dcsimg

Comments ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
The bark fiber is good for making ropes and clothing. The roots are of medicinal use.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of China Vol. 12: 318 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Shrubs or small trees, up to 2(-8) m tall. Branchlets stellate puberulent. Stipules linear, 7-10 mm, caducous; petiole 0.8-2.5 cm, puberulent; leaf blade broadly oblong-obovate, or almost circular, 10-12(-23) × 7-9(-17) cm, thinly leathery, abaxially densely puberulent to tomentose with mixture of stellate and simple hairs, adaxially stellate puberulent, base rounded or obliquely cordate, margin serrate, apex ± truncate with shortly acuminate tip and usually lateral lobes. Inflorescences axillary, usually 2 or 3 per axil, densely clustered, to 2 cm. Flowers 3.5-4 cm in diam. Epicalyx lobes subulate, to 7 mm. Sepals 17-20 mm, usually 4-5-lobed, lobes triangular, ± 2-lipped, densely stellate hairy. Petals red or purple, unequal in length, upper 2 larger, 1.2-1.5 cm, obliquely falcate. Androgynophore 3-4 cm, curved at tip. Stamens 10; staminodes 5, equal to filaments in length. Ovary slightly verrucose, spirally twisted after pollination. Capsule on ca. 2.5 cm stalk, cylindric, conspicuously spirally twisted, black when mature, 4-8 × (0.5-)0.7-0.9(-1) cm, apex acute, with beak to 1 cm, densely stellate puberulent at first, glabrescent. Seeds many, to 2 mm, angular, wrinkled, tomentose. Fl. Apr-Oct, fr. Oct-Jan.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of China Vol. 12: 318 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
SE Hainan, S Yunnan [?Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia].
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of China Vol. 12: 318 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Tropical Himalaya, India, east to S. China, Malaysia, Australia.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal @ eFloras.org
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K.K. Shrestha, J.R. Press and D.A. Sutton
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Elevation Range ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
150-300 m
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Vol. 0 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal @ eFloras.org
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K.K. Shrestha, J.R. Press and D.A. Sutton
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Habitat ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Dry deciduous forests, scrub, dry grasslands on slopes; below 100-600 m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of China Vol. 12: 318 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
projeto
eFloras.org
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Synonym ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Helicteres chrysocalyx Masters; H. roxburghii G. Don.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of China Vol. 12: 318 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Helicteres isora ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Helicteres isora oder der Haselnussblättrige Schraubenbaum, ist ein Strauch oder kleiner Baum in der Familie der Malvengewächse aus Indien, Pakistan, Nepal bis nach Südostasien und Südchina.

Beschreibung

Vegetative Merkmale

Helicteres isora wächst als Strauch oder kleiner Baum etwa 4–8 Meter hoch. Die Borke ist relativ glatt und gräulich bis bräunlich.

Die gestielten, dünnen, papierigen Laubblätter sind einfach und wechselständig angeordnet. Sie sind bis 20 Zentimeter lang und rundlich, elliptisch oder eiförmig bis verkehrt-eiförmig. Der dickliche, feinhaarige Blattstiel ist bis 2,5 Zentimeter lang. Sie sind am Rand gesägt bis leicht gelappt, mit einer stumpfen, leicht herzförmigen Basis und einer spitzen oder bespitzten Spitze. Die Blätter sind mehr oder weniger behaart, unterseits dicht, sowie etwas filzig und oberseits spärlicher und rauhaarig. Die Nervatur ist drei- bis fünfzählig. Die kleinen Nebenblätter sind abfallend.

Generative Merkmale

Die zwittrigen, gestielten und duftenden Blüten stehen achselständig und einzeln auf einem kurzen Schaft oder zymös in kleinen Gruppen bis zu 5 auf einem kurzen Blütenstandsstiel. Die Blüten sind fünfzählig und mit doppelter Blütenhülle. Unten am Blütenstiel, an der Rhachis, sitzen zwei Drüsen, extraflorale Nektarien, und ein kleines, linealisches Deck- sowie zwei kleine, linealische Vorblätter. Die zwei Tage blühenden Blüten sind dichogam und für einen Tag proterandrisch (vormännlich).

Der Kelch ist senfgelb, außen feinhaarig und glockenförmig verwachsen mit 5 ungleichen, kleineren Zipfeln. 3 Zipfel sind frei und 2 fast ganz verwachsen, unten im Kelch sitzen Nektardrüsen. Zur Fruchtreife löst sich oft der Kelch von seiner Basis und wandert nach oben, wo er dann relativ frei am Fruchtstiel (Androgynophor) hängt. Die 5 ungleichen und länglichen, anfänglich, in der vormännlichen Phase, bläulichen und dann orangen bis roten Petalen sind genagelt, mit zurückgelegter Platte. 3 Petalen sind kleiner, schmaler und sitzen mit einem längeren, oben geöhrten Nagel, am Androgynophor, die 2 größeren, breiteren Petalen, mit einem kürzeren und oben leicht geflügelten Nagel, sitzen unten im Kelch. An den Petalen sind innen, mehr oder weniger, kleine, rötliche Drüsenhaare vorhanden.

