Peromyscus guardia Townsend 1912

Peromyscus guardia és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels cricètids. És endèmic de l'Isla Ángel de la Guarda (Mèxic), però en el passat també vivia a tres altres illes properes. El seu hàbitat natural són els matollars desèrtics. Està amenaçat per la competència amb espècies introduïdes de rosegadors i la depredació per gats domèstics o ferals.^[1] El seu nom específic, guardia, significa 'de Guarda' en llatí.^[2]

Referències

The Angel Island mouse (Peromyscus guardia), or La Guarda deermouse, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.^[2]

Distribution

It is endemic to Mexico, where it is historically known only from the island of Ángel de la Guarda and nearby islets in the northwestern Gulf of California, Baja California.

The species is believed to be extirpated from the three smaller islands, and may be extinct on Ángel de la Guarda, as well. The species is threatened by predation by feral cats, and by competition from introduced rodents.

Description

The Angel Island mouse has pale grey-brown fur with white underparts and feet, and large, hairless ears. It is most readily distinguished from closely related species on the mainland by subtle characteristics of the skull, or through genetic or biochemical analysis. Adults range from 19 to 22 cm (7.5 to 8.7 in) in total length, including tails 9 to 12 cm (3.5 to 4.7 in) long. Females have four abdominal teats.^[3]

Distribution and habitat

The Angel Island mouse is endemic to Ángel de la Guarda Island, a mountainous 359 sq mi (930 km²) island off the east coast of Baja California Sur, and to three much smaller islands in the same group. Within the islands, the species appears to be confined to sandy beaches, and perhaps to rockier areas nearby, and has not been found in the high mountainous terrain that forms most of their land area.^[3]

Three subspecies are formally recognised, although two of these are now extinct:

• P. g. guardia - Ángel de la Guarda, Estanque
• † P. g. harbisoni - Isla Granito
• † P. g. mejiae - Mejia

Biology

The Angel Island mouse is believed to be descended from an isolated population of cactus mice,^[4] possibly belonging to the P. e. fraterculus species or subspecies^[5] The critically endangered San Lorenzo mouse, which inhabits a smaller group of islands to the south, may be descended from the same stock, isolated when the islands separated from the mainland as sea levels rose at the end of the last ice age.^[6] The two species remain able to interbreed, although it is not known whether the resulting hybrids are fertile.^[3] Little is known of the behaviour or detailed biology of the species, although it is believed to breed in the spring.^[3]

Conservation status

As recently as the 1960s, the Angel Island mouse was reported to be abundant on at least three of the four islands it was known to inhabit.^[7] However, no specimens have been found on the islands since 1991, despite a number of surveys. The main risks to the species come from feral cats, and from introduced house mice and black rats, which compete with the endemic species for resources.^[1][3] The subspecies resident on the two northern islets are now listed as extinct,^[8] while the entire population on the southern islet of Estanque was probably driven to extinction by a single cat, present on the island only between 1998 and 1999.^[9]

The house mouse now occupies the habitat and the trophic niche that the Angel Island mouse occupied when it was abundant. This replacement of species in a habitat enhances the biotic homogenization of species.^[10] The species is currently listed as critically endangered by the IUCN, but since no living specimens have been seen for 20 years, as of 2011, it may well be entirely extinct. If the species still survives, it is likely restricted to an area of no more than 10 km² (3.9 sq mi).^[1]

References

Peromyscus guardia es una especie de roedor de la familia Cricetidae.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra sólo en México.

Referencias

• Baillie, J. 1996. Peromyscus guardia. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

• Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894-1531 in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.

Peromyscus guardia Peromyscus generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Neotominae azpifamilia eta Cricetidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

• Peromyscus guardiari buruzko informazioa Mammals of The World datubasean

Ikus, gainera

• Peromyscus
• Cricetidae

Peromyscus guardia is een zoogdier uit de familie van de Cricetidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Townsend in 1912.

Peromyscus guardia^[2][3] är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Townsend 1912. Peromyscus guardia ingår i släktet hjortråttor, och familjen hamsterartade gnagare.^[4][5] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som akut hotad.^[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.^[4]

Denna gnagare hittades på Isla Ángel de la Guarda (Mexiko) samt på mindre öar som likaså ligger i Californiaviken. Landskapet på öarna kännetecknas främst av öken med några buskar. Peromyscus guardia var under 1960-talet vanlig förekommande men fram till 1990-talet var den nästan utrotad.^[1]

Källor

1. ^ [a b c] 2008 Peromyscus guardia Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., Peromyscus guardia
3. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
4. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (24 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/peromyscus+guardia/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
5. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26

Externa länkar

• Wikispecies har information om Peromyscus guardia.
  Artförteckning

Peromyscus guardia là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cricetidae, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Townsend mô tả năm 1912.^[2]

Chú thích

Tham khảo

• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Peromyscus guardia tại Wikispecies

Bài viết liên quan đến họ gặm nhấm Cricetidae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.

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엔젤섬쥐(Peromyscus guardia)는 비단털쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다.^[2] 멕시코의 토착종으로 역사적으로 앙헬데라과르다 섬과 바하칼리포르니아주 칼리포르니아 만 북서부의 인근 섬에서만 알려져 있다. 3개의 작은 섬에서는 멸종된 것으로 간주되고 있으며, 앙헬데라과르다 섬에서도 멸종된 것으로 추정하고 있다. 야생 고양이의 포식과 도입종 설치류와의 경쟁 때문에 멸종 위협을 받고 있다.

특징

엔젤섬쥐는 연한 회색-갈색 털을 갖고 있으며, 하체와 발은 희고 귀는 크고 털이 없다. 두개골의 미묘한 특성이나 유전적 또는 생화학적 분석을 통해 본토의 근연종과 가장 쉽게 구분된다. 다 자라면 꼬리 길이 9~12cm를 포함하여 전체 몸길이는 19~22cm이다. 암컷은 가슴에 4개의 젖꼭지를 갖고 있다.^[3]

분포 및 서식지

엔젤섬쥐는 바하칼리포르니아수르주 동부 해안에 있는 930km2의 산악 지대로 이루어진 앙헬데라과르다 섬과 같은 지역의 작은 3개 섬의 토착종이다. 이들 섬에서 엔젤섬쥐는 모래 해변과 근처의 바위 지역에 제한적으로 분포하는 것으로 보이며 육지의 대부분을 차지하는 산악 지형에서는 발견되지 않는다.^[3]

아종

3종의 아종이 공식적으로 알려져 있으며, 이중 2종은 현재 멸종되었다.

• P. g. guardia - 앙헬데라과르다 섬
• † P. g. harbisoni - 그라니토 섬
• † P. g. mejiae - 메히아

각주