dcsimg

Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por Flora of Zimbabwe
Perennial herb with annual stems growing from an underground rhizome.
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cc-by-nc
direitos autorais
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
citação bibliográfica
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Canna sp. (cf. flaccida) Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=164110
autor
Mark Hyde
autor
Bart Wursten
autor
Petra Ballings
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Flora of Zimbabwe

Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por Flora of Zimbabwe
Description as for the family.
licença
cc-by-nc
direitos autorais
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
citação bibliográfica
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Canna Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=399
autor
Mark Hyde
autor
Bart Wursten
autor
Petra Ballings
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Flora of Zimbabwe

Frequency ( Inglês )

fornecido por Flora of Zimbabwe
Local (mostly seen in and around Harare)
licença
cc-by-nc
direitos autorais
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
citação bibliográfica
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Canna sp. (cf. flaccida) Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=164110
autor
Mark Hyde
autor
Bart Wursten
autor
Petra Ballings
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
Flora of Zimbabwe

Blomriet ( Africâner )

fornecido por wikipedia AF

Die naam kanna kan vir enige plant wat tot die genus Canna (blomrietfamilie Cannaceae) behoort, gebruik word. Die genus, wat ongeveer 50 spesies insluit, is inheems in die tropiese dele van Amerika. As sierplante het dit so gewild geword dat dit feitlik oor die hele wêreld versprei het, veral die spesie Canna indica.

 src=
'n Kleurvolle voorbeeld van hierdie blomspesie.

In Suid-Afrika word die benaming kanna ook gebruik vir plante wat tot ander genera behoort, byvoorbeeld vir verskeie Sceletium-spesies (familie Aizoaceae), veral die Sceletium anatomicum (kannawortel), Sceletium expansum en Sceletium tortuosum. In die Vrystaat word die benaming kanna ook gebruik om sekere vygiespesies soos die Aridaria luteo-alba aan te dui. Die kanna is 'n meerjarige kruidgewas met 'n knolagtige wortelstelsel.

Die enkelvoudige stamme is glad en word ongeveer 1,6 m hoog. Die groot groen of rooi blare het duidelike veernerwige are. Die tweeslagtige blom bestaan uit drie vergroeide kroonblare en drie kelkblare. Die asimmetriese blomme kan rooi, geel, oranje of gespikkeld wees, terwyl vier van die kroonblaaragtige meeldrade onvrugbaar is. Daar is net een vrugbare meeldraad, wat ook 'n vrugbare helmhok het. Een van die onvrugbare meeldrade vorm die lip.

Kannas vermeerder baie vinnig en behoort elke jaar verdeel te word. Dit moet gewoonlik teen die einde van die winter geskied. Die ondergrondse deel van die stam word deurgesny en een of twee lote moet gelaat word. Die plant verkies baie son en genoeg water en blom in die somer tot in die herfs. Die plante vertoon pragtig wanneer hulle genoeg kompos en mis en baie water kry. Spesies wat gewilde sierplante geword het, is die Canna indica, Canna warscewiczii en Canna iridiffora.

Verwysings

  1. (en) Elspeth Haston, James E. Richardson, Peter F. Stevens, Mark W. Chase, David J. Harris. The Linear Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (LAPG) III: a linear sequence of the families in APG III Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Vol. 161, No. 2. (2009), pp. 128-131. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01000.x Key: citeulike:6006207 pdf: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01000.x/pdf

Bron

Eksterne skakels

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cc-by-sa-3.0
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Wikipedia skrywers en redakteurs
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia AF

Blomriet: Brief Summary ( Africâner )

fornecido por wikipedia AF

Die naam kanna kan vir enige plant wat tot die genus Canna (blomrietfamilie Cannaceae) behoort, gebruik word. Die genus, wat ongeveer 50 spesies insluit, is inheems in die tropiese dele van Amerika. As sierplante het dit so gewild geword dat dit feitlik oor die hele wêreld versprei het, veral die spesie Canna indica.

 src= 'n Kleurvolle voorbeeld van hierdie blomspesie.

In Suid-Afrika word die benaming kanna ook gebruik vir plante wat tot ander genera behoort, byvoorbeeld vir verskeie Sceletium-spesies (familie Aizoaceae), veral die Sceletium anatomicum (kannawortel), Sceletium expansum en Sceletium tortuosum. In die Vrystaat word die benaming kanna ook gebruik om sekere vygiespesies soos die Aridaria luteo-alba aan te dui. Die kanna is 'n meerjarige kruidgewas met 'n knolagtige wortelstelsel.

Die enkelvoudige stamme is glad en word ongeveer 1,6 m hoog. Die groot groen of rooi blare het duidelike veernerwige are. Die tweeslagtige blom bestaan uit drie vergroeide kroonblare en drie kelkblare. Die asimmetriese blomme kan rooi, geel, oranje of gespikkeld wees, terwyl vier van die kroonblaaragtige meeldrade onvrugbaar is. Daar is net een vrugbare meeldraad, wat ook 'n vrugbare helmhok het. Een van die onvrugbare meeldrade vorm die lip.

Kannas vermeerder baie vinnig en behoort elke jaar verdeel te word. Dit moet gewoonlik teen die einde van die winter geskied. Die ondergrondse deel van die stam word deurgesny en een of twee lote moet gelaat word. Die plant verkies baie son en genoeg water en blom in die somer tot in die herfs. Die plante vertoon pragtig wanneer hulle genoeg kompos en mis en baie water kry. Spesies wat gewilde sierplante geword het, is die Canna indica, Canna warscewiczii en Canna iridiffora.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia skrywers en redakteurs
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia AF

Canna ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA
 src= Per a altres significats, vegeu «Canna (desambiguació)».

Canna és un gènere d'una desena d'espècies de plantes tropicals i subtropicals natives d'Amèrica, l'únic en la família monotípica de les cannàcies. Les plantes de Canna són herbes perennes, de fulles amples i planes, que assoleixen els tres metres d'alçada. Les flors són típicament vermelles o grogues, i atreuen colibrins per a la seva pol·linització.

Diferents espècies del gènere Canna es conreen per a l'alimentació humana a Mèxic i a les Antilles i en els Andes des de Colòmbia fins a l'Argentina. També a Hawaii, Austràlia, el Vietnam, la Xina i Indonèsia. Es destaca Canna edulis com la més coneguda i estesa entre aquestes espècies. Algunes són conreades amb finalitats ornamentals, especialment a França, Espanya, Anglaterra, Hongria i altres llocs d'Europa i al Brasil.

Espècies

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Canna Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata

Viccionari

licença
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direitos autorais
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
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wikipedia CA

Canna: Brief Summary ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

Canna és un gènere d'una desena d'espècies de plantes tropicals i subtropicals natives d'Amèrica, l'únic en la família monotípica de les cannàcies. Les plantes de Canna són herbes perennes, de fulles amples i planes, que assoleixen els tres metres d'alçada. Les flors són típicament vermelles o grogues, i atreuen colibrins per a la seva pol·linització.

