Sapvari yovşan (lat. Artemisia capillaris)[1] - yovşan cinsinə aid bitki növü.[2]
Artemisia capillaris, (Chinese: 茵陈蒿 yīn chén hāo), is a species of flowering plant in the wormwood genus Artemisia, family Asteraceae.[2]
Artemisia capillaris is biennial or perennial herb, 30-80(100) cm tall with vertical, woody rootstock and usually a single to few, slender, erect, pale purplish or reddish brown, glabrous stems. Leaves are silky hairy, basal ones shortly petiolate, middle stem leaves almost sessile. Synflorescence is a narrow to wide panicle with many capitula composed of 8 to 12 yellow florets. Oblong-ovate, brown achenes are minuscule ca. 0.8 mm.[3]
It is native to Pakistan, the western Himalayas, Assam, all of China, Mongolia, the Korean Peninsula, Irkutsk Oblast and Primorsky Krai in Russia, the Ryukyus, and Japan, and has been widely introduced to Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Southeast Asia, all of Malesia, and Taiwan.[1] It is used in traditional Chinese medicine.[4] The compound 6,7-Dimethylculetin, also known as Scoparone is found in this plant. This compound is instrumental in activating the Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) and prevents gallstone formation. [1]
Artemisia capillaris, (Chinese: 茵陈蒿 yīn chén hāo), is a species of flowering plant in the wormwood genus Artemisia, family Asteraceae.
Artemisia capillaris is biennial or perennial herb, 30-80(100) cm tall with vertical, woody rootstock and usually a single to few, slender, erect, pale purplish or reddish brown, glabrous stems. Leaves are silky hairy, basal ones shortly petiolate, middle stem leaves almost sessile. Synflorescence is a narrow to wide panicle with many capitula composed of 8 to 12 yellow florets. Oblong-ovate, brown achenes are minuscule ca. 0.8 mm.
It is native to Pakistan, the western Himalayas, Assam, all of China, Mongolia, the Korean Peninsula, Irkutsk Oblast and Primorsky Krai in Russia, the Ryukyus, and Japan, and has been widely introduced to Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Southeast Asia, all of Malesia, and Taiwan. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine. The compound 6,7-Dimethylculetin, also known as Scoparone is found in this plant. This compound is instrumental in activating the Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) and prevents gallstone formation. [1]
Artemisia capillaris, tên thông thường nhân trần hao, thanh cao chỉ, hoặc nhân trần Trung Quốc, là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được Thunb. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1784.[1]
Artemisia capillaris, tên thông thường nhân trần hao, thanh cao chỉ, hoặc nhân trần Trung Quốc, là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được Thunb. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1784.
茵陈蒿(學名:Artemisia capillaris),是菊科蒿属的植物。多年生木狀草本,通常生長在海邊的旱生沙地上。與同科的“滨蒿”(Artemisia scoparia)共稱為茵陈。其幼苗干燥后是一种中草药。亦寫作「茵陳」、「茵陳蒿」。
外形像松樹也有點像木麻黃,茎呈圆柱形,多分枝,长30-100厘米,直径2~8厘米,表面淡紫色或紫色,有纵条纹,体轻,质脆。绵茵陈多卷曲成团状,灰白色或灰绿色。茵陈蒿叶密集,或多脱落。下部叶二至三回羽状深裂,裂片条形或细条形,茎生叶一至二回羽状全裂,基部抱茎,裂片细丝状;头状花序卵形,多数集成圆锥状,长1.2~1.5mm,直径1~1.2mm,有短梗;总苞片3~4层,卵形,苞片3裂;外层雌花6~10个,可多达15个,内层两性花2~10个;瘦果长圆形,黄棕色。
是治療肝病的重要中藥。入药部分为全草乾幼苗, 含有6,7-二甲基七叶树内酯(6,7-dimethylsculetin)、a-蒎烯(Pinene)、茵陈二炔酮(capillin)、茵陈烯块(capillene)等化学成分。
「茵陳蒿」,始見於《神農本草經》。根據《中國藥典》記載,「茵陳」為菊科植物濱蒿(豬毛蒿)(Artemisia scoparia Waldst.et Kit.)或茵陳蒿(Artemisia capillaries Thunb.)的乾燥地上部分。春季幼苗高6-10cm時採收的習稱「綿茵陳」(即濱蒿與茵陳蒿帶有白色或灰白色絨毛的植物幼苗)。
中医认为气芳香,味苦微寒,归脾、胃、肝、胆经,有清湿热,退黄疸的功效。用来主治黄疸尿少、湿疮瘙痒、黄疸型传染性肝炎等症状。用量一般为10-15克。
中醫師認為茵陳可促進膽汁分泌,有利膽作用,故能退黃;另外,膽汁可刺激肝細胞再生,對保護肝臟非常重要,是保護肝細胞的良藥。現代藥理研究也證明,茵陳有顯著利膽、解熱、保肝、降血壓效果,對結核菌也有抑制作用。
台灣的中藥舖所售的茵陳,有「綿茵陳」與「北茵陳」兩類。北茵陳是唇形科植物牛至(Origanum vulgare L.)的乾燥帶花枝葉。臺灣市售茵陳藥材中,北茵陳佔多數。此可能是地區用藥習慣。北茵陳,有清暑解表,利水消腫的功能,民間常作為利尿、發汗劑,與具有清熱利濕作用,為治療黃疸要藥的綿茵陳在功效上有所不同[1]。
在過去蚊香和殺蟲劑未普及時,老一輩的人常將茵蔯蒿的莖葉曬乾,扎成一束束,放在打過洞的鐵罐子裡,傍晚時分在房間或禽畜的欄圈裡點著,用以驅蚊,人畜都可以有好眠,後來因殺蟲劑普及被遺忘。
茵陈蒿(學名:Artemisia capillaris),是菊科蒿属的植物。多年生木狀草本,通常生長在海邊的旱生沙地上。與同科的“滨蒿”(Artemisia scoparia)共稱為茵陈。其幼苗干燥后是一种中草药。亦寫作「茵陳」、「茵陳蒿」。
カワラヨモギ(河原蓬、学名:Artemisia capillaris)はキク科ヨモギ属の多年草。茎の下部が木質化し、低木状になるため「亜低木」とされる場合もある。
花をつけないで先にロゼット状に葉を叢生(そうせい)させる短茎と、花をつける長い花茎がある。
短茎の葉は長さ2-3cmになる葉柄があり、葉身は2回羽状に全裂し、裂片の幅は0.3-2mmと糸状になる。葉の両面に密に灰白色の絹毛が生え、全体に白っぽく見える。ふつう絹毛が密生するが、ときにやや無毛となる場合がある。
花茎は高さ30-100cmになり、よく分枝する。花茎につく葉は、長さ1.5-3(-9)cm、幅1-7cm、1-2回羽状に全裂し、裂片の幅は0.3mmと細く糸状になる。ふつう無毛であるが、ときに両面に絹毛がある。
花期は9-10月。頭花は大きな円錐花序に多数、密につける。頭花は長さ1.5-2mm、幅1.5-2mmの球形または卵形で、舌状花がなく筒状花のみで構成される。総苞片は3-4列で覆瓦状に並び、外片は小さく卵形になる。果実は痩果になり、長楕円形で長さは0.8mmになる。
日本では、本州、四国、九州、琉球に分布し、海岸や川岸の砂地に生育する。川岸に生育するものは、海岸のものより背丈が高く、毛が少ない。世界では、朝鮮、中国、ネパール、フィリピンに分布する。
全草を漢方で利尿薬とする。