nomes no trilho de navegação
There are no known negative effects of B. gaimardi on humans. However, other species belonging to the genus Bettongia, especially the burrowing bettong, are viewed as agricultural pests because they are known to dig up roots.
Negative Impacts: crop pest
Bettongia gaimardi is a protected species in Tasmania and is considered to be vulnerable because only 5% of its habitat lies within the bounds of national parks or other protected land. The rest of its habitat belongs to private owners who can alter the land at will. Competition with rabbits introduced to Tasmania also poses a threat. Because there was once a reward for its hide on the Australian mainland, hunting, combined with loss of habitat and introduced species, probably drove bettongs to extinction on the mainland.
Bettongia gaimardi cuniculus has been listed on the IUCN as a lower risk, nearthreatened species since 1996. Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi is listed as extinct and has not been recorded since 1910.
US Federal List: endangered
CITES: appendix i
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: near threatened
Adult female B. gaimardi are known to make “tsk-tsk” sounds to call their young back to the pouch. Other species in Bettongia are reported to use their hind limbs to thump the ground and B. gaimardi is known to use scent glands near the anus to mark territories. Because of the interaction with the mother while living in her pouch, it is likely that tactile communication plays an important role between a mother and her young. Tactile communication is also likely to be important during mating.
Communication Channels: tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Other Communication Modes: scent marks
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
The classification of B. gaimardi has changed considerably over the years. Bettongia gaimardi was first described in 1822 by the French scientist Desmarest and originally classified as two species in the genus Kangurus (Kangurus cuniculus and Kangurus gairmadi). Bettongs received the genus name Hypsiprymnus from Ogilby’s early work in 1837 (cited in Wakefield, 1967); however, the genus name was later changed to Bettongia, a word derived from its aboriginal name "small wallaby". Wakefield’s work in 1967 consolidated the two former species (B. cuniculus and B. gaimardi) into a single species and created two recognized subspecies instead: Bettongia gaimardi cuniculus (Tasmanian Bettong) and Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi (the mainland and now extinct form). For more information on the classification and discovery of B. gaimardi, please see Wakefield, 1967 or "Parks and Wildlife Services Tasmania" 2003.
For pictures of skulls, whole mounts, and drawings of Tasmanian bettongs (and other creatures native to the Australia area) please visit Museum Victoria
There are no known positive effects of B. gaimardi on humans, though they probably attract a few tourists to Tasmania.
Positive Impacts: ecotourism
Bettongia gaimardi builds a grass nest and enthusiastically digs for fungi. It therefore helps to aerate the soil, and has some impact on plant communities. To the extent that these animals serve as prey, they may also impact predator populations.
Ecosystem Impact: soil aeration
Species Used as Host:
Mutualist Species:
Commensal/Parasitic Species:
Bettongia gaimardi is mycophagous. Fungi may comprise as much as 80% of the diet. Other foods may be eaten, but fungi are preferred and unless it is scare. Bettongia gaimardi forages by hopping slowly using all four limbs and often uses the forelimbs to dig for food.
Animal Foods: insects
Plant Foods: leaves; roots and tubers; wood, bark, or stems; fruit; sap or other plant fluids
Other Foods: fungus
Primary Diet: mycophage
Predation and habitat destruction in the early 1900s have restricted Tasmanian bettongs, Bettongia gaimardi cuniculus, to their current range, which includes most of the eastern half of Tasmania. Bettongia gaimardi inhabits arid regions, semi-arid regions, and sclerophyll forests of Tasmania and formerly parts of southern Australia. Eastern bettongs, B. g. gaimardi, were once found on mainland Australia in southern New South Wales and Victoria along the coast but are now extinct.
Biogeographic Regions: australian (Native )
Other Geographic Terms: island endemic
Bettongia gaimardi is found in terrestrial, temperate habitats including grasslands, grassy woodlands, dry eucalyptus forests, and sclerophyll forests (i.e., forests containing plants with hard, short and usually spiky leaves). This species is found from sea level to elevations around 1,000 m.