Diferents espècies del gènere Canna es conreen per a l'alimentació humana a Mèxic i a les Antilles i en els Andes des de Colòmbia fins a l'Argentina. També a Hawaii, Austràlia, el Vietnam, la Xina i Indonèsia. Es destaca Canna edulis com la més coneguda i estesa entre aquestes espècies. Algunes són conreades amb finalitats ornamentals, especialment a França, Espanya, Anglaterra, Hongria i altres llocs d'Europa i al Brasil.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia CA

Dosna ( Checo )

fornecido por wikipedia CZ

Dosna je rod rostlin náležící do čeledi dosnovité (Cannaceae). Čeleď dosnovité[1] zahrnuje jediný rod dosna.[2][3]

Botanika

 src=
dosna 'Auguste Ferrier'

Jsou to vytrvalé celkem robustní byliny s oddenky. Listy jsou velké, vesměs řapíkaté, jednoduché, s listovými pochvami. Čepele jsou čárkovité, kopinaté až obkopinaté, celokrajné, žilnatina je zpeřená (zpeřeně souběžná). Jsou to jednodomé rostliny s oboupohlavnými květy. Květy jsou uspořádané do květenství, dvoukvětých vijanů, které tvoří hrozenlatu (kytku). Květy jsou podepřeny listeny a listénci a jsou výrazně asymetrické. Okvětních lístků je šest, jsou nestejné s náznakem dělení na kalich a korunu (3 kališní lístky a 3 korunní). Vnitřní tři korunní lístky jsou často nestejné, jeden je kratší než další dva, dole jsou srostlé v trubku. Fertilní tyčinka je jen jedna, nese jen půl prašníku a napodobuje okvětní lístek. Další tyčinky, nejčastěji tři (řidčeji jiný počet), jsou přeměněny ve staminodia a také jsou petaloidní (napodobují korunní lístek). Gyneceum se skládá ze tří plodolistů, čnělka je také mírně petaloidní, semeník je spodní. Plodem je tobolka, na povrchu bradavčitá[4].

Rozšíření

Je známo 10–20 druhů, které jsou přirozeně rozšířeny v tropických a subtropických oblastech Severní Ameriky a Jižní Ameriky. Na severu zasahují po jih USA (jih Jižní Karolíny), na západě a jihu do Texasu) a na jihu po severní Argentinu. Různé kultivary se pěstují ve většině zemí, a to i na území za severním polárním kruhem. Nejznámější je asi dosna indická (Canna indica), jako okrasná pěstovaná i v ČR.

Pěstování

Oddenky dosny jsou bohaté na škrob, proto se některé druhy využívají jako zemědělská plodina.

Přestože je dosna tropická rostlina, většina kultivarů byla vyšlechtěna pro mírné klima a snadno se pěstují v mnoha zemích světa, pokud mohou mít 6–8 hodin slunečního záření denně a pokud jsou oddenky chráněny před mrazem. Rostliny mají výrazné atraktivní olistění vyšlechtěné např. do panašovaných zelených listů, do červených nebo bronzově hnědých odstínů. Květy mohou být stejnobarevné, vícebarevné či žíhané – žluté, růžové, oranžové a červené. V našich podmínkách je vhodné dosnu předpěstovat, aby nekvetla až v pozdním létě. Sází se hlouběji, než rostla květináči, aby se nevyvrátila. Na zimu se hlízy i s balem ukládají v suchu a chladu, příp. se očištěné ukládají do rašeliny.[5]

Vědecký název Canna pochází z keltštiny a slovo znamená třtinu nebo rákos.[6][7]

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Canna na anglické Wikipedii.

  1. http://www.biolib.cz/cz/gallery/dir1692/
  2. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/apweb/
  3. BioLib.cz – Canna (dosna) [online]. BioLib.cz [cit. 2018-02-23]. Dostupné online.
  4. http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/cannacea.htm
  5. http://abecedazahrady.dama.cz/clanek/navod-jak-se-pestuje-exoticka-kana
  6. Johnson to Gardner slovník, 1856
  7. Chaté, E. (1867 ). Le Canna, syn histore, sa kultury. Libraire Centrale d'agriculture et de Jardinage

Literatura

  • FANG, Yang, Wang PingHua, Xie ShiQing, Zhang WeiGuang, Fang DeHua. Technique of scarifying and fermenting process of Canna starch.. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences. Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, China.: 2004, roč. 17, čís. 2, s. 231–234.
  • Grootjen, C. J. and F. Bouman. 1988. Seed structure in Cannaceae: Taxonomic and ecological implications. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) n. s. 61: 363—371.
  • Kress, W. J. 1990. The phylogeny and classification of the Zingiberales. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 698—721.
  • Kress, W. J. and D. E. Stone. 1982. Nature of the sporoderm in monocotyledons, with special reference to the pollen grains of Canna and Heliconia. Grana 21: 129—148.
  • Lerman, J. C. and E. M. Cigliano. 1971. New carbon-14 evidence for six hundred years old Canna compacta seed. Nature 232: 568—570.
  • Maas, P. J. M. 1985. 195. Cannaceae. In: A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn, ed. 1985+. Flora of the Guianas. Series A: Phanerogams. 1212+ volsfasc. Königstein. VolFasc. 1, pp. xx—xx69—73 .
  • Maas, P. J. M. and H. Maas. 1988. 223. Cannaceae. In: G. Harling et al., eds. 1973+. Flora of Ecuador. 5660+ volsnos. Göteborg. VolNo. 32, pp. 1–9.
  • Moore, Thomas. 1892. The Gardener's Assistant. Blackie & Son Ltd.
  • Robinson W., The English Flower Garden, John Murray, Albermarle St, London, England. 1883.
  • Rogers, G. K. 1984. The Zingiberales (Cannaceae, Marantaceae, and Zingiberaceae) in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 65: 5—55.
  • Segeren, W & Maas, PJM - The genus Canna in northern South America (1971), Acta Botanica Neerlandica. 20(6): 663-680.
  • Woodson, R. E. Jr. and R. W. Schery. 1945. Cannaceae. In: R. E. Woodson Jr. et al., eds. 1943—1981. Flora of Panama. 41 fasc. St. Louis. [Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 32: 74—80.]
  • Yeo, P. F. 1993. Secondary pollen presentation: Form, function and evolution. Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 6: 204—208.

Externí odkazy

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Dosna: Brief Summary ( Checo )

fornecido por wikipedia CZ

Dosna je rod rostlin náležící do čeledi dosnovité (Cannaceae). Čeleď dosnovité zahrnuje jediný rod dosna.

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Wikipedia autoři a editory
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Blumenrohr ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Blumenrohr (Canna) ist die einzige Gattung der Pflanzenfamilie der Blumenrohrgewächse (Cannaceae), die zur Ordnung der Ingwerartigen (Zingiberales) innerhalb der Einkeimblättrigen Pflanzen (Monokotyledonen) gehört. Die etwa 10 (bis 20) Arten besitzen eine rein neotropische Verbreitung. Einige Arten sind weltweit in den Tropen verwildert. Es sind viele Sorten entstanden, die als Zierpflanzen für Parks und Gärten verwendet werden.