Das grünliche bis weiß-rote, etwas seitlich stehende Androgynophor ist lang und vorstehend. Oben, 90° abgewinkelt sitzt der kleine, feinhaarige und fünfteilige Fruchtknoten, er besteht aus fünf einkammerigen einzelnen Fruchtblättern (apokarp), mit fünf kurzen, fast verwachsenen und nach oben abgebogenen, weißlichen und etwas vorstehenden Griffeln mit länglichen Narben. Um den Fruchtknoten herum sind 10 kurze, etwa zu 2/3 röhrig verwachsene Staubblätter, die ebenfalls im 90° Winkel zum Androgynophor stehen, mit rötlichen, ausladenden Staubbeuteln und innen 5 kurze Staminodien vorhanden.

Es werden 5 spiralig, zu einer tauartigen Walze, ineinander verdrehte, dunkelbraune, feinhaarige und bis 4–8 Zentimeter lange, geschnäbelte Balgfrüchte oder nach anderer Auffassung Kapselfrüchte gebildet. Sie öffnen sich entlang der inneren Naht und enthalten jeweils 20–25, etwa 2–2,5 Millimeter lange und dunkelbraune Samen. Die leicht warzigen Samen sind eiförmig bis rhombisch oder zylindrisch.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 18.

Literatur

  • Ian D. Cowie: New taxa and notes on Helicteres L. (Malvaceae: Helicteroideae) from the Northern Territory, Australia. In: The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory. 27, 2011, 27–54, online auf researchgate.net. 
  • Helicteres isora bei PROSEA.

Weblinks

 src=
– Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
  • Helicteres isora bei Useful Tropical Plants.
  • Helicteres isora bei Auroville Virtual Herbarium, abgerufen am 29. April 2019 (Mit einer Auswahl im Menu rechts).
 title=
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wikipedia DE

Helicteres isora: Brief Summary ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Helicteres isora oder der Haselnussblättrige Schraubenbaum, ist ein Strauch oder kleiner Baum in der Familie der Malvengewächse aus Indien, Pakistan, Nepal bis nach Südostasien und Südchina.

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Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia DE

இடம்புரி (தாவரம்) ( Tâmil )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

இடம்புரி (Helicteres Isora) அல்லது இந்திய திருகு மரம் எனப்படுவது இந்தியத் துணைக்கண்டத்திலும் தென் சீனா, மலாய், ஜாவா, சவுதி அரேபியா மற்றும் இந்தியா போன்ற நாடுகளில் காணப்படும் தாவரம் ஆகும். இத்தாவரத்தில் உள்ள சிவப்பு நிறப்பூவின் மகரந்தத்தை தேன்சிட்டு விரும்பி உண்ணும்.[2]

மேற்கோள்கள்

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விக்கிபீடியா ஆசிரியர்கள் மற்றும் ஆசிரியர்கள்
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இடம்புரி (தாவரம்): Brief Summary ( Tâmil )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages

இடம்புரி (Helicteres Isora) அல்லது இந்திய திருகு மரம் எனப்படுவது இந்தியத் துணைக்கண்டத்திலும் தென் சீனா, மலாய், ஜாவா, சவுதி அரேபியா மற்றும் இந்தியா போன்ற நாடுகளில் காணப்படும் தாவரம் ஆகும். இத்தாவரத்தில் உள்ள சிவப்பு நிறப்பூவின் மகரந்தத்தை தேன்சிட்டு விரும்பி உண்ணும்.

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விக்கிபீடியா ஆசிரியர்கள் மற்றும் ஆசிரியர்கள்
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Puta taloe

fornecido por wikipedia emerging_languages

Puta taloe nakeuh jeunèh bak kayèe ubeut nyang udép di Arabia, India, Cina Seulatan, Asia Teunggara ngön Australia. Boh nibak bak nyoe nakeuh salah saboh bahan nibak aweueh peuet plôh peuet. Silaén geungui keu ubat, urat kulét kayèejih jeuet geungui keu taloe.[2]

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Puta taloe: Brief Summary

fornecido por wikipedia emerging_languages

Puta taloe nakeuh jeunèh bak kayèe ubeut nyang udép di Arabia, India, Cina Seulatan, Asia Teunggara ngön Australia. Boh nibak bak nyoe nakeuh salah saboh bahan nibak aweueh peuet plôh peuet. Silaén geungui keu ubat, urat kulét kayèejih jeuet geungui keu taloe.