Range elevation: 0 to 1000 m.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; scrub forest
Little is known about the lifespan of Tasmanian bettongs in capitivity and there is debate about its lifespan in the wild. In captivity, B. gaimardi can live between 7 and 12 years, and its wild lifespan is much shorter, ranging from 3 to 6 years on average.
Range lifespan
Status: wild: 7 (high) years.
Range lifespan
Status: captivity: Unknown (high) years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 3 to 6 years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 3-6 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 11.8 years.
Bettongia gaimardi has a small, compact body. Average total length is 65 cm. Males are slightly longer and thinner than females, although sexual dimorphism is not pronounced. These animals weigh between 1.2 and 2.3 kg.
Pelage is light brown with white flecks. This species has the longest fur and the lightest coloration in Bettongia. The long tail gradually gets darker from base to tip. The hair is slightly longer on the tail and has white tips, a distinguishing characteristic of B. gaimardi. The tail of B. gaimardi tends to be slightly longer than its head-body measurement, although both range between 32 and 33 cm in adults. The belly is very light in color. Digits II and III are, as in other macropods, syndactylous.
An adult female has four teats and a forward opening pouch. A resting, non-lactating female has a basal metabolic rate of approximately 229 kJ/day or 0.51 g of oxygen per hour.
Body temperatures vary with time of day and with estrous cycle, but typically fall between 36.2°C (midday) and 37.5°C (midnight). Bettongia gaimardi sweats to cool off, using sweat glands on its hind limbs, at the base of the tail, and inside the female’s pouch.
Range mass: 1.2 to 2.3 kg.
Average mass: 1.6-1.8 kg.
Range length: 31 to 33 cm.
Average basal metabolic rate: 389 cm3.O2/g/hr.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
Average basal metabolic rate: 3.578 W.
Foxes contributed to the extinction of bettongs on the Australian mainland. Thylacines, Thylacinus cynocephalus, were a likely predator before they became extinct in Tasmania. Birds of prey, such as wedge-tailed eagles and owls, prey upon Tasmanian bettongs, as do feral cats and dogs. There have been reports of Eastern quolls preying upon B. gaimardi, but they have been met with skepticism.
Known Predators:
Female B. gaimardi will not allow males near them except while in heat or while the males check the female for estrus by sniffing. If the male takes too long to check, the female will sometimes kick and hiss until the male leaves. Estrus lasts one night, though mating may occur several times during that single night so occasionally a male and female may be seen together. The estrous cycle lasts 22 to 23 days. Bettongia gaimardi is believed to be polygynous and to breed continuously, however, harsh environment conditions may limit breeding in the wild.
Mating System: polygynous
As in other macropods, B. gaimardi embryos experience a pause in development between fertilization and implantation. A single female may have one young leaving and re-entering the pouch, another suckling, and a third offspring in utero waiting to implant. This allows for continuous reproduction with offspring at all stages of development, and allows for fast replacement of young should one be lost. The estrous cycle is 1.5 days shorter in a pregnant female so that she gives birth just before releasing another egg. Before birth, the pouch muscles tighten so that older offspring cannot re-enter it. The female’s reproductive tract also lacks a birth canal, which forms just before birth and degenerates after birth. It is re-formed for every offspring. Males are atypical for macropods because they do not have a forked penis.
Females can produce 1 offspring per gestation but because a female can produce up to 3 young per year, she can have as many as 10 to 15 young in her lifetime. The young are born ectothermic, blind, and poorly developed. They gradually attain the ability to produce metabolic heat, open their eyes, and continue development in the pouch. The gestation period is 21 days with a 105 day pouch life, and there are 106 days between consecutive births.
Breeding interval: Breeding occurs immediately after a females gives birth. There is a minimum of 106 days between births, assuming that neither the joey nor the embryo is lost.
Breeding season: Breeding occurs year round in captivity and in the wild, though environmental conditions may affect reproduction in the wild.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Average gestation period: 21 days.
Average weaning age: 154-155 days.
Average time to independence: 156 days.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 8 to 12 years.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 12 (high) months.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous ; delayed implantation ; embryonic diapause
Average birth mass: 0.307 g.