Beschreibung und Ökologie

 src=
Illustration der Wildform: Indisches Blumenrohr (Canna indica)
 src=
Indisches Blumenrohr (Canna indica): Habitus, Kapselfrüchte und Samen.
 src=
Unreife und reife Canna-Früchte mit ihren weich-stacheligen Oberflächen. In der offenen Frucht sind die kugeligen, schwarzen Samen zu sehen

Habitus und Laubblätter

Canna-Arten sind ausdauernde krautige Pflanzen mit Rhizomen als Überdauerungsorganen. Sie erreichen, je nach Art, Wuchshöhen von 0,50 und 5 Metern. Sie bilden einen aufrechten, unverzweigten Stängel oder die einander überlappenden Blattscheiden bilden einen „Scheinstamm“. Die wechselständig und schraubig oder zweizeilig angeordneten, sehr großen, einfachen Laubblätter sind gegliedert in Blattscheiden, kurze Blattstiele und Blattspreiten. In der Knospenlage sind sie eingerollt: convolute Vernation. Die parallel verlaufenden Blattadern entspringen der Mittelrippe (nicht typisch für Einkeimblättrige).

Blütenstände und Blüten

Die auffälligen, endständigen, traubigen oder ährigen Gesamtblütenstände (Infloreszenzen) enthalten viele Blüten oder sind oft aus ein- bis zweiblütigen, monochasialen, zymösen Teilblütenständen zusammengesetzt, mit meist unscheinbaren, kleinen, grünen Hochblättern (Brakteen).[1]

Die zwittrigen, meist großen Blüten sind dreizählig und überraschend asymmetrisch. Die Blütenhüllblätter sind verschieden gestaltet. Die drei freien Kelchblätter sind meist grün und etwas ungleich. Die drei Kronblätter sind meist auffällig gefärbt. Sie sind mit dem halbfertilen Staubblatt und den Staminodien „am Grunde zu einer gedrehten Röhre verwachsen“.[2] Es sind zwei Kreise mit je ursprünglich drei Staubblättern vorhanden, aber pro Blüte gibt es nur ein nur einseitig fertiles Staubblatt: einen kronblattähnlichen Staubfaden mit einem halben Staubbeutel. Die anderen sind zu kronblattähnlichen Staminodien umgebildet; eines der inneren Staminodien ist zurückgebogen und bildet ein Labellum. Bei einigen Arten fehlt ein Staminodium. Die Kronblätter und Staminodien sind meist gelb bis rot.

Die drei Fruchtblätter sind zu einem unterständigen (synkarpen) Fruchtknoten verwachsen, der eine weich-stachelige Oberfläche besitzt und viele zentralwinkelständige Samenanlagen enthält. Der Griffel ist kronblattähnlich abgeflacht. Der Pollen wird auf der abaxialen (achsfernen) Fläche des Griffels deponiert. Der Bestäubungsmechanismus ist sehr spezialisiert; die Bestäubung erfolgt durch Insekten (Entomophilie). Die Bestäuber-Insekten nehmen den Pollen vom kronblattartig abgeflachten Griffel aus auf.[3]

Früchte und Samen

Die dreikammerigen Kapselfrüchte besitzen eine weichstachelig-warzige Oberfläche und enthalten 5 bis 25 (selten bis zu 75) Samen. Die hartschaligen, kugeligen Samen mit hartem Endosperm sind mittel- bis dunkelbraun und haben einen Durchmesser von etwa 4 bis 10 mm.

Die Samen bewahren sehr lange ihre Keimfähigkeit. Das wird damit erklärt, dass sie einer Sklereide entsprechend aufgebaut sind und eine äußere Schicht malpighischer Zellen mit einem hydrophoben und einem hydrophilen Anteil tragen. Der hydrophobe Teil ist hauptsächlich für die Abdichtung des Saatguts verantwortlich und enthält Kieselsäuren, Callose und Lignin als wasserabweisende Substanzen. Wasser kann erst nach einer bestimmten temperaturbedingten Öffnung eines Imbibitions-Deckels in das Saatgut gelangen. Während der Imbibition schwillt der hydrophile Teil der malpighischen Zellen an und die Samenhülle reißt aufgrund von Druckunterschieden im oberen und unteren Teil der malpighischen Zellen.[4] Es gibt Berichte, dass die Samen etwa 600 Jahre keimfähig bleiben.[5] Der Embryo ist gerade.

Chromosomensätze und Inhaltsstoffe

Die Chromosomengrundzahl beträgt x = 9. An Inhaltsstoffen sind zu nennen: Proanthocyanidine, Cyanidin, Flavonoide (Kaempferol und Quercetin).

 src=
Canna indica, Syn.: Canna indica var. warszewiczii (A.Dietr.) Nob.Tanaka
 src=
Habitus, Laubblätter und Blütenstände von Canna flaccida
 src=
Ausschnitt des Blütenstandes von Canna paniculata
 src=
Habitus, Laubblätter und Blütenstand von Canna tuerckheimii
 src=
Canna ×generalis
 src=
Die Sorte 'Golden Gate'

Systematik und Verbreitung

Die Gattung Canna wurde oft in die Familie der Marantaceae eingeordnet und sind mit dieser auch am nächsten verwandt innerhalb der Ordnung der Ingwerartigen (Zingiberales). Heute bildet sie eine eigene Familie Cannaceae. Die Familie Cannaceae wurde 1789 durch Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in Genera Plantarum, S. 62 unter dem Namen „Cannae“ aufgestellt.[6]

Die Erstveröffentlichung der Gattung Canna erfolgte bereits 1753 durch Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum, 1, S. 1. Als Lectotypus wurde Canna indica L. durch Nathaniel Lord Britton in Flora of Bermuda, 1918, S. 86 festgelegt. Synonyme für Canna L. sind Achirida Horan., Cannacorus Medik. ex Mill., Katubala Adans., Xiphostylis Raf., Distemon Bouché, Eurystylus Bouché.[7] Der Gattungsname Canna ist vom lateinischen Wort canna für Rohr abgeleitet.

Das weite natürliche Verbreitungsgebiet der Gattung Canna sind die subtropischen bis tropischen Gebiete der Neuen Welt (Neotropis). Canna-Arten gedeihen in Höhenlagen vom Meeresniveau bis zu Berghängen unterhalb 3000 Metern.

Neuere Bearbeitungen der Gattung Canna reduzieren die Anzahl der Arten von ursprünglich etwa 100 auf unter 50 und Paulus Johannes Maria Maas 1985;[8] P. J. M. Maas & H. Maas 1988[9] reduzierten die Zahl auf 10 Arten; die Artenzahl war wieder auf 20 angestiegen, besonders nach der Revision von Nobuyuki Tanaka[10] und Neubeschreibungen, aber durch de Kamer & P. J. M. Maas 2008 ist sie wieder gesunken, weil einige dieser neubeschriebene Arten doch nur Synonyme sind.