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Helicteres isora ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Helicteres isora, sometimes called the Indian screw tree, is a small tree or large shrub found in southern Asia and northern Oceania. It is usually assigned to the family Malvaceae,[2] but it is sometimes assigned to the family Sterculiaceae.[3] The red flowers are pollinated mainly by sunbirds, butterflies, and Hymenoptera.[4][3][5][6][7] In the 19th century fibers from the bark were used to make rope and sacks, although nowadays the tree is harvested for the fruits and roots which are used in folk medicine.[8]

Common names

  • Sanskrit - Avartani, avartphala
  • Hindi - Marorphali (मरोड़ फली ), bhendu, jonkphal
  • English - Indian screw tree, East Indian screw tree, deer's horn
  • Marathi - Kewad, muradsheng (मुरुड शेंग)
  • Bengali - Antamora (আঁতমোড়া)
  • Gujarati - Maradashingh
  • Kannada - Yedmuri
  • Tamil - valampuri (வலம்புரி)
  • Telugu - Vadampiri
  • Malayalam - Idampiri valampiri (ഇടംപിരി വലംപിരി|ഇടംപിരി വലംപിരി)
  • Thai - S̄amunpra pai ka bid (สมุนไพรปอกะบิด)
  • Sinhala - Liniya (ලීනිය)[9]

Other vernacular names include mochra, mudmudika, kurkurbicha, sinkri, valumbari, yedamuri, pita baranda, balampari, guvadarra, pedamuri, ishwarmuri, murmuriya, and vurkatee.[3][10][5][6][7] [11] In Indonesia it is called buah kayu ules or ulet-ulet on Java.[12] Odia: Modi modika( ମୋଡି ମୋଡ଼ିକା)

Description

Dried fruits of H. isora
Fruits of H. isora at Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, Visakhapatnam
Dried, ruptured fruits of H. isora (with centimetre scale)

H. isora is a small tree or large shrub, five to eight metres in height. It has grey bark and alternately arranged, hairy, ovate leaves with serrate margins. Its flowers are brick red or orange-red, and its fruits are green when raw, brown or grey when dried, and twisted, with a screw at its pointed end. Seeds of the plant are black or brown and are highly polished, roughly rhomboid, and rectangular or triangular.[3][5][6][7] Pollinators of the flower include the jungle babbler, the golden-fronted leafbird, the ashy drongo, and the white-bellied drongo.[13]

Distribution

H. isora is a tropical Asian plant. It is found throughout India and Pakistan, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, and Sri Lanka. However, it gregariously grows in dry deciduous forests of central and western India on hill slopes. It is also found on the Malay Peninsula, Java,[12] and Australia.[3][5][6]

Economic importance

Fruits of H. isora are exported from India to 19 countries, with a 36-month value of US$ 274,055. At the farm gate local harvesters receive 0.3 US$ per kg, while it can be sold overseas for 2 US$.[8]

Phytochemistry

H. isora is a rich source of antioxidants, carbohydrates, proteins, fibre, calcium, phosphorus, and iron.[14] Active phytoconstituents include gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillin, and p-coumaric acid.[15][16] Cucurbitacin b and isocucurbitacin b have been isolated from the roots.[17] Additionally, Satake et al. (1999) isolated rosmarinic acid and their derivatives; isoscutellarein and their derivatives; D-glucopyranosyl isorinic acid with rosmarinic acid; helisterculins A and B; and helisorin.[12]

Medicinal value

The fruits and roots of H. isora are used in traditional medicine systems of Asia, Iraq and South Africa, where they are credited with having value in treatment of a wide variety of conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes, cancer, and infections.[3][5][6][8][14] There appear to have been no scientific investigations of these beliefs. However, laboratory studies have confirmed that both bacteria and cancer cells may survive less well in the presence of extracts of the fruits.[16][18][19] Animal studies have shown that extracts of the roots can improve glucose tolerance in diabetic rats.[20][21]

