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Каракатицалар (лат. Myopsida) — башпут моллюскалардын бир түркүмү; буларга төмөнкү тукумдар да кирет: мүрөккеп сымалдуу каракатицалар (тукум) (лат. Lobiginidae), накта каракатицалар (тукум) (Sepiidae).
Каракатицалар (лат. Myopsida) — башпут моллюскалардын бир түркүмү; буларга төмөнкү тукумдар да кирет: мүрөккеп сымалдуу каракатицалар (тукум) (лат. Lobiginidae), накта каракатицалар (тукум) (Sepiidae).
Myopsida is one of the four orders of squid. It consists of two families: the monotypic Australiteuthis and the diverse and commercially important Loliginidae (~50 species). Some taxonomists classify this taxon as a suborder of the order Teuthida, in which case it is known as Myopsina. This reclassification is due to Myopsina and Oegopsina not being demonstrated to form a clade.[2]
A number of morphological features distinguish members of Myopsida from those of its sister group, Oegopsida. Some of the most obvious differences are found in the structure of the eyes: those of myopsid squids lack a secondary eyelid and are instead covered by a transparent corneal membrane, the opening of which is reduced to a microscopic anterior pore in most species. The arms and tentacles are ornamented with simple suckers (hooks are never present), with additional suckers usually borne on the buccal lappets. The carpal ("wrist") portion of the tentacular club lacks a locking apparatus, and a tentacle pocket is present on the head. The funnel has no lateral adductor muscles. An internalised shell is present in the form of a well-developed gladius, which is located dorsally within the mantle and extends for almost its entire length. In contrast to oegopsids, females possess accessory nidamental glands in addition to the main nidamental glands. They however lack a right oviduct.[3][4]
Myopsids are found in coastal waters worldwide. They are demersal, generally feeding on or near the bottom.[3][4] In turn, they are considered prey items by virtually all marine predators, including birds.
Adult sizes range from the dwarf Australiteuthis and Pickfordiateuthis, whose males mature at less than 2 cm (0.79 in) in mantle length (ML), to the large Loligo forbesii, which can exceed 90 cm (3.0 ft) ML.[3][4]
Myopsida is one of the four orders of squid. It consists of two families: the monotypic Australiteuthis and the diverse and commercially important Loliginidae (~50 species). Some taxonomists classify this taxon as a suborder of the order Teuthida, in which case it is known as Myopsina. This reclassification is due to Myopsina and Oegopsina not being demonstrated to form a clade.
A number of morphological features distinguish members of Myopsida from those of its sister group, Oegopsida. Some of the most obvious differences are found in the structure of the eyes: those of myopsid squids lack a secondary eyelid and are instead covered by a transparent corneal membrane, the opening of which is reduced to a microscopic anterior pore in most species. The arms and tentacles are ornamented with simple suckers (hooks are never present), with additional suckers usually borne on the buccal lappets. The carpal ("wrist") portion of the tentacular club lacks a locking apparatus, and a tentacle pocket is present on the head. The funnel has no lateral adductor muscles. An internalised shell is present in the form of a well-developed gladius, which is located dorsally within the mantle and extends for almost its entire length. In contrast to oegopsids, females possess accessory nidamental glands in addition to the main nidamental glands. They however lack a right oviduct.
Myopsids are found in coastal waters worldwide. They are demersal, generally feeding on or near the bottom. In turn, they are considered prey items by virtually all marine predators, including birds.
Adult sizes range from the dwarf Australiteuthis and Pickfordiateuthis, whose males mature at less than 2 cm (0.79 in) in mantle length (ML), to the large Loligo forbesii, which can exceed 90 cm (3.0 ft) ML.
Les Myopsida sont un ordre de céphalopodes décapodes, qui constituent avec leur groupe frère Oegopsida le groupe des « calmars ».
Certaines classifications substituent à ce taxon le sous-ordre des Myopsina, au sein de l'ordre des Teuthida.
Ces calmars se caractérisent entre autres par un gonoducte simple et non double, mais surtout par la présence sur leur œil d'une deuxième membrane, percée au niveau d'un pore de petite taille.
Selon World Register of Marine Species (9 janvier 2015)[1] :
Les Myopsida sont un ordre de céphalopodes décapodes, qui constituent avec leur groupe frère Oegopsida le groupe des « calmars ».
A dos miópsidos (Myopsida) é unha orde de moluscos cefalópodos da superorde dos decapodiformes,[2] ou decápodos, que constitúe, co seu grupo irmán, o dos egópsidos (Oegopsida), os cefalópodos coñecidos na bibliografía internacional como "luras".
Estas luras caracterízanse, entre outras cousas por teren as súas femias un só oviduto (o esquerdo) e non duplo, como os egópsidos, pero principalmente por teren a cámara anterior do ollo pechada ao exterior, ou en comunicación co el a través dunha pequena abertura, situada lateralmente, nunha segunda membrana (ademais da córnea).[3]
A orde foi descrita en 1841 polo naturalista francés Alcide d'Orbigny.
O termo Myopsida está formado polos elementos do latín científico my-, tirado do grego antigo μύω, mýo, 'pecharse', especialmente os ollos, e -opsida, derivado do grego antigo ὅψις ópsis, 'ollo'. Literalmente: 'os de ollos pechados', aludindo a que non teñen burato na córnea dos ollos (como os egópsidos).
Segundo o World Register of Marine Species, a orde comprende tan só as dúas familias seguintes:[2]
Algúns autores substitúen este taxon pola suborde dos miopsinos (Myopsina), dentro da orde dos téutidos (Teuthida).
A dos miópsidos (Myopsida) é unha orde de moluscos cefalópodos da superorde dos decapodiformes, ou decápodos, que constitúe, co seu grupo irmán, o dos egópsidos (Oegopsida), os cefalópodos coñecidos na bibliografía internacional como "luras".
Myopsida is een orde van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Inktvissen (inktvissen).
Myopsida is een orde van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Inktvissen (inktvissen).