Hier eine Liste der akzeptierten Arten (Stand 2018):[11][12]

  • Canna bangii Kraenzl.: Sie ist in Peru und Bolivien verbreitet.
  • Canna flaccida Salisb. (Syn.: Canna glauca var. flaccida (Salisb.) Willd., Canna glauca var. flava (Michx. ex Lam.) Willd., Canna flava Michx. ex Lam. nom. subnud., Canna flaccida Roscoe nom. illeg., Canna reevesii Lindl.): Sie hat eine weite Verbreitung von den südöstlichen USA über Zentralamerika bis zu den Karibischen Inseln.
  • Canna glauca L. (Syn.: Canna angustifolia L., Canna lancifolia Schrank, Canna pedicellata C.Presl, Canna lanceolata Lodd. ex Loudon nom. nud., Canna liturata Link ex A.Dietr., Canna mexicana A.Dietr., Canna stricta Bouché, Canna stolonifera D.Dietr., Canna fintelmannii Bouché, Canna longifolia Bouché, Canna schlechtendaliana Bouché, Canna annaei André, Canna annaei nana André, Canna rubrolutea (Hook.) Chaté, Canna siamensis Kraenzl., Canna hassleriana Kraenzl., Canna jacobiniflora T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka, Canna stenantha Nob.Tanaka, Canna rufa (Sims) Chaté, Canna glauca var. rufa Sims, Canna glauca var. rubrolutea Hook., Canna glauca var. annaei (André) Regel, Canna glauca var. angusta J.W.Richardson, Canna glauca var. siamensis (Kraenzl.) Nob.Tanaka): Sie hat eine weite Verbreitung in der gesamten Neotropis, ihr nördlichstes Vorkommen befindet sich in North Carolina.
  • Indisches Blumenrohr, Achira oder Essbare Canna (Canna indica L., Syn.: Canna coccinea Mill., Canna lutea Mill., Canna juncea Retz., Canna patens (Aiton) Roscoe, Canna chinensis Willd. nom. superfl., Canna rubra Willd. nom. superfl., Canna variegata Besser, Canna textoria Noronha nom. nud., Canna ellipticifolia var. coccinea (Mill.) Stokes, Canna ellipticifolia var. lutea (Mill.) Stokes, Canna ellipticifolia var. patens (Aiton) Stokes, Canna ellipticifolia var. rubra Stokes, Canna speciosa Hegetschw. nom. superfl., Canna thyrsiflora Hegetschw. nom. superfl., Canna bifida Roem. & Schult., Canna crocea Roem. & Schult., Canna lambertii Lindl. ex Ker Gawl., Canna aureovittata G.Lodd., Canna rubricaulis Link, Canna speciosa Roscoe ex Sims nom. illeg., Canna platyphylla Nees & Mart., Canna compacta Roscoe, Canna edulis Ker Gawl., Canna occidentalis Ker Gawl., Canna pallida Roscoe, Canna aurantiaca Roscoe, Canna carnea Roscoe, Canna orientalis Roscoe nom. superfl., Canna brasiliensis Roscoe ex Spreng., Canna lanuginosa Roscoe, Canna limbata Roscoe nom. superfl., Canna montana Blume, Canna maxima Lodd. ex Roscoe nom. inval., Canna pruinosa Hoffmanns., Canna discolor Lindl., Canna flavescens Link, Canna maculata (Hook.) Link, Canna achiras Gillies ex D.Don, Canna esculenta Loudon nom. inval., Canna lagunensis Lindl., Canna tenuiflora Bouché ex A.Dietr., Canna barbadica Bouché nom. nud., Canna commutata Bouché, Canna ehrenbergii Bouché, Canna heliconiifolia Bouché, Canna humilis Bouché, Canna leptochila Bouché, Canna nepalensis Bouché, Canna orientalis Bouché nom. illeg., Canna polymorpha Bouché, Canna roscoeana Bouché nom. superfl., Canna sanguinea Bouché pro syn., Canna sellowii Bouché, Canna sulphurea Bouché pro syn., Canna xalapensis Bouché, Canna altensteinii Bouché, Canna poeppigii Bouché, Canna portoricensis Bouché, Canna pentaphylla D.Dietr. orth. var., Canna pulchra Hassk., Canna cinnabarina Bouché, Canna concinna Bouché, Canna densifolia Bouché, Canna exigua Bouché, Canna floribunda Bouché, Canna formosa Bouché, Canna fulgida Bouché, Canna laeta Bouché, Canna moritziana Bouché, Canna recurvata Bouché, Canna spectabilis Bouché, Canna surinamensis Bouché, Canna variegata Bouché nom. illeg., Canna ventricosa Bouché, Canna sanguinea Warsz. ex Otto & A.Dietr., Canna saturate-rubra Bouché ex K.Koch, Canna tinei Tod. nom. subnud., Canna bidentata Bertol., Canna eximia Bouché ex Horan., Canna macrophylla Horan., Canna pulchra Bouché ex Horan., Canna rotundifolia André, Canna schubertii Horan., Canna polyclada Wawra, Canna atronigricans André, Canna aurantiaca splendida Année ex André, Canna expansa Année ex André, Canna houlletii André, Canna lavallei André, Canna liervalii André, Canna limbata var. hybrida Année ex André, Canna musifolia-edulis André, Canna musifolia-hybrida Année ex André, Canna peruviana Année ex André, Canna porteana André, Canna robusta Année ex André, Canna van-houttei Lierv. ex André, Canna zebrina Année ex André, Canna zebrina nana André, Canna caledonis-peltata Chaté, Canna gaboniensis Chaté, Canna musifolia Année ex Chaté, Canna peruviana-purpurea Année ex Chaté, Canna peruviana-robusta Année ex Chaté, Canna peruviana-spectabilis Année ex Chaté, Canna texensis Regel, Canna musifolia sanguinea Hend. & Andr.Hend., Canna purpurea-spectabilis Rob., Canna denudata var. grandis Petersen, Canna patens var. limbata (Regel) Baker, Canna cearensis Huber, Canna coccinea var. bicolor Kraenzl., Canna coccinea var. concolor Regel, Canna coccinea var. floribunda (Bouché) Regel, Canna coccinea var. limbata Regel, Canna sanctae-rosae Kraenzl., Canna seleriana Kraenzl., Canna lutea Larrañaga nom. illeg., Canna variegatifolia Ciciar., Canna amabilis T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka, Canna plurituberosa T.Koyama & Nob.Tanaka, Canna warszewiczii A.Dietr. nom. superfl., Canna warszewiczii var. flameus Ram.Goyena, Canna indica var. maculata Hook., Canna indica var. saturaterubra Regel, Canna indica var. edwardsii Regel, Canna indica var. karsteniana Regel, Canna indica var. variegata Regel, Canna indica subsp. orientalis Baker, Canna indica var. limbata (Regel) Petersen, Canna indica var. flava (Roscoe) Baker, Canna indica var. nepalensis (Bouché) Baker, Canna indica var. orientalis Baker nom. superfl., Canna indica var. speciosa Baker nom. superfl., Canna indica var. sanctae-rosae (Kraenzl.) Nob.Tanaka, Canna indica var. coccinea (Mill.) Aiton, Canna indica var. lutea (Mill.) Aiton, Canna indica var. patens Aiton, Canna indica var. rubra Aiton, Canna indica var. warszewiczii Nob.Tanaka, Makinoa, Canna indica var. warszewiczii Nob.Tanaka, Canna ascendens Ciciar., Canna fuchsina Ciciar.): Die ursprüngliche Verbreitung reicht von Mexiko bis Zentralamerika. Sie wird als Zier- und Nahrungspflanze weltweit angepflanzt und ist in vielen frostfreien Gebieten der Welt verwildert. Beachte die in vieler Literatur als Canna edulis Ker Gawl. geführte Art ist nur noch ein Synonym von Canna indica L., siehe N. Tanaka 2001;[10]. Es gibt keine Varietäten mehr.
  • Irisblütiges Blumenrohr (Canna iridiflora Ruiz & Pav.): Sie kommt in Peru vor.
  • Canna jaegeriana Urban (Syn: Canna leucocarpa Bouché, Canna domingensis Urb., Canna pertusa Urb.): Das Verbreitungsgebiet reicht von den karibischen Inseln Hispaniola bis Puerto Rico bis ins nördliche Südamerika.
  • Canna liliiflora Warsc. ex Planch. (Syn.: Canna brittonii Rusby): Sie ist von Bolivien bis ins südöstlichen Peru verbreitet.
  • Canna lineata Ciciar.: Die 2014 erstbeschriebene Art kommt im nordöstlichen Argentinien vor.[12]
  • Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav. (Syn.: Canna excelsa G.Lodd., Canna denudata Roscoe, Canna linkii Bouché, Canna miniata Bouché, Canna jacquinii Bouché, Canna neglecta Steud., Canna tubiflora Regel nom. nud., Canna kunzei (Bouché) Kraenzl., Canna meridensis Kraenzl., Canna ottonis (Bouché) Kraenzl., Canna amambayensis Kraenzl., Canna confusa J.W.Richardson & L.B.Sm., Canna paniculata var. glabra Regel): Sie ist vom südlichen Mexiko bis ins tropische Südamerika verbreitet.
  • Canna pedunculata Sims (Syn.: Canna buekii Weinm., Canna reflexa Nees ex D.Dietr.): Sie ist im südöstlichen und südlichen Brasilien verbreitet.
  • Canna tandilensis Ciciar.: Die 2015 erstbeschriebene Art kommt in Argentinien vor.[12]
  • Canna tuerckheimii Kraenzl. (Syn.: Canna latifolia Mill. nom. rej., Canna gigantea Desf. ex Redouté, Canna iridiflora Willd. nom. illeg., Canna neglecta Weinm. nom. rej., Canna gemella Nees & Mart., Canna sylvestris Roscoe nom. rej., Canna coccinea var. sylvestris (Roscoe) Regel, Canna violacea Bouché, Canna curviflora Horan., Canna anahuacensis Kraenzl., Canna tulianensis Nob.Tanaka): Sie hat eine weite Verbreitung von Mexiko bis Ecuador und Bolivien.

