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Adeleorina is a suborder of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa.[1]
Léger proposed this taxon in 1911. The first species identified was Dactylosoma ranarum by Lankester (1871) in a frog in Europe. It was initially called Undulina ranarum, but this was changed in 1882 to Drepanidium ranarum. This species was subsequently moved to the genus Dactylosoma.
Canine hepatozoonosis was first described in India in 1905 by James. The organism was named Leukocytozoon canis. The vector was identified in 1907 by Christopher to be the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). The genus Hepatozoon was created by Miller in 1908 for a parasite of the white rat (Rattus norvegicus) that underwent merogony in the liver and sporogony in the mite Laelap echidinus. Ledger initially placed this genus in the family Haemogregarinidae, but Wenyon subsequently removed it and placed it in the newly created taxon Hepatozoidae in 1926.
All species in this suborder use the syzygy method of gamete formation. This involves the association of often motile gamonts prior to the formation of functional gametes and fertilization.
Their life cycles tend to be complex, involving at least one (and often several) asexual cycles of merogony followed by gametogony, syngamy and sporogony. In many species of the group, the meronts and merozoites have morphologically distinct types: one type of meront produces large merozoites which initiate a further round of merogonic replication; a second produces smaller merozoites which are the progenitors of the gamonts. Microgamonts produce usually only one to four microgametes. Other characteristic features include the absence of endodyogeny and the enclosure of sporozoites in a sporocyst.
In haemogregarines with heteroxenous species, conjugation of gamonts and subsequent sporogony usually occurs within an invertebrate (definitive host), which also serves as the vector. Merogonial division usually takes place in the parenchymatous organs of the vertebrate host. This is followed by the formation of infective gametocytes in the erythrocytes. In the genus Hepatozoon, gametocytes are also formed in the leukocytes.
The haemogregarines use two modes of transmission:
Adeleorina has about 500 species, which have been organised into seven families and 19 genera. The families have been divided into two groups:
One exception to this classification is known: Klossiella (family Klossiellidae) is a monoxenous coccidium of mammals and reptiles.
The taxonomy is this group may be incorrect as the Hepatozoidae appear to be paraphyletic.[2] The genus Hemolivia appears to lie within the genus Hepatozoon.[3] The genus Hepatozoon appears to have two subgenera with one in the carnivorous mammals and the other in lower vertebrates and rodents.[4]
The families in this suborder are:
Karyolysus infects lizards (Lacerta) and possibly scincids. Haemogregarina infects turtles and leeches. Species of the genus Desseria infect fish and lack erythrocytic merogony. The genera in the subfamily Ithaniinae share a number of morphological features and infect the digestive tract of insects.
DNA studies suggest Hemolivia may lie within the Hepatozoon clade.[3] If this can be confirmed, the taxonomy of this group will need revision. A study of the 18s rRNA gene suggests that there may be some overlap between Karyolysus and Hepatozoon.[6]
Karadjian, Chavatte and Landau revised the Adeleidae in 2015,[7] performed a molecular analysis and proposed a new classification in four 'types' based on their biology, as follows:
Adeleorina is a suborder of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa.
本文参照
アデレア亜目（AdeleorinaまたはAdeleina）はアピコンプレックス門に属する寄生性原生生物の一群で、コクシジウム類のうち有性生殖の際に雌雄の生殖母体が対になって発達することを特徴とする分類群である。主に無脊椎動物の消化管近傍に寄生するアデレア類(adeleids)と、脊椎動物の血球中に寄生し吸血動物によって媒介されるヘモグレガリナ類(haemogregarines)とに大別され、あわせて500種程度が知られている。アデレア目(Adeleida)とする場合もある。
雌雄の生殖母体は大きさは異なるがともに大きく不動性で、グレガリナ類に似た連接 (syzygy) により対になって発達することが特徴である。これに対してアイメリア亜目では、生殖母体が連接を行わず雌雄独立に発達し、雄性配偶子が小さく鞭毛で運動する。
7科に分ける分類が一般的である[1] 。分子系統解析でアデレア亜目全体の単系統性は強く支持されているが、分子情報のない分類群が多く内部の系統関係は判然としない[2]。
以下の3科は単一宿主性である。
以下の4科は吸血動物と脊椎動物の二宿主性であり、分子系統解析で単系統性が強く支持されている[2]。
この項目は、原生生物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（ポータル 生き物と自然／プロジェクト 生物）。 アデレア亜目（AdeleorinaまたはAdeleina）はアピコンプレックス門に属する寄生性原生生物の一群で、コクシジウム類のうち有性生殖の際に雌雄の生殖母体が対になって発達することを特徴とする分類群である。主に無脊椎動物の消化管近傍に寄生するアデレア類(adeleids)と、脊椎動物の血球中に寄生し吸血動物によって媒介されるヘモグレガリナ類(haemogregarines)とに大別され、あわせて500種程度が知られている。アデレア目(Adeleida)とする場合もある。
아델레아아목(Adeleorina)은 정단복합체충문에 속하는 원생생물 아목의 하나이다.[1]
이 분류는 1911년 리제(Léger)가 생성했다. 처음 확인된 종은 유럽의 개구리에서 발견하여, 1871년 랑케스터(Lankester)가 명명한 "닥틸로소마 라나룸"(Dactylosoma ranarum)이다. 처음에는 "운둘리나 라나룸"(Undulina ranarum)으로 불렀지만, 1882년에 Drepanidium ranarum로 변경했다. 이후 이 종은 "닥틸로소마속"(Dactylosoma)으로 옮겨졌다.
카니네 헵파토주노시스(Canine hepatozoonosis)는 인도에서 제임스(James)가 1905년에 처음 기술했다. 이 생물은 "레우코키토준 카니스"(Leukocytozoon canis)라고 명명했다. 갈색개참진드기(Rhipicephalus sanguineus)가 매개 동물이라는 사실은 1907년 크리스토퍼(Christopher)에 의해 밝혔졌다.
1908년 밀러(Miller)가 생성한 분류 "헵파토준속"(Hepatozoon)은 집쥐(Rattus norvegicus)의 몸에 기생하며, 간에서 분열생식을 하거나 진드기 Laelap echidinus에서 포자생식을 한다.
처음에 이 속은 레저(Ledger)가 Haemogregarinidae로 분류했지만, 그후 이 분류는 삭제되었고 1926년 웬욘(Wenyon)이 Hepatozoidae를 만들어 다시 분류했다.