Average gestation period: 20 days.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Male B. gaimardi do not take part in parenting; females are solely responsible for the young. Females carry each offspring first in utero and then in the pouch, protecting it and nursing it until the offspring can become independent. The offspring then leaves its mother's nest and disperses.
Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
El cangur rata de Tasmània (Bettongia gaimardi) és una espècie de cangur rata. El seu àmbit de distribució natural inclou el sud-est d'Austràlia i la part oriental de Tasmània.[1][2] Després de la introducció de la guineu, s'extingí al continent australià vers el 1890.
El cangur rata de Tasmània (Bettongia gaimardi) és una espècie de cangur rata. El seu àmbit de distribució natural inclou el sud-est d'Austràlia i la part oriental de Tasmània. Després de la introducció de la guineu, s'extingí al continent australià vers el 1890.
Klokánek Gaimardův Bettongia gaimardi je velmi malý klokan, má však poněkud kratší čumák a o něco delší zadní nohy než klokánek krysí, proto působí více jako klokan.
V současnosti žije jako samostatný poddruh již jen na Tasmánii, kde je poměrně hojný. Kdysi dával přednost přirozeným travinným biomům, ty byly však proměněny v pastviny, a proto se stáhl do řídkých eukalyptových lesů.
Délka klokánka Gaimardova je 31,5 až 33,5 cm. Jeho hmotnost je 1,2 až 2,2 kg.
Je výhradně nočním zvířetem, které prospí den ve svém hnízdě z listí a kůry. Hnízdo staví v mělké prohlubni pod dřívím nebo na hustých travnatých ostrůvcích. Za tímto účelem hromadí materiál. Živí se téměř výhradně rostlinnou potravou. Je sporné, zda byl klokánek Gaimardův na pevnině vyhuben evropskou liškou obecnou, nebo zda ho vytlačila konkurence s králíky. Jelikož liška zatím na Tasmánii nepronikla a králíci jsou tam mnohem vzácnější než na pevnině, je zde jeho přežití zatím zřejmě zajištěno.
Klokánek Gaimardův Bettongia gaimardi je velmi malý klokan, má však poněkud kratší čumák a o něco delší zadní nohy než klokánek krysí, proto působí více jako klokan.
Das Tasmanien-Bürstenrattenkänguru (Bettongia gaimardi) ist ein Beutelsäuger aus der Familie der Rattenkängurus (Potoroidae), der im östlichen Tasmanien und den nahbei gelegenen Inseln Bruny Island und Maria Island vorkommt. Ein Vorkommen auf dem südostaustralischen Festland ist ausgestorben. Die Population auf Tasmanien wird als Unterart Bettongia gaimardi cuniculus klassifiziert, während die erloschene Festlandpopulation die Nominatform B. gaimardi gaimardi bildet.[1]
Das Tasmanien-Bürstenrattenkänguru erreicht eine Kopfrumpflänge von etwa 32 cm, hat einen 29 bis 35 cm langen Schwanz und wiegt 1,2 bis 2,3 kg. Es ist graubraun gefärbt, teilweise mit weißlichen Haarspitzen. Der Bauch ist hellgrau oder weißlich. Auf den Hüften ist meist ein heller Streifen sichtbar. Die Gliedmaßen sind heller als der Rücken. Kopf und Schwanz sind eher bräunlich. Der hintere, mit längeren Haare bestückte Teil des Schwanzes ist dunkel, die Schwanzspitze ist weiß.[1]
Das Tasmanien-Bürstenrattenkänguru kommt in offenen Eucalyptus- und anderen Wäldern vor, von Meeresniveau bis in Höhen von 1000 Metern vor. Der Erdboden ist für gewöhnlich verbuscht oder mit niedrigen Gräsern bedeckt. Die Tiere sind einzelgängerisch und nachtaktiv. Den Tag verbringen sie in ovalen Nestern im trockenen Gras, zwischen Tussockgräsern, Sträuchern oder unter umgefallenen Baumstämmen. Die Nester haben nur eine Öffnung. Ein Individuum kann in seinem Territorium bis zu 12 Nester haben. Die Territorien der Männchen sind 47 bis 85 ha groß, die der Weibchen sind mit 38 bis 63 ha deutlich kleiner. Die Territorien der Tiere überlappen sich.[1]