In Kultur entstanden Hybriden (Canna ×generalis L.H.Bailey & E.Z. Bailey, Syn.: Canna ×orchiodes L.H.Bailey) aus mehreren Arten.

Nutzung

Herkunft

Die als Zier- und Nahrungspflanze wichtigste Art heißt Indisches Blumenrohr (Canna indica). Der Name kommt durch den Irrtum des Entdeckers von „West-Indien“ (Westindische Inseln) zustande.

Nahrung

Vor allem das Indische Blumenrohr, auch Achira oder Essbare Canna wird zur Produktion von Nahrungsmitteln in den Anden (Peru und Ecuador) und in Asien (Vietnam und südliches China) angebaut. Canna-Rhizome sind essbar und reich an Stärke. Die Rhizome können sehr faserreich sein und müssen stundenlang gekocht werden, damit sie weich genug sind für ein Essen. Ihr Geschmack ähnelt dem von Süßkartoffeln. In Asien wird die Stärke zur Produktion von Glasnudeln verwendet. Es wird ein alkoholisches Getränk hergestellt.[13][14][15]

Zierpflanze

Die Gattung wurde bereits um 1570 in Europa als Zierpflanze eingeführt. Seit etwa 200 Jahren wird intensiv gekreuzt und so entstanden bis heute etwa 1000 eingetragene Sorten.

Canna-Hybriden können als Kübelpflanzen oder ausgepflanzt kultiviert werden. Die Canna-Longwood-Hybriden werden als Sumpfpflanzen in Teichanlagen gepflegt.

Die Rhizome werden kühl (frostfrei) und dunkel überwintert. Nach den letzten Frösten werden sie ins Freie gepflanzt. Vorgetriebene Pflanzen, die ab Januar warm und hell stehen und gegossen werden, blühen schon früh und lange. Wenn man die Rhizome erst nach den letzten Frösten einpflanzt, blühen die Pflanzen auch erst spät im Sommer. Der Standort sollte sehr hell sein. Sie vertragen volle Sonne, sollten dann aber auch regelmäßig gegossen werden.

 src=
Die Canna indica Hybride 'Aphrodite'

Sorten

Es gibt einige Zwergsorten der Canna indica, die nur Wuchshöhen von etwa 50 Zentimetern erreichen und sich für eine Topfkultur in Räumen eignen. Hier eine Auswahl solcher Zwergsorten:

  • 'Alberich’ (lachsrot)
  • 'Luzifer' (Blüten rot mit zartem gelbem Rand)
  • 'Perkeo' (kirschrot)
  • 'Puck' (gelb)

Hier eine Auswahl hochwüchsiger Sorten:

  • 'Black Knight': mit weinroten Blättern und dunkelroten Blüten
  • 'Miss Oklahoma': mit grünen Blättern und großen rosafarbenen Blüten
  • 'President': mit grünen Blättern und roten Blüten
  • 'Richard Wallace': mit grünen Blättern und gelben Blüten
  • 'Tropicanna': mit gestreiften Blättern und orangen Blüten
  • 'Wyoming': mit dunklen, rötlichen Blättern und leuchtend orangen Blüten

Sonstige Nutzung

Die schwarzen Samen werden als Perlen zur Herstellung von Ketten, besonders für Rosenkränze, und in Rasseln verwendet. Medizinische Anwendungen im Human- und Veterinärbereich wurden untersucht.[16]

Quellen

  • Die Familie der Cannaceae bei der APWebsite. (Abschnitte Systematik und Beschreibung)
  • Die Familie der Cannaceae bei DELTA von L.Watson und M.J.Dallwitz. (Abschnitt Beschreibung)
  • H. Maas-van de Kamer, Paulus Johannes Maria Maas: The Cannaceae of the world. In: Blumea, Volume 53, 2008, S. 247–318.
  • Paulus Johannes Maria Maas, H. Maas: Cannaceae. In: G. Harling et al.: Flora of Ecuador, Göteborg. Volume 32, 1988, S. 1–9.
  • Paulus Johannes Maria Maas: Cannaceae. In: A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn: Flora of the Guianas. Series A: Phanerogams., Königstein, 1985, S. 69–73.
  • Nobuyuki Tanaka: Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. In: Makinoa; Serie 2, 1, 2001, S. 34–43.
  • Delin Wu, W. John Kress: Cannaceae., S. 378 – textgleich online wie gedrucktes Werk, Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Hrsg.): Flora of China. Volume 24: Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae, Science Press und Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing und St. Louis 2000. ISBN 0-915279-83-5 (Abschnitt Beschreibung)
  • W. John Kress, Linda M. Prince: Cannaceae. in der Flora of North America, Volume 22: – textgleich online wie gedrucktes Werk, Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 22: Magnoliophyta: Alismatidae, Arecidae, Commelinidae (in part), and Zingiberidae, Oxford University Press, New York und Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0-19-513729-9 (Abschnitt Beschreibung)
  • Shahina A. Ghazanfar: Cannaceae bei Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Ian Cooke: The Gardener’s Guide to Growing Cannas, English Timber Press (OR) (Oktober 2001), ISBN 0-88192-513-6

