nomes no trilho de navegação
Микротис (лат. Microtis) – Орхидея котырись (Orchidaceae) быдмас увтыр. Микротис увтырӧ пырӧны 49 вид. Микротис пантасьӧ Азияын да Океанияын.
Микротис (латин Microtis) – Орхидея котырса быдмӧг увтыр. Сійӧ быдмӧ Азияын да Океанияын.
Микротис Викискладын? Микротис (лат. Microtis) – Орхидной будосъёс (Orchidaceae) семьяысь Азилэн но Океанилэн сяськаё будос. Дуннеын тодмо ог 49 пӧртэм.
Микротис (лат. Microtis) – Орхидной будосъёс (Orchidaceae) семьяысь Азилэн но Океанилэн сяськаё будос. Дуннеын тодмо ог 49 пӧртэм.
Микротис (латин Microtis) – Орхидея котырса быдмӧг увтыр. Сійӧ быдмӧ Азияын да Океанияын.
Микротис (лат. Microtis) – Орхидея котырись (Orchidaceae) быдмас увтыр. Микротис увтырӧ пырӧны 49 вид. Микротис пантасьӧ Азияын да Океанияын.
Microtis, commonly known as onion orchids or mignonette orchids is a genus of about 20 species of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Onion orchids are terrestrial herbs with a single leaf at the base of the plant. They are similar to orchids in the genus Prasophyllum in that they have an onion-like leaf. The flowers are small but often scented and attractive to their insect pollinators. They are widespread in Asia, Australia and some Pacific islands.
Orchids in the genus Microtis are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with a few inconspicuous, fine roots and an egg-shaped to almost spherical tuber. The tuber often produces two tubers on the end of long, root-like stolons. There is a single, linear, cylindrical, onion-like leaf at the base of the plant. The leaf resembles that of the closely related genus Prasophyllum except that is entirely green (usually red at the base in Prasophyllum) and exudes clear mucilage when damaged.[2][3][4][5][6][7]
The inflorescence is a raceme with a few to many resupinate green flowers spirally arranged on a flowering stem. Each flower has a short stalk with a small bract near its base. The broad dorsal sepal is sharp-pointed, dished on the lower side and forms a horizontal hood over the column. The lateral sepals are similar to, but much narrower than the dorsal sepal. The petals are smaller than the sepals, thin and are spread below or under the dorsal sepal. As is usual in orchids, one petal is highly modified as the central labellum. The labellum is egg-shaped to oblong and hangs or is curved against the ovary. The sexual parts of the flower are fused to the column, which is shaped like half a cylinder. Flowering time depends on the climatic region where the species is found and the fruit that follows flowering is a non-fleshy, dehiscent capsule containing up to 500 seeds.[2][3][5][6][8]
The genus Microtis was first formally described by Robert Brown in 1810 and the description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae.[9] Brown described five species at the time (M. parviflora, M. rara, M. media, M. alba and M. pulchella) but did not nominate a type species.[10] The name Microtis is derived from the ancient Greek words mikros (μικρός) meaning "small" and ous, genitive ōtos (οὖς, genitive ὠτός) meaning "ear",[11] referring to the small, ear-like appendages on the column.[3]
Onion orchids are widespread in temperate areas of Australia and in sub-tropical Queensland, occurring in all states but not the Northern Territory. Microtis parviflora and M. unifolia are the most widely distributed species and also occur on both main islands of New Zealand and as far south as Stewart and possibly Auckland Islands as well as New Caledonia, and Norfolk, Lord Howe and the Kermadec Islands in the western Pacific. These two species are also found in Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan, southern Japan, the Ryukyu Islands and possibly on the Chinese mainland. They usually grow in areas that are wet in winter or in areas of high rainfall.[3]
The leaves of onion orchids are susceptible to fungal disease and most leaves appear to have some damage. The rust Uromyces microtidis has been identified as a pathogen.[3]
Microtis flowers are insect pollinated. For some species, the insect is a small wasp from a species of Ichneumonidae or Braconidae. Pollination of orchids by ants is rare because the mouthparts of ants usually have antibiotic secretions which damage pollen grains. However, several species of Microtis, including M. parviflora are pollinated by wingless worker ants from the genera Iridomyrmex (Family Dolichoderinae), Meranops (Family Myrmeciinae) and Rhytidoponera (Family Ponerinae), having been attracted by nectar secreted from the base of the labellum.[4][12]
Autogamy has been observed in several species of onion orchid. In some cases, the pollen grains fall onto the stigma and germinate but in others, including in some populations of M. parvifolia, if the flowers have not been cross-pollinated, the stigma grows upwards until it contacts the pollinia, so that seed is always produced.[4]
The taxonomy of Microtis has been confused ever since Robert Brown first described the genus. He did not include Ophrys unifolia G.Forst. (1786)[13] and Epipactis porrifolia Sw. (1800)[14] and these names were used by later authors, although now recognised as Microtis media. The small size of the flowers and their tendency to change when dried as herbarium species led to further confusion.[3]
Most Microtis are very easy to grow, and readily volunteer themselves in other pots. Onion orchids are often found in gardens around Melbourne from wind-born seed.[4]
Franz Bauer's 1835 illustration of Microtis media from Curtis's Botanical Magazine
Microtis parviflora (habit)
Microtis unifolia, Tanabe, Wakayama, Japan
M. unifolia known as Nirabaran in Japan
{{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help) Microtis, commonly known as onion orchids or mignonette orchids is a genus of about 20 species of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Onion orchids are terrestrial herbs with a single leaf at the base of the plant. They are similar to orchids in the genus Prasophyllum in that they have an onion-like leaf. The flowers are small but often scented and attractive to their insect pollinators. They are widespread in Asia, Australia and some Pacific islands.
.001.jpg)
Microtis media subsp. media labelled close up image
Microtis es un género de orquídeas de la subfamilia Orchidoideae dentro de la familia Orchidaceae. Tiene 43 especies descritas y de estas solo 19 aceptadas.[1]
Son orquídeas que se encuentran desde Ceilán a China, la mayor parte del sudeste de Asia, Isla de Java, Australia]] y algunas islas del Pacífico. Son de un tamaño pequeño a mediano, con hábitos terrestres que necesitan un clima estacional y con tubérculos subterráneos, dando lugar a un único tallo que lleva una sola hoja cilíndrica, erguida, con una inflorescencia no ramificada, con flores resupinadas de pequeño tamaño, con sépalos más pequeños que los pétalos y un labio trilobulado.[2]
El género fue descrito por Robert Brown y publicado en Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 320. 1810.[3]
Datos: Q3241818
Multimedia:
Especies: Microtis (Orchidaceae)
Microtis es un género de orquídeas de la subfamilia Orchidoideae dentro de la familia Orchidaceae. Tiene 43 especies descritas y de estas solo 19 aceptadas.
Microtis é um género botânico pertencente à família das orquídeas (Orchidaceae).[1]
Microtis là một chi thực vật có hoa trong họ Lan.[2]
Bài viết liên quan đến Phân họ Lan này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
Microtis là một chi thực vật có hoa trong họ Lan.
葱叶兰属（学名：Microtis）是兰科下的一个属，为陆生兰。该属共有约10种，主要分布于澳大利亚。[1]
这是一篇與植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 