slightly shorter than c-bristle, bare except for terminal papilla; g-bristle same length as c-bristle, with 1 or 2 small proximal filaments and terminal papilla.

Second Antenna: Protopodite bare. Endopodite 2-jointed (Figure 42h): 1st joint with 2 small proximal bristles; 2nd joint small with long terminal bristle with short spines. Exopodite: 1st joint with small terminal tubular medial bristle; bristle of 2nd joint with 14–16 stout ventral spines followed by natatory hairs; bristles of joints 3–8 with 9–14 ventral spines followed by natatory hairs; 9th joint with 2 bristles (ventral with 7–12 slender ventral spines followed by natatory hairs; dorsal short with small hair-like spines); joints 3–7 with indistinct minute lateral row of spines along distal edges.

Mandible (Figure 43a): Coxale endite represented by stout spine with minute marginal spine at midlength; coxale with long ventral hairs. Basale: dorsal margin with or without indistinct minute spine at distal (not present on left limb of USNM 193991), and 1 or 2 indistinct minute subterminal spines; ventral margin with 2 small lateral bristles and 5 medial bristles (3 short unringed, 1 longer ringed, 1 longest unringed knife-like with few spines (see detail in Figure 43a)). Exopodite represented by minute digitate process (dotted outline in Figure 43a). Endopodite: 1st joint with rows of medial spines near distal edge, 1 small medial spine-like dorsal bristle at base of stout ventral claw; 2nd joint with small spine-like subterminal dorsal bristle and stout ventral claw; 3rd joint with stout terminal claw and 2 small ventral spine-like bristles; tips of claws of joints 1–3 narrowly rounded.

Maxilla: Coxale with short dorsal bristle. Endites I, II, and III with 6, 5, and 6 bristles, respectively (Figure 43b). Basale with short ventral bristle distal to exopodite (Figure 43c). Exopodite small with 3 long bare bristles. 1st endopodial joint with few anterior spines and spinous alpha- and beta-bristles. 2nd endopodial joint with 2 spinous a-bristles, 1 bare c-bristle, and 5 pectinate end bristles (middle bristle shorter than others).

Fifth Limb (Figure 43d): Single endite with small bare bristle. Exopodite: 1st joint with 3 spinous bristles; 2nd joint with 3 long spinous terminal bristles and 1 short bare bristle near inner lobe of 3rd joint; 3rd joint with 3 bristles (2 long spinous, 1 short bare) on inner lobe and 1 bare bristle on outer lobe; fused 4th and 5th joints with total of 3 spinous bristles. Joints 1 and 2 hirsute.

Sixth Limb (Figure 43e): Endite 1 with 3 short bristles with few short spines; endite II with 1 long bristle with short spines; endite III with 4 long bristles with short spines; endite IV with lateral hairs and 3 long bristles with short spines. End joint with 7 or 8 bristles (3 or 4 anterior and 2 at midwidth with short spines, 2 posterior plumose); posterior half of joint with lateral and medial hairs. (On USNM 193991 endite II of the right limb is more clearly separated from endite III than on the illustrated left limb.)

Seventh Limb (Figure 43f,g): Proximal group with 4 bristles, 2 on each side, each with 4 bells; terminal group with 6 bristles, 3 on each side, each with 3–7 bells (a short terminal bristle missing on illustrated limb but empty socket visible). Terminus with opposing combs, each with sclerotized tooth at midwidth and a translucent tooth (with proximal teeth and broadly rounded tip) on each side (Figure 43g).

Furca (Figure 43k): Each lamella with 5 or 6 claws decreasing in length along lamella (holotype and USNM 193991 with 6 claws on left lamella and 5 on right); claws 1 and 2 nonarticulated; claw 1 with small and large teeth (4 or 5 distal stouter than others) along posterior edge and row of long medial hairs at base; claw 2 with small teeth along posterior edge, a few slightly stouter than others, and few indistinct distal short hairs along anterior edge; claws 3–6 with minute teeth along posterior edge and few indistinct short hairs along anterior edge; claw 1 with narrowly rounded tip (worn?); claws 3–6 with pointed tips; left lamella with few long hairs following posterior claw; right lamella with few short hairs along anterior edge proximal to claw 1; right lamella anterior to left by width of base of claw 1.

Bellonci Organ (Figure 43h): Elongate with rounded tip.

Eyes: Lateral eye unpigmented, with 2 well-developed ommatidia (Figure 43j). Medial eye about twice size of lateral eye, with brown pigment (Figure 43h,i).

Upper Lip (Figure 43i): Evenly rounded.

Genitalia (Figure 43k): Oval with attached spermatophore on each side of body anterior to furca.

Anterior of Body (Figure 43i): With triangular process dorsal to upper lip.

Posterior of Body: Evenly rounded bare.

Y-Sclerite (Figure 43k): With ventral branch.

Number of Eggs: Holotype with 2 eggs in marsupium and also 2 unextruded egg; lengths of 2 extruded eggs, 0.30, 0.33; length of 1 unextruded egg 0.23; 1 unnumbered paratype with 2 eggs in marsupium (length of 1 egg 0.35 mm); 1 unnumbered paratype with 3 eggs in marsupium (length of 1 egg 0.31 mm).

COMPARISONS.—The carapace of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni and C. brevicosta in being larger (length of cervix 1.32–1.48 mm; length of hanseni 0.98–1.06 mm; length of brevicosta 1.02–1.10 mm), and in having more bristles on the ridge inside the caudal process (cervix 13; hanseni 7 or 8; brevicosta 8). The mandibular basale of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni in the longest bristle on the ventral margin being shorter. The 7th limb of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni and C. brevicosta in having 4 bristles rather than 2 in the proximal group and fewer teeth in terminal combs. The furca of C. cervix differs from that of C. hanseni in having more furcal claws on each lamella (cervix 5 or 6; hanseni 4 (rarely 5).