Einzelnachweise

  1. Delin Wu, W. John Kress: Cannaceae., S. 378 – textgleich online wie gedrucktes Werk, Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Hrsg.): Flora of China. Volume 24: Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae, Science Press und Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing und St. Louis 2000. ISBN 0-915279-83-5
  2. A. Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, 12., neugestaltete Auflage, herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Hans Melchior, Verlag Gebr. Bornträger, Berlin-Nikolassee 1964, S. 611
  3. P. F. Yeo: Secondary pollen presentation: Form, function and evolution. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, Suppl. 6, 1993, S. 204–208.
  4. Peter Graven, Chris G. de Koster, Jaap J. Boon, Ferry Bouman: Functional aspects of mature seed coat of the Cannaceae. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, Band 205, Nr. 3, 1997, S. 223–240 (PDF).
  5. P. R. M. Souza Filho, H. H. Tozzi, M. Takaki: Temperature effect on seed germination in Canna indica L.(Cannaceae). In: Seed Science and Technology, Band 39, Nr. 1, 2011, S. 243–247.
  6. Cannaceae bei Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis Abgerufen am 7. November 2014.
  7. Canna bei Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis Abgerufen am 7. November 2014.
  8. P. J. M. Maas: Cannaceae, In: A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (Hrsg.): Flora of the Guianas, Series A: Phanerogams, Königstein, 1985, S. 69–73.
  9. P. J. M.Maas, H. Maas: Cannaceae. In: G. Harling et al.: Flora of Ecuador, Göteborg, 1988, S. 1–9.
  10. a b N. Tanaka: Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia., in Makinoa, 1, 2001, S. 1–74.
  11. Cannaceae im Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  12. a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Hrsg.): Canna. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) – The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, abgerufen am 11. August 2018.
  13. Canna edulis, Canna glauca und Canna indica Eintrag bei Plants for A Future. (englisch).
  14. Nobuyuki Tanaka: The utilization of edible Canna plants in southeastern Asia and southern China. In: Economic Botany, Volume 58, Issue 1, 2004, S. 112–114.
  15. Nobuyuki Tanaka, Naoyoshi Inouch & Tetsuo Koyama: Edible Canna and its Starch: An Under-Exploited Starch-Producing Plant Resource. In: Foods Food Ingredients J. Jpn., Volume 211, Issue 4, 2006.
  16. W. John Kress & Linda M. Prince: Cannaceae in der Flora of North America, Volume 22: Online.

Weblinks

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Blumenrohr: Brief Summary ( Alemão )

fornecido por wikipedia DE

Blumenrohr (Canna) ist die einzige Gattung der Pflanzenfamilie der Blumenrohrgewächse (Cannaceae), die zur Ordnung der Ingwerartigen (Zingiberales) innerhalb der Einkeimblättrigen Pflanzen (Monokotyledonen) gehört. Die etwa 10 (bis 20) Arten besitzen eine rein neotropische Verbreitung. Einige Arten sind weltweit in den Tropen verwildert. Es sind viele Sorten entstanden, die als Zierpflanzen für Parks und Gärten verwendet werden.

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Famîleya gulkîsikan ( Curdo )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src=
Fêkiya Canna, kîsikê dendikan

Famîleya gulkîsikan, famîleya bitûrikan, (Canna) tekane celebê famîleya riwekan Cannaceae, Canna ye û navê xwe jî daye famîleyê. 10 heya 20 cureyên vê celebê hene. Pirraniya kulîlkên Canna, bo park û baxçeyan an xemla malê tên çandin. Li hin welatan kokên wê dixwin, tehma wê dişibe kartolan.

Cinsên wê

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Famîleya gulkîsikan: Brief Summary ( Curdo )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= Fêkiya Canna, kîsikê dendikan

Famîleya gulkîsikan, famîleya bitûrikan, (Canna) tekane celebê famîleya riwekan Cannaceae, Canna ye û navê xwe jî daye famîleyê. 10 heya 20 cureyên vê celebê hene. Pirraniya kulîlkên Canna, bo park û baxçeyan an xemla malê tên çandin. Li hin welatan kokên wê dixwin, tehma wê dişibe kartolan.

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wikipedia emerging languages

Ganyol leuweung ( Sudanês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src=
Kembang ganyol leuweung

Ganyol leuweung (Basa Indonésia: bunga tasbih), nyaéta tutuwuhan nu boga ngaran latin Canna indica. Kembang ganyol leuweung ieu asalna ti daérah trofis benua Amerika.

Wangenan

Kembang ganyol anu ngabogaan rupa éndah ieu biasana hirup di daérah leuweung, jeung jaman kiwari mah geus loba anu maké keur pakarangan atawa taman kota, kembang ieu ogé dijadikeun keur kembang hias. Aya béjana kembang ieu bisa hirup di dataran rendah anu bisa nepi ka 1.000 m di luhur muka laut jangkungna.

Ganyol leuweung biasa hirup ngarumpul, bisa dipetik loba, ukur dipisahkeun bonggolna bisa dipélak deui keur ngalobaan kembangna. Kembang ieu leuwih téréh ngembang di tempat anu kacaangan ku panon poé jeung di taneh anu lembap aya baseuh cai. Biasana, saméméh dipelakkeun sok dikeeum heula dua poé népika tilu poé, kakara dipindahkeun ka tempat anu rék dipelakkeunna. Di Indonesia, biasana dipelak keur di jéro cai.

Ganyol leuweung atawa disebut kembang Kana ngabogaan daun anu gedé jeung urat daun nyirip. Warnana bisa héjo atawa bereum. Kembangna gedé, warna na warna cerah, bisa bereum, bereum ngora, jeung konéng nu susunanna ngabentuk nyarupaan tandan.

Kembang ieu geus dikenal teu ukur di Tatar Sunda, tapi daérah sején gé geus mikawanoh ka ieu kembang ku rupa-rupa sesebutan. Orang Sumatera biasa nyebut kembang ieu ku ngaran Hosbé ( Bahasa Batak ). Orang Jawa leuwih kenal ku sebutan pospa nidra, puspa nyidra, puspa midra, ganyong wana, kembang gedang, ganyong alam, sigi-sigi, jeung sebek. Jeung di masarakat Jakarta mah biasa nyebut Bunga Sabéh. Di Sunda ogé aya sababaraha hiji sesebutan di antaranna, kembang tasbéh, sebéh, sébé, ganyong, jeung ganyol leuweung.