References

  1. ^ "Helicteres isora L. — the Plant List".
  2. ^ Hinsley, S.R. (2006). "Classification of Malvaceae: Overview". malvaceae.info. Retrieved 2019-07-17.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Warrier, P. K., Nambiar, V. P. K., & Ramankutty, C. (1994). Indian medicinal plants: A compendium of 500 species (Vol. 3). Orient Blackswan. 132-135
  4. ^ Atluri, J. B., Rao, S. P. and Reddi, C. S. (2000). "Pollination ecology of Helicteres isora Linn. (Sterculiaceae)" (PDF). Curr. Sci. 78: 713–718.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ a b c d e Ahuja BS. Medicinal plants of Saharanpur (1965), Vedicbooks.net, 40-41
  6. ^ a b c d e Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. (1995) Indian medicinal plants. Vol. 1. Dehradun, India: International book distributors; 371–2
  7. ^ a b c Trivedi PC, Ethanobotany,2002; Sur, RR and Halder AC; 146-168
  8. ^ a b c Cunningham, A.B.; Ingram, W.; Brinckmann, J.A.; Nesbitt, M. (2018). "Twists, turns and trade: A new look at the Indian Screw tree ( Helicteres isora )". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 225: 128–135. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.032. PMID 29944892. S2CID 49430100.
  9. ^ "Ayurvedic Plants of Sri Lanka: Plants Details".
  10. ^ Warrier, P. K. (1993). Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species. ISBN 9788125003021.
  11. ^ "Helicteres isora - East-Indian Screw Tree". flowersofindia.net. Retrieved 2015-01-02.
  12. ^ a b c Satake, T., Kamiya, K., Saiki, Y., Hama, T., Fujimoto, Y., Kitanaka, S., ... & Umar, M. (1999). Studies on the Constituents of Fruits of Helicteres isora L. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin -Tokyo-, 47, 1444–1447.
  13. ^ V, Santharam (25 Feb 1996). "Visitation Patterns of birds and butterflies at Helicteres isora Linn. (Sterculiaceae) clump" (PDF). Current Science. 70: 316–319.
  14. ^ a b Gayathri, P., Gayathri Devi, S., & Sivagami Srinivasan, S. S. (2010). Screening and Quantitation of Phytochemicals and Nutritional Components of the Fruit and Bark of Helicteres isora. Hygeia journal for drugs and medicines, 2(1), 57-62.
  15. ^ Jain Amita, Sinha Prakriti; Desai Neetin S.; (2014) Estimation of flavonoid, Phenol content and antioxidant potential of Indian screw tree (Helicteres isora L.); International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (4):1320–1330.
  16. ^ a b Raaman, N., & Balasubramanian, K.(2012) Antioxidant and anticancer activity of Helicteres isora dried fruit solvent extracts. Journal of Academic and Industrial Research (1), 148-152.
  17. ^ Bean, M. F., Antoun, M., Abramson, D., Chang, C. J., McLaughlin, J. L., & Cassady, J. M. (1985). Cucurbitacin B and isocucurbitacin B: cytotoxic components of Helicteres isora. Journal of Natural Products, 48(3), 500-500.
  18. ^ Pradhan, Madhulika (2008). "In-vitro cytoprotection". Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 1: 450–452.
  19. ^ Shiram, V (2010). "Antibacterial and antiplasmid activities of Helicteres isora L.". Indian Journal of Medical Research. 132: 94–99.
  20. ^ Venkatesh, Sama; Madhava Reddy, B.; Dayanand Reddy, G.; Mullangi, Ramesh; Lakshman, M. (2010). "Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Helicteres isora roots in alloxan-induced diabetic rats: a possible mechanism of action". Journal of Natural Medicines. 64 (3): 295–304. doi:10.1007/s11418-010-0406-9. ISSN 1340-3443. PMID 20238178. S2CID 26989028.
  21. ^ Venkatesh, Sama; Dayanand Reddy, G.; Reddy, Y.S.R.; Sathyavathy, D.; Madhava Reddy, B. (2004). "Effect of Helicteres isora root extracts on glucose tolerance in glucose-induced hyperglycemic rats". Fitoterapia. 75 (3–4): 364–367. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2003.12.025. PMID 15158996.
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Helicteres isora: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Helicteres isora, sometimes called the Indian screw tree, is a small tree or large shrub found in southern Asia and northern Oceania. It is usually assigned to the family Malvaceae, but it is sometimes assigned to the family Sterculiaceae. The red flowers are pollinated mainly by sunbirds, butterflies, and Hymenoptera. In the 19th century fibers from the bark were used to make rope and sacks, although nowadays the tree is harvested for the fruits and roots which are used in folk medicine.

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wikipedia EN

Helicteres isora ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Helicteres isora là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được L. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Helicteres isora. Truy cập ngày 4 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài

 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Helicteres isora  src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Helicteres isora


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến họ Cẩm quỳ này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Helicteres isora: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Helicteres isora là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được L. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1753.

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火索麻 ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Helicteres isora

火索麻学名Helicteres isora),为梧桐科山芝麻属下的一个植物种。[1]

参考资料

  1. ^ 火索麻 Helicteres isora L.. 中国植物物种信息数据库. [2013-01-15].


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火索麻: Brief Summary ( Chinês )

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火索麻(学名:Helicteres isora),为梧桐科山芝麻属下的一个植物种。

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
维基百科作者和编辑
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia 中文维基百科