Die Art ernährt sich vor allem von unterirdisch wachsenden, trüffelartigen Pilzen, die mit den Vorderpfoten ausgegraben werden. Pilze machen über 75 % ihrer Nahrung aus. Außerdem werden Samen, Früchte, Wurzeln, Knospen, Pflanzenexsudate und Wirbellose gefressen. Bei der Nahrungssuche bewegt sich das Tasmanien-Bürstenrattenkänguru relativ schnell und weit. Es legt dann innerhalb von 30 Minuten etwa 500 bis 600 Meter zurück.[1]
Weibchen bekommen pro Geburt ein einzelnes Jungtier und gebären bis zu dreimal im Jahr. Die Trächtigkeitsdauer beträgt 21 bis 22 Tage. Nach der Geburt bleibt das Jungtier für etwa 3,5 Monate im Beutel und wird mit einem Alter von 5 Monaten entwöhnt und mit einem Alter von neun bis zwölf Monaten geschlechtsreif.[1]
Die Art wird von der IUCN als in geringem Maße gefährdet (near threatened) eingeordnet.[2] Das Aussterben der auf dem Festland lebende Nominatform ist vor allem auf den vom Menschen eingeführten Rotfuchs (Vulpes vulpes) zurückzuführen. Auf Tasmanien, wo es keine Füchse gibt, ist die Art nach wie vor recht häufig. In den Jahren 2011 bis 2012 wurden einige Tasmanien-Bürstenrattenkängurus in einem 450 ha großen, umzäunten, fuchsfreiem Territorium nördlich von Canberra frei gelassen.[1]
Das Tasmanien-Bürstenrattenkänguru (Bettongia gaimardi) ist ein Beutelsäuger aus der Familie der Rattenkängurus (Potoroidae), der im östlichen Tasmanien und den nahbei gelegenen Inseln Bruny Island und Maria Island vorkommt. Ein Vorkommen auf dem südostaustralischen Festland ist ausgestorben. Die Population auf Tasmanien wird als Unterart Bettongia gaimardi cuniculus klassifiziert, während die erloschene Festlandpopulation die Nominatform B. gaimardi gaimardi bildet.
The eastern bettong (Bettongia gaimardi), also known as the southern or Tasmanian bettong, is a small, hopping, rat-like mammal native to grassy forests of southeastern Australia and Tasmania. A member of the rat-kangaroo family (Potoroidae), it is active at night and feeds on fungi and plant roots. Like most marsupials, it carries its young in a pouch. The eastern bettong is under pressure by introduced predators and habitat loss. The subspecies on mainland Australia (B. g. gaimardi) is extinct, but populations of the Tasmanian subspecies (B. g. cuniculus) have been reintroduced there.[1][4]
The animal is called balbo by the Ngunnawal, an Aboriginal people who used to keep them as pets.
Two formerly recognised species, Bettongia cuniculus (Tasmanian bettong) and Bettongia gaimardi (eastern bettong), were placed into a single species with two subspecies by Wakefield in 1967:[5][6]
The introduction of the red fox and European rabbit to Australia led to the extinction of the mainland subspecies during the 1920s.[2][6] The Tasmanian subspecies still exists.[2]
In 2012, a small population was reintroduced to the mainland in Canberra.[7] The reintroduction to Mulligans Flat Woodland Sanctuary was successful, and led to further reintroductions using an on-site breeding program out of the nearby Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve and wild eastern bettongs translocated from Tasmania.[8]
This animal's habitat is dry, open eucalypt forests and grassy woodlands at altitudes between sea level and 1,000 meters.