Teu ngan saukur di Indonesia, kembang ganyol leuweung ieu geus kakoncara népi ka mancanagara. Salah sahiji na di Australia, di mana kembang ieu dikenal bisa ngahasilkeun tepung, sabab kembang ieu ngabogaan anu ngaranna rimpang anu mangrupa umbi anu amis. Salain éta, kembang kana ieu ngandung sanyawa anu disebut sanyawa sulfur jeung tannin. Salah sahiji ahli herbalis ti Jakarta nyeubutkeun yén rimpang éta téh ngandungan hasiat nu leuwih ti daun sirih keur proses ngaleungitkeun keputihan.

Klasifikasi

Tutuwuhan anu kaasup kana Famili canacéae ieukagolongkeun kana tutuwuhan umbi-umbian. Umbi tina ganyol leuweung ieu disebut rizhome. Tapi kaayaan tutuwuhan ieu geus jarang di panggihan sabab kitu kudu aya budidaya anu bisa leuwih ngembangkeun kalestarian ieu tutuwuhan. Klasifikasi ganyol leuweung nyaéta :

 src=
Kembang ganyol leuweung
  • Kingdom : Plantae (tutuwuhan)
  • Subkingdom : Trachéobionta (ngabogaan pembuluh)
  • Super Divisi :Spermatophyta (tutuwuhan anu kaasup ngabogaan siki)
  • Divisi : Magnoliophyta (ngabogaan kembang)
  • Kelas : Liliopsida (tutuwuhan monokotil
  • Sub Kelas : Commelinidae
  • Ordo : Zingiberales
  • Famili : Cannacéae (Kana-kanaan)
  • Genus : Canna (Kana)
  • Spesies : Canna indica L. (kembang tasbéh / ganyol leuweung)

Budidaya

Kembang ganyol leuweung geus kaitung kembang anu kakoncara népi ka mancanagra. Namung, jaman kiwari kembang ieu jarang dipanggihan, ku kituna keur ngalastarikeun tutuwuhan ieu kudu diayakeun nu ngaranna budidaya. di mana budidaya ieu mangrupa pangolahan anu bisa dilakukeun pikeun leuwih ngembangkeun utamana tina jumlah tutuwuhan anu rék di budidaya. Budidaya ganyol leuweung di antarana ku cara melak ganyol leuweung éta, léngkah-léngkah na nyaéta :

  1. Tangtukeun tempat jeung titimangsa melak
  2. Siapkeun taneh anu rek dijadikeun lahan melak. Taneh anu dimaksud kudu ngadung lembap jeung draisena hadé sangkan ganyol leuweung bisa ngembang alus
  3. Usahakeun lahan anu dipaké melak kudu anu kacaangan ku panon poé
  4. Jieun lubang kurang leuwih 5 cm
  5. Pelak bibit ganyol leuweung ka lubang éta
  6. Siram ku cai ( nyiram na rutin, nepi ka kaluar pucuk héjo
  7. Bungkus umbi ku material anu lembut
  8. Pelak umbi keur musim semi

Hasiat

Ganyol leuweung ieu ngabogaan anu disebut rimpang. Rimpang ieu téh ngandung 6 substansi phenol, 2 terpene, jeung 4 coumarin. Salain éta ngandung ogé pati, glucose, lemak alkaloid jeung getah. Kembang kana rasana amis, tiis, sangkan kembang ieu ngabogaan hasiat bisa digunakeun keur nurunkeun panas, nurunkeun tekanan darah, jeung dijadikeun keur penenang. Aya sababaraha hasiat anu bisa ku urang gunakeun pikeun kahirupan sapopo’e, di antaranna :

  1. Nurunkeun panas jeung hipertensi,
  2. Ngaeureunkeun pendarahan,
  3. Ngobatan kanker kandungan,
  4. Ngobatan jerawat,
  5. Ngobatan kelenjar limfa,
  6. Ngobatan panyakit konéng,
  7. Ngobatan ambien atawa wasir,
  8. Ngobatan panyakit Acute icteric hepatitis,
  9. Ngobatan bagian awak anu cidera.

Rujukan

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Ganyol leuweung: Brief Summary ( Sudanês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= Kembang ganyol leuweung

Ganyol leuweung (Basa Indonésia: bunga tasbih), nyaéta tutuwuhan nu boga ngaran latin Canna indica. Kembang ganyol leuweung ieu asalna ti daérah trofis benua Amerika.

licença
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Pangarang sareng éditor Wikipedia
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Kana (biljka) ( Bósnia )

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Kana (lat. Canna) je gomoljasta ukrasna biljka porijeklom iz Srednje Amerike. Listovi su jajasto-kopljasti, dugi, zelenopurpurne boje. Cvjetovi krupni, skupljeni na vrhu stabljike u dugačkoj cvasti, bez mirisa, crveni, narandžasti, ružičasti. Treba je razlikovati od istoimene biljke kane (lat. Lawsonia inermis) koja se, između ostalog, koristi za crtanje po tijelu i pravljenje boje za kosu.

Uzgoj

Kana se razmnožava u proljeće, dijeljenjem gomolja, i to tako da svaki dio gomolja ima po jedan pupoljak "okce", jer svaki taj dio sa pupoljkom daje novu biljku.
Po prestanku proljetnih mrazeva (april-maj), gomolji se sade u dobru plodnu zemlju, kojoj je dodat pijesak. Sade se na dubiti od 20 cm i rastojanju od oko 40 cm.
Kada biljka s jeseni precvjeta, stablo skratiti na 25 cm iznad zemlje i poslije nekoliko dana izvaditi gomolje, ostaviti ih da se nekoliko dana osuše i potom ih smjestiti na suho mjesto, s tim što ih odozgo treba pokriti pijeskom. Čuvati ih do naredne sadnje u prostorijama sa temperaturom 10 do 20 °C. U bašti se sade na sunčanim mjestima. Koristi se za centralne dijelove cvijetnih lijeha i za ivičnjake.

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Kana (biljka): Brief Summary ( Bósnia )

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Kana (lat. Canna) je gomoljasta ukrasna biljka porijeklom iz Srednje Amerike. Listovi su jajasto-kopljasti, dugi, zelenopurpurne boje. Cvjetovi krupni, skupljeni na vrhu stabljike u dugačkoj cvasti, bez mirisa, crveni, narandžasti, ružičasti. Treba je razlikovati od istoimene biljke kane (lat. Lawsonia inermis) koja se, između ostalog, koristi za crtanje po tijelu i pravljenje boje za kosu.

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Shoyigul ( Usbeque )

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Shoyigul (Саппа) — shoyiguldoshlarga mansub koʻp yillik oʻsimliklar turkumi; manzarali oʻsimlik. Osiyo va Amerikaning subtropik mintaqalarida keng tarqalgan. 50 dan ortiq turi maʼlum. 1000 dan ortiq navi chiqarilgan. Oʻzbekistonda bogʻ Sh.ivahind Sh.i koʻproq oʻstiriladi. Boʻyi 0,5—2 m, poyasi tik, yon shoxlari yoʻq. Barglari yirik, yassi yumaloq, uz. 30—35 sm, kengligi 13—15 sm, asosi poyaga oʻralib qin hosil qiladi, rangi yashil, qizgʻishmalla rang . Poyaning har 10—15 sm da bittadan barg oʻsib chiqadi. Gullari qizil, pushti, sariq, oq, gultojbarglari yirik, poya uchida roʻvaksimon toʻpgul hosil qiladi. Iyunsent.da gullab mevalaydi. Mevasi koʻsakcha. Sh. ildiz tuganagini boʻlish yoʻli bilan koʻpaytiriladi. Kech kuzda iddiz tuganagi kavlab olinadi va quritilib, issiqroq joyda saqlanadi. Erta bahorda ekiladi. Tuganagi tarkibida kraxmal bor. Bogʻxiyobonlar, gulzorlarga, hovlilarga ekiladi. Oʻzbekistonda Krouz va Luiza fon Retitor navlari 1997 yildan barcha viloyatlar uchun r-nlashtirilgan.

