Cryptotympana atrata (Fabricius 1775)

紅脈熊蟬（学名：Cryptotympana atrata），舊名「脈赤熊蟬」，中国大陆地区习惯称为“黑蚱蝉”。为蟬科熊蟬屬下的一个种，分布於中國大陸、印度北方、日本、韓國、臺灣西部平地之苦楝、構樹、柳樹、樟樹及菩提樹等，每年6至9月出沒，公蟬體長約37～40毫米（1.5～1.6英寸），母蟬約在36～39毫米（1.4～1.5英寸）。另外，正在吸食植物枝葉時，每次排泄量約0.2毫公升（0.0070英制液態盎司；0.0068美制液態盎司），每分鐘排泄次數約3至6次。

Body (Fig. 2A, B) dark brown, curved in lateral view, with sparse setae mainly on venter. Head (Fig. 2B). Somewhat triangular in dorsal view; crown including white compound eyes about four times wider than long and about the same width as anterior margin of pronotum. Antenna brown, filiform. Postclypeus prominently swollen, covered with dense brown pile. Rostrum reaching to posterior coxae. Thorax (Fig. 2A, B). Pronotum broad, paramedian and lateral fissures distinct, pronotal collar undeveloped, posterior margin distinctively concave medially in dorsal view. Mesonotum slightly wider than pronotum, with two small scutal depressions on disc. Metanotum very small. Fore wing bud developed, reaching to middle of 3rd abdominal segment laterally; hind wing bud slightly developed. Leg (Figs 5A, B, 6A, D). Generally dark brown. Fore femur with femoral formula 2-1-7: posterior tooth long and sharp, accessory tooth robust and sharp, intermediate tooth with projection in one of its sides; femoral comb usually with seven teeth, the first tooth about as large as the second tooth. Fore tibia arched, flattened laterally; apical tooth long; point of blade of tibia large and long, tooth-like, separated from apical tooth of blade by a strong incision. Apex of tibia with five spines in both mid and hind legs. Pretarsi of all legs well developed into a pair of claws of unequal sizes. Abdomen (Fig. 4A–C). Size varying depends on the development of the nymph. In female, 8th and 9th sternites with two sharp posterior marginal protrusions. In male, 9th sternite almost entirely concealed by 10th sternite, four protrutions present on surface: a large triangular protrusion near lateral margins, respectively, and a pair of very small rounded protrusions on posterior margin; 10th sternite smooth.