Trichilia martiana C. DC.

Distribucion en Costa Rica: Ampliamente distribuido en ambas vertientes. Elevación entre 0-1200 m.
Distribucion General: Desde México hasta Panamá, norte de Sur América e Isla San Vicente en Las Antillas.

Árbol.

La pubescencia de los folíolos varía notablemente según la región donde crece. En sitios de climas más secos o calientes éstos son pubescentes o muy pubescentes y en sitios muy húmedos son glabros. Este árbol se puede confundir un poco con T. hirta pero el número, tamaño y pubescencia de las hojuelas de T. martiana difieren notablemente, así como su corteza. Se encuentra en vegetación caducifolia y subcaducifolia, en sitios húmedos y muy húmedos. Algunas veces se le observa en suelos temporal o permanentemente innundados, cercano a cursos de agua. La mayoría de las especies de Trichilia tienen semillas con arilos muy vistosos que son muy apetecidos por las aves.

Árbol pequeño o hasta de 15 m de altura. Hojas imparipinnadas, alternas, de 13 a 25 cm de largo. Folíolos opuestos o subopuestos, de 3 a 4 pares de 7.8 a 17 cm de largo por 3.5 a 7.1 cm de ancho, oblanceolados o cuneiformes. Hojas de glabras a pubescentes en la haz, escaso o densamente pubescentes o glabras en el envés. Las hojas con los folíolos muy anchos en el centro. Inflorescencias en panículas axilares, de 7 a 20 cm. Flores de 0.3 a 0.4 cm, fragantes y amarillo-verdosas. Frutos cápsulas, de 0.9 a 1.3 cm, ovoides o globosas, dehiscentes por 3 valvas al madurar; con una pubescencia corta pardo clara u obscura, color naranja o amarillenta al madurar, semillas con arilos rojos.

Localidad del tipo: Brazil.
Depositario del tipo: G
Recolector del tipo: Riedel (s.n)

Trichilia oaxacana Blake, Contr. Gray Herb. 53: 58. 1918
A tree or shrub; leaves equally pinnate, about 3.S dm. long, the petioles and rachis puberulent; leaflets 8, the lateral subopposite, the terminal pair opposite, oval or somewhat obovateoval, 14 cm. long, 6 cm. broad, the lower ones somewhat smaller, all acuminate at the apex, inequilateral and rounded or aeutish at the base, dark-green and glabrous above, the midrib impressed, paler beneath and glabrous at maturity, the midrib and lateral veins prominent; inflorescence about 2.S dm. long, the branches puberulent; calyx 5-toothed, 2.5 mm. in diameter, strigillose, the lobes triangular, ciliate; petals oblong-elliptic or elliptic-obovate, ciliate; staminal tube lobed to the middle or below, the lobes pilose; anthers ovoid, 0.6 mm. long, pilose; ovary subglobose, densely hirsute; style short, nearly glabrous; stigma capitate.
Type locality: Oaxaca.
Distribution: Mexico.

Trichilia cuneata Radik. Sitz.-ber. Akad Munch. 9: 642. 1879.
Trichilia Heydeana C. DC. Bot. Gaz. 19: 3. 1894. (Trichilia Biolleyi C. DC. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 423. 1905. ^Trichilia Biolleyi nicoyensis C. DC. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 424. 1905. Trichilia chiriquina C. DC. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 68 6 : 6. 1917.
A tree about 10-12 m. in height, the young growth, twigs, petioles, rachis, and branches of the inflorescence hispidulous; leaves odd-pinnate, 15-30 cm. long; leaflets 5-9, obovate to somewhat lanceolate or elliptic, 6-14 cm. long, 3-6 cm. broad, opposite, subopposite, or alternate, more or less inequilateral and acute or somewhat rounded at the base, short-acuminate at the apex, with the tip obtuse or aeutish, hispidulous especially on the midrib and lateral veins beneath, more or less hispidulous above on the impressed midrib, the lower leaflets smaller and occasionally broadly elliptic or oval; panicles subterminal, 8-19 cm. long; flowers shortpedicelled, the pedicels 1-2 mm. long, hispidulous; calyx 5-parted, the lobes lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 1.5-2 mm. long, about 1 mm. broad, acute, hispidulous on the back; petals 5, oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, 3-3.5 mm. long, 1.5-1.8 mm. broad, imbricate in bud, hispidulous on the back; stamens 10, the filaments united at the base, hispidulous; anthers ovoid, acute, loosely hispidulous; ovary 3-celled, densely hispidulous; style short; stigma capitate.
Type locality: Guatemala.
Distribution: Guatemala, Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama.

Trichilia acutanthera C. DC. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 5: 422. 1905. ITrichilia izabalana Blake, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 24: 10. 1922.
A tree; twigs puberulent, glabrous in age; leaves odd-pinnate, 2.5-3 dm. long; petioles 4—7.5 cm. long, terete, puberulent; leaflets 7-9, alternate or subopposite, oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 12-15 cm. long, 4-5.5 cm. broad, acute and equilateral or nearly so at the base, shortly obtuse-acuminate at the apex, glabrous above, the midvein and lateral veins impressed, puberulent beneath, petioluled, obscurely pellucid-dotted; panicle axillary, 5-12 cm. long, the branches strigillose; flowers pedicelled; calyx deeply 5-cleft, the lobes triangular-ovate, strigillose; petals 5, oblong-elliptic, acute or aeutish at the apex, strigillose on the outside, 3-3.5 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. broad; stamens S or 10, the lobes truncate at the apex, hirsute; anthers short-ovoid, apiculate, cordate at the base, hirsute; ovary globose-ovoid, hirsute; style short, glabrous; stigma subglobose.
Type locality: Diquis, Costa Rica. Distribution: Costa Rica; ?Guatemala.

Trichilia obtusanthera C. DC. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II
5: 423. 1905. ITrichilia Tondusii C. DC. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 423. 1905.
A tree, with glabrous branches; leaves odd-pinnate, 3-3.6 dm. long; petioles and rachis terete or nearly so, puberulent; leaflets 7, opposite, oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, 14-16 cm. long, 4—5.5 cm. broad, the lower leaflets smaller, acuminate at the apex, acute and equilateral at the base, puberulent on the midvein above and below, short-petioluled, minutely pelluciddotted; panicles axillary, about equaling the petioles, the branches puberulent; flowers shortpedicelled; calyx 5-lobed, the lobes acute; petals oblong-elliptic, 3 mm. long, acuminate at the apex, appressed-puberulent on the outside; staminal tube deeply lobed, the lobes obtuse at the apex, hirsute; anthers ovate, hirsute; ovary sessile, hirsute; style short; stigma capitate.
Type locality: Forests of Rio Naranjo, Costa Rica. Distribution: Costa Rica.

Trichilia martiana là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Meliaceae. Loài này được C.DC. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1878.