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Аварькай цеця ( Erzia )

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Аварькай цеця[1] (лат. Canna, руз. Ка́нна) — те лилиянь семиянь келей лопань цеця Канновонь канстонть (Cannaceae).

Лопанзо пек келейть, нилькстэметь нетьксэнтень кеместе педязь. Нетьксенть прясо покш колоз лацо пурнавозь мазый якстере покш цецят. Те тикшесь мазылгавты клумбатьнень, ки молема таркатьнень. Мазылгавтоманть кис козяйкатьне раштавтыть кудосо.

Фотокувт

Лисьм.:

  1. Тикшень валкс Р.Н. Бузакова, - Саранск: Мордовской книжной издательствась, 1996. - 144.с. ISBN 5-7595-0963-2 (руз.), (эрз.)
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Зәйтүн гөле ( Tártaro )

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Зәйтүн гөле (канна, лат. Canna L., 1753[1][2]) — канначалар гаиләлегенә караган күпъеллык үләнчел үсемлек.

Искәрмәләр

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Зәйтүн гөле: Brief Summary ( Tártaro )

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Зәйтүн гөле (канна, лат. Canna L., 1753) — канначалар гаиләлегенә караган күпъеллык үләнчел үсемлек.

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Канна (будос) ( Udmurt )

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Канна (будос): Brief Summary ( Udmurt )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= Канна  src= Канна  src= Канна

Канна ( лат. Canna ) — Cannaceae семьяысь Америкалэн трос арьем сяськаё будос. Дуннеын тодмо ог 19 пӧртэм.

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Канна (быдмас) ( Cômi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src=
Canna sp.
 src=
Canna (Foliage Group) 'Auguste Ferrier'

Канна (лат. Canna) — имбирь чукöрись Канна котырись (Cannaceae) быдмас увтыр. Канна котырӧ 1 увтыр да канна увтырӧ пырöны 10 - 20 вид. Канна пантасьӧ Медшöр да Лунвыв Америкаын.

Увтыррез

References

  1. 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 1,12 1,13 1,14 1,15 1,16 1,17 1,18 1,19 1,20 1,21 1,22 1,23 1,24 Tanaka, N. (2001) Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia.
  2. 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 Johnson's Gardner's Dictionary (1856)
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6 3,7 3,8 3,9 Chaté, E. (1867) Le Canna, son histoire, son culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 Robinson W. (1879) The Subtropical Garden, John Murray, Albermarle St, London, England.
  5. 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution
  6. Proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii
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Канна (быдмас): Brief Summary ( Cômi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= Canna sp.  src= Canna (Foliage Group) 'Auguste Ferrier'

Канна (лат. Canna) — имбирь чукöрись Канна котырись (Cannaceae) быдмас увтыр. Канна котырӧ 1 увтыр да канна увтырӧ пырöны 10 - 20 вид. Канна пантасьӧ Медшöр да Лунвыв Америкаын.

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Канна (быдмӧг) ( Cômi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src=
Canna sp.
 src=
Canna (Foliage Group) 'Auguste Ferrier'

Канна (латин Canna) — имбирь чукрса Канна котырса (Cannaceae) быдмӧг увтыр. Сійӧ быдмӧ Шöрвыв да Лунвыв Америкаын.

Сикасъяс

References

  1. 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 1,12 1,13 1,14 1,15 1,16 1,17 1,18 1,19 1,20 1,21 1,22 1,23 1,24 Tanaka, N. (2001) Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia.
  2. 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 Johnson's Gardner's Dictionary (1856)
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6 3,7 3,8 3,9 Chaté, E. (1867) Le Canna, son histoire, son culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 Robinson W. (1879) The Subtropical Garden, John Murray, Albermarle St, London, England.
  5. 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution
  6. Proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii
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Канна (быдмӧг): Brief Summary ( Cômi )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= Canna sp.  src= Canna (Foliage Group) 'Auguste Ferrier'

Канна (латин Canna) — имбирь чукрса Канна котырса (Cannaceae) быдмӧг увтыр. Сійӧ быдмӧ Шöрвыв да Лунвыв Америкаын.

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बैजंती ( Línguas biaris )

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बैजंती या बैजयंती फूल वाला पौधा सभ के एगो जाति बा जवना में 19 गो प्रजाति शामिल बाड़ी।[2][3][4] ई जाति के पौधन के नजदीकी संबंध जिंजीबेरल्स कुल के पौधा सभ से बाटे जवना में आदी (अदरक), हल्दी, केला इत्यादि के पौधा आवेलें।[5]

जीव बिग्यान में एह जाति के काना (Cana) कहल जाला आ ई कानाकाई (Cannaceae) परिवार के अकेल जाति समूह हवे। एह जाति के पौधा सभ के पत्ता आ फूल सुंदरता खातिर जानल जालें आ एही खातिर लोग इनहन के सजावटी पौधा के रूप में लगावे ला। एकर फूल नारंगी या लाल रंग के टोन में होखे लें आ चमकदार रंगत वाला होलें। गाँव देहात में ई पौधा अक्सर पानी एकट्ठा होखे वाली जगह पर अपने आप पनप के झांग नियर हो जाला। शहरन में एकर सजावटी पौधा के रूप में घर से ले के पार्क आ गार्डेन सभ में ब्यापक इस्तेमाल होला।

सुंदरता के आलावा ई पौधा के खेती होला। कारण की ई स्टार्च (मंड) के बहुत धनी स्रोत बाटे।

भूगोलीय रूप से ई उष्णकटिबंधीय पौधा हवे आ गरम आ नमी वाला इलाका में मिले ला। हालँकि, ई समशीतोष्ण इलाका में भी उगावल जाला जहाँ गर्मी में 6-8 घंटा ले घाम मिल जाय। जाड़ा मे इन्हन के गर्म जगह पर ले जाए के परे ला।

संदर्भ

  1. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x, पहुँचतिथी 18 जनवरी 2016
  2. Nobuyuki Tanaka 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
  3. Cooke, Ian. (2001). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Canna, Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-513-5
  4. The Cannaceae of the World, H. Maas-van der Kamer &Paulus Johannes Maria Maas, BLUMEA 53: 247-318
  5. Triloki Nath Khoshoo & Guha, I. - Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House
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सर्वदा फूल ( Nepalês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src=
रातो सर्वदा फूल

सर्वदा फूलअर्थात सर्वजा अङ्ग्रेजीमा क्याना वा क्याना लिली भनेर चिनिने एक दलीय वनