Triumfetta annua L.

Triumfetta annua was incorrectly named as T. suffruticosa Blume by some authors, including Merrill; it has also been confused with T. japonica Makino, which is restricted to Japan, Korea, and the Philippines.

An annual herb, c. 1 m tall. Stem glabrous except for a single line of crispy hairs on purplish side of internodes, alternating at each node. Leaves membranous, 3-costate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 5.5-7 cm long, 2-3 cm broad, with scattered simple hairs on both sides, acuminate-acute, coarsely serrate; petiole 1-2 cm long, hairy on upper side; stipules subulate, hirsute. Cymes antiphyllous, 3-flowered, c. 1 cm long. Flowers orange, c. 8 mm across; pedicel c. 3 mm long, longer in fruit. Sepals lorate, cucullate and awned at the apex. Petals spathulate, slightly smaller than the sepals, obtuse. Stamens twice as many as petals. Carpels 4;ovary globose, 4-loculed, hairy; style equalling the stamens, stigma 4-lobed. Capsule globose, glabrous, 9-11 mm in diameter including 4-5 mm long, glabrous, conical uncinate spines.

Herbs annual, or subshrubs. Branchlets yellow-brown tomentose. Stipule narrowly triangular; petiole 1-7.5 cm, sparsely simple-pilose; leaf blade ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-13 × 3-7 cm, papery, sparsely pilose, both surfaces simple-pilose, basal veins 3-5, 2 lateral ones ascending beyond 1/2 blade, base rounded or subcordate, margin serrate, apex caudate or acuminate. Peduncle very short. Pedicel 3-6 mm, villous. Bracts 2-3 mm, villous. Flower bud nearly glabrous. Sepals ca. 5 mm, tips appendaged. Petals oblanceolate, slightly shorter than sepals. Stamens 10. Ovary 3- or 4-loculed, spiny; style very short; stigma 2-3-lobed. Capsule impressed globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., spiny, dehiscent, 3- or 4-valved; spines 3-7 mm, glabrous or hairy at base, tip hooked. Fl. autumn.

Africa, Himalaya, India, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia.

Distribution: Pakistan, India, East Indies, Madagascar, tropical and South West Africa.

1000-1700 m

Fl. Per.: August-September.

Open areas, roadsides. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan; Africa].

annua: annual

Erect annual herb, up to 60 cm. Young stems pubescent and often with a line of hairs on opposite sides along the stems. Leaves ovate, up to 12 cm, becoming narrower and shorter, higher on the stems, 3-5 veined from the base; apex acutely acuminate; margin coarsely serrate or crenate. Flowers in axillary clusters, yellow. Sepals often tipped dark red, linear, narrower and longer than the petals. Fruit c. 15 mm in diameter including the bristles or aculei.

Widespread in Tropical Africa, Namibia, and northern South Africa. Also in Madagascar, India, China and Malaysia.

Triumfetta annua là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cẩm quỳ. Loài này được L. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1767.

单毛刺蒴麻（学名：Triumfetta annua）为锦葵科刺蒴麻属的植物。分布于马来西亚、非洲、印度以及中国大陆的广西、贵州、浙江、湖北、广东、江西、云南、四川等地，生长于海拔450米至2,800米的地区，一般生长在荒野和路旁，目前尚未由人工引种栽培。