A major component of their diet is truffles and other underground fungi, as well as roots and tubers. Insects and grubs are also eaten. It is unique in that it will travel up to 1.5 km from its nest to a feeding area, a considerable distance for such a small creature.[9]
A nocturnal animal, the bettong sleeps during the day in a domed nest. The nests are made with densely woven grass, leaves and shredded bark in a sheltered site such as a shallow depression in the ground or under a fallen log or clump of vegetation. The animal uses its curved prehensile tail to transport the nesting materials to the nest site.[9] The animal only uses the nest for one or two nights, before it moves on in search of food.
Like other bettongs, the eastern bettong is a continuous breeder, producing young throughout the year.[10] The gestation period is 21 days, after which the infant (referred to as a "joey") remains in the pouch for an additional 105 days.
While the mainland population became extinct in the 1920s,[2][6] the Tasmanian population has remained secure.[2] One concern is that most of the bettongs are found on private land, with only two groups found within reserves. Red foxes are a major threat.[11][12] The International Union for Conservation of Nature has raised the threat status for eastern bettongs from least concern to near threatened.[2]
The eastern bettong (Bettongia gaimardi), also known as the southern or Tasmanian bettong, is a small, hopping, rat-like mammal native to grassy forests of southeastern Australia and Tasmania. A member of the rat-kangaroo family (Potoroidae), it is active at night and feeds on fungi and plant roots. Like most marsupials, it carries its young in a pouch. The eastern bettong is under pressure by introduced predators and habitat loss. The subspecies on mainland Australia (B. g. gaimardi) is extinct, but populations of the Tasmanian subspecies (B. g. cuniculus) have been reintroduced there.
The animal is called balbo by the Ngunnawal, an Aboriginal people who used to keep them as pets.
El canguro rata de Tasmania (Bettongia gaimardi) es similar a canguro rata. Su área de distribución incluye el sudeste de Australia y la parte oriental de la isla de Tasmania.[2][3] Con la introducción del zorro, se extinguió en el contienten australiano aprox. en 1890.
Datos: Q209652
Multimedia:
Especies: Bettongia gaimardi
El canguro rata de Tasmania (Bettongia gaimardi) es similar a canguro rata. Su área de distribución incluye el sudeste de Australia y la parte oriental de la isla de Tasmania. Con la introducción del zorro, se extinguió en el contienten australiano aprox. en 1890.
Bettongia gaimardi Bettongia generoko animalia da. Martsupialen barruko Diprotodontia ordeneko animalia da. Potoroidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Bettongia gaimardi Bettongia generoko animalia da. Martsupialen barruko Diprotodontia ordeneko animalia da. Potoroidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Le bettongie de Tasmanie ou bettong de Tasmanie (Bettongia gaimardi) est un petit marsupial originaire du sud-est du continent australien et de l'est de la Tasmanie[1]. Il a disparu du continent australien dans les années 1890 par suite de l'introduction du renard.
C'est un animal nocturne. Il se nourrit essentiellement de champignons souterrains apparentés aux truffes mais il n'hésite pas aussi à déterrer des racines ou des tubercules. Il mange aussi des insectes et des larves.
Il a la particularité de ne pas hésiter à parcourir 1,5 km depuis son nid jusqu'à sa zone de nourriture ce qui est une distance considérable pour un animal qui ne dépasse pas les 2 kg [2].
Il habite les bois d'eucalyptus entre le niveau de la mer et 1 000 m. Il aménage un nid bien camouflé fait de feuilles et d'herbes qu'il transporte à l'aide de sa queue préhensile[2].
Comme les autres bettongs, la reproduction s'effectue sur toute l'année avec une période de gestation de seulement trois semaines[3].
Alors que la population continentale a disparu et que l'on croyait la population tasmanienne sécurisée, l'introduction du renard (illégale mais volontaire) dans l'île en 2004 risque d'amener à une disparition de l'espèce.
Le bettongie de Tasmanie ou bettong de Tasmanie (Bettongia gaimardi) est un petit marsupial originaire du sud-est du continent australien et de l'est de la Tasmanie. Il a disparu du continent australien dans les années 1890 par suite de l'introduction du renard.
