Silene coniflora Nees ex Otth

Mediterranean region (Ras El-Hekma).

Portugal, Spain, Italy, Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Iraq, Afghanistan.

Silene coniflora apparently was introduced into North America in the early days of European exploration and settlement of the Pacific coast. It occurs as a native species from the eastern shores of the Mediterranean to Pakistan and Afghanistan. The report by C. V. Piper (1906) of its occurrence in Washington is based on a specimen of S. conica. I have been unable to confirm the statement by M. E. Peck (1961) that S. multinervia is “sparingly introduced” along the coast of Oregon.

Plants annual; taproot slender. Stems erect, simple or branched, 20-65 cm, glandular-pubescent. Leaves: proximal forming rosette, blade oblanceolate, spatulate, 3-8(-12) cm × 5-13(-25) mm, apex ± obtuse, sparingly pubescent and glandular; cauline reduced distally, blade lanceolate, 1-7 cm × 2-15 mm, apex ± acute, sparingly pubescent and glandular. Inflorescences dichasiate, open, bracteate; bracts leaflike, to 15 mm. Pedicels ascending, 1-3(-5) cm, densely glandular-pubescent, viscid. Flowers: calyx prominently 20-25-veined, ovate-conic, 8-12 mm, margins dentate, coarsely pubescent, glandular, lobes erect, narrowly lanceolate, 2-3 mm, margins membranous ca. 4 length of calyx; corolla inconspicuous, cream, purple tinged adaxially, dull orange abaxially, equaling or slightly longer than calyx, limb ovate, 1-3 mm, apex notched, appendages absent, auricles round, small; stamens shorter than corolla; stigmas 3, shorter than corolla. Capsules tightly enclosed in calyx, ovoid, with narrow opening, opening by 6 triangular teeth ca. 1 mm; carpophore ca. 1 mm. Seeds dark brown to black, rotund, 0.6-1 mm broad, papillate. 2n = 20 (Asia).

introduced; Calif.; Mexico (Baja California); Asia.

Flowering spring-early summer.

Open places, oak parklands, especially after burning; 0-2000m.

Silene multinervia S. Watson

Silene multinervia is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name manynerve catchfly.

It is native to the coastal hills and mountain ranges of California and Baja California, where it grows in chaparral and other local habitat.

Silene multinervia is an annual herb producing a hairy, glandular, erect stem to a maximum height near 65 centimetres (26 in). The leaves are lance-shaped and up to 10 centimetres (3.9 in) long; the largest ones are low on the stem and smaller ones farther up. Flowers occur in a terminal cyme at the top of the stem, as well as in some of the leaf axils. Each is encapsulated in a hairy calyx of fused sepals which is lined with many veins, more than the 10 that many other Silene have. The five petals are white to pink and have small notches in their tips.

Like many chaparral plants, this species is adapted to wildfire-prone conditions. Its seeds are strongly stimulated to germinate when exposed to smoke.

Silene coniflora là loài thực vật có hoa thuộc họ Cẩm chướng. Loài này được Nees ex DC. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1824.