La bettongia orientale (Bettongia gaimardi Desmarest, 1822), nota anche come bettongia meridionale o bettongia della Tasmania, è una bettongia diffusa in passato in Australia sud-orientale e nella parte orientale della Tasmania[1][3]. In seguito all'introduzione della volpe rossa, questa specie è scomparsa dall'Australia continentale già dal 1890.
La bettongia orientale è un animale notturno. Durante il giorno dorme in nidi fatti di erba e foglie. La maggior parte della sua dieta è costituita da funghi sotterranei imparentati con i tartufi, ma si nutre volentieri anche di radici e tuberi. Può tuttavia divorare anche insetti e larve, se ne ha la possibilità. Una caratteristica unica di questa specie è quella di spostarsi fino a distanze di 1,5 km dal nido all'area di foraggiamento, percorsi notevoli per una creatura che raramente supera i 2 kg di peso[4].
Questa bettongia vive nelle aperte boscaglie ad altitudini comprese tra il livello del mare e i 1000 m (la vetta più alta della Tasmania raggiunge i 1617 m). Solitamente nidifica nelle foreste secche di eucalipti e nelle macchie erbose, dormendo di giorno in un nido di erba a forma di cupola ben camuffato ed edificato con fascine raccolte in giro e trasportate con la coda ricurva e prensile[4].
Come le altre bettonge, anche quella orientale è un riproduttore continuo con un periodo di gestazione di sole tre settimane. Si riproduce in ogni periodo dell'anno[5].
Sebbene la popolazione continentale sia ormai estinta già dagli ultimi anni del XIX secolo, la popolazione della Tasmania viene ritenuta al sicuro. Una condizione che potrebbe attentare alla sopravvivenza di questa specie è che quasi tutti gli esemplari vivono su terreni privati e solo due gruppi all'interno di riserve. Tuttavia, il maggior rischio per la bettongia della Tasmania è costituito dall'introduzione sull'isola delle volpi rosse[6]. L'Unione Internazionale per la Conservazione della Natura ha infatti rivalutato lo status di questo animale da «Specie a rischio minimo» a «Specie prossima alla minaccia» proprio in seguito al rischio causato da questi predatori[2].
La bettongia orientale (Bettongia gaimardi Desmarest, 1822), nota anche come bettongia meridionale o bettongia della Tasmania, è una bettongia diffusa in passato in Australia sud-orientale e nella parte orientale della Tasmania. In seguito all'introduzione della volpe rossa, questa specie è scomparsa dall'Australia continentale già dal 1890.
De Tasmaanse borstelstaartkangoeroerat (Bettongia gaimardi) is een kangoeroerat uit het geslacht der borstelstaartkangoeroeratten (Bettongia).
De bovenkant van het lichaam is bruingrijs, de onderkant wit. De staart is oranjegrijs. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 315 tot 330 mm, de staartlengte 290 tot 345 mm, de oorlengte 29 tot 40 mm en het gewicht 1000 tot 2300 g.
Deze solitaire soort is 's nachts actief, leeft op de grond en eet voornamelijk ondergrondse schimmels, maar ook wel onder andere zaden en geleedpotigen. Het dier bouwt een nest van gras op een beschutte plaats.
Vrouwtjes kunnen per jaar twee of drie jongen krijgen, die het hele jaar door geboren kunnen worden.
Deze soort komt voor in open bos op Tasmanië. Op het Australische vasteland, van Zuidoost-Queensland tot Zuidoost-Zuid-Australië, waar de soort vroeger ook voorkwam, is hij nu uitgestorven.
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesDe Tasmaanse borstelstaartkangoeroerat (Bettongia gaimardi) is een kangoeroerat uit het geslacht der borstelstaartkangoeroeratten (Bettongia).
Bettongia gaimardi, também conhecido como Bettongia da Tasmânia e Bettongia do Sul, é uma espécie de marsupial da família Potoroidae, endêmico do sudeste da Austrália e oeste da Tasmânia.
Uma subespécie, Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi, foi extinta em 1910.
Bettongia gaimardi, também conhecido como Bettongia da Tasmânia e Bettongia do Sul, é uma espécie de marsupial da família Potoroidae, endêmico do sudeste da Austrália e oeste da Tasmânia.
Uma subespécie, Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi, foi extinta em 1910.
Tasmansk opossumråtta (Bettongia gaimardi[2][3][4][5]) är en pungdjursart som först beskrevs av Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest 1822. Bettongia gaimardi ingår i släktet opossumråttor och familjen råttkänguruer.[6][7] Inga underarter finns listade.[6]
Arten når en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av 31,5 till 33,2 cm, en svanslängd av 28,8 till 34,5 cm och en vikt av 1,2 till 2,3 kg. Den liknar en liten känguru i utseende med stora bakre extremiteter för att hoppa och med korta armar. Tasmansk opossumråtta har bra förmåga att gräva med sina väl utvecklade klor vid framtassarna. På ovansidan förekommer gråbrun päls med prickig utseende och på undersidan finns ljusgrå till vit päls. De yttersta delarna av armar och ben, nosen och svansen (förutom spetsen) är bara glest täckta med hår. Svansen kan i viss mån användas som gripverktyg. Den har en tofs av mörka hår vid slutet och tofsens spets är hos flera exemplar vit. Djurets öron är nakna och avrundade. Honor är allmänt lite kortare och robustare än hannar. Så länge ungarna lever i moderns pung (marsupium) har de mörkare päls.[8]
Denna opossumråtta förekommer på östra delen av ön Tasmanien söder om Australien. Den vistas i låglandet och på upp till 1 000 meter höga bergstrakter. Habitatet utgörs av skogar och andra områden som är täckta av gräs och träd.[1]
En underart (eller population, beroende på taxonomi) av tasmansk opossumråtta förekom ursprungligen på det australiska fastlandet från södra Queensland till South Australia men den är utdöd. Ytterligare en population lever på Bruny Island söder om Tasmanien. Arten introducerades dessutom 1971 på Maria Island öster om Tasmanien.[1]
Tasmansk opossumråtta livnär sig främst av underjordiska svampar som den gräver fram. Den äter även blad, frön, frukter och rötter som kompletteras med några ryggradslösa djur. Vätskebehovet täcks antagligen till största del med födan, liksom hos andra opossumråttor. Individerna är nattaktiva och de lever för det mesta ensam. Ibland syns mindre grupper under födosöket.[8]
För vilotiden under dagen bygger arten ett kupolformigt näste av gräs som göms mellan buskar, bakom grenar eller trädstammar som ligger på marken eller i en sänka. För att transportera gräset till rätt plats används vanligen svansen. Efter en eller två dagar vandrar individen vidare och bygger ett nytt näste.[8]
Honor kan para sig kort efter ungens födelse igen och det befruktade ägget vilar så länge syskonet lever i moderns pung. Dräktigheten varar 20 till 22 dagar och sedan kravlar ungen till pungen och diar sin mor. Den lever där cirka 13 veckor. Ungen kan besöka pungen under de följande två veckorna men den vistas under tiden främst utanför. Unga tasmanska opossumråttor kan få di ytterligare 6 till 9 veckor genom att stoppa huvudet i moderns pung. På så sätt kan en hona ha tre ungar per år och åtta ungar under hela livet.[8]
Livslängden går upp till 6 år.[8]
Populationen på fastlandet dödades av rödrävar och tamkatter som kom ditt tillsammans med europeiska invandrare. På Tasmanien introducerades inga rödrävar eller deras antal var så litet att de inte överlevde. På ön jagas tasmansk opossumråtta fortfarande av tamkatter och av tasmansk djävul. Pungdjuret kan lokalt negativ påverkas av skogsavverkningar. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som nära hotad. Den viktigaste åtgärden för framtiden är att inga rödrävar införs på Tasmanien.[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Tasmansk opossumråtta.
Wikispecies har information om Bettongia gaimardi.
Hona
Tasmansk opossumråtta (Bettongia gaimardi) är en pungdjursart som först beskrevs av Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest 1822. Bettongia gaimardi ingår i släktet opossumråttor och familjen råttkänguruer. Inga underarter finns listade.
Bettong đông' (danh pháp hai phần: Bettongia gaimardi), còn được gọi là bettong phía Nam và bettong Tasmania, là một bettong có phạm vi tự nhiên bao gồm phía đông nam Australia và một phần phía đông của Tasmania[2][3].
Có hai phân loài Bettongia cuniculus (bettong Tasmania) và Bettongia gaimardi (bettong đông) đã được đặt vào một loài duy nhất với hai phân loài của Wakefield năm 1967[4][5]. Hai phân loài được công nhận là:
Sau khi du nhập cáo đỏ và thỏ châu Âu vào Australia, phân loài đại lục đã bị tuyệt chủng khoảng những năm 1920[1][5] Phân loài Tasmania vẫn tồn tại.[1] Năm 2012, một quần thể nhỏ được đưa đến Canberra.[6]
.JPG)
Phương tiện liên quan tới Bettongia gaimardi tại Wikimedia Commons
.png){kind=small}
Bài viết liên quan đến động vật có vú này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Bettong đông' (danh pháp hai phần: Bettongia gaimardi), còn được gọi là bettong phía Nam và bettong Tasmania, là một bettong có phạm vi tự nhiên bao gồm phía đông nam Australia và một phần phía đông của Tasmania.
Короткомордый кенгуру[1], или тасманийский крысиный кенгуру[2] (лат. Bettongia gaimardi) — вид сумчатых млекопитающих из семейства кенгуровых. Видовое название дано в честь французского натуралиста Жозефа-Поля Гемара (1796—1858)[3].
Длина тела 26—46 см. Длина хвоста 26—31 см. Вес в среднем 1,5 кг. Своим обликом и строением напоминают широкомордых крысиных кенгуру. Носовое зеркало красноватого цвета. Уши укороченные и округлые.
Короткомордый кенгуру, или тасманийский крысиный кенгуру (лат. Bettongia gaimardi) — вид сумчатых млекопитающих из семейства кенгуровых. Видовое название дано в честь французского натуралиста Жозефа-Поля Гемара (1796—1858).
Bettongia gaimardi cuniculus
†Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi
盖氏袋鼠（学名：Bettongia gaimardi）为鼠袋鼠科的一种，分布于澳大利亚。有两个亚种被记录，其中 Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi 曾经广泛分布于澳大利亚大陆东南部地区，约20世纪20年代左右绝迹；B. g. cuniculus 现分布于塔斯马尼亚岛东部的林地或草地。[2]
盖氏袋鼠（学名：Bettongia gaimardi）为鼠袋鼠科的一种，分布于澳大利亚。有两个亚种被记录，其中 Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi 曾经广泛分布于澳大利亚大陆东南部地区，约20世纪20年代左右绝迹；B. g. cuniculus 现分布于塔斯马尼亚岛东部的林地或草地。
동부베통(Bettongia gaimardi)는 쥐캥거루과에 속하는 포유류의 일종으로 오스트레일리아 남동부와 태즈메이니아 동부 지역을 포함한 자연 서식지에 분포한다.[1][3] 남방베퉁(southern bettong) 또는 태즈메이니아베퉁(Tasmanian bettong)로도 알려져 있다.
이전에 알려진 2종의 아종은 태즈메이니아베퉁(Bettongia cuniculus)과 동부베통(Bettongia gaimardi)으로 1967년 웨이크필드(Wakefield)가 기술했다.[4][5]
오스트레일리아에 도입된 붉은여우와 굴토끼때문에 1920년대 동안에 대륙동부베통은 멸종했다.[2][5] 태즈메이니아베퉁은 아직 존재한다.[2] 2012년 기준으로, 작은 개체군이 대륙 캔버라에 재도입되어 있으며, 잘 나타나고 있다.[6]
동부베통(Bettongia gaimardi)는 쥐캥거루과에 속하는 포유류의 일종으로 오스트레일리아 남동부와 태즈메이니아 동부 지역을 포함한 자연 서식지에 분포한다. 남방베퉁(southern bettong) 또는 태즈메이니아베퉁(Tasmanian bettong)로도 알려져 있다.
.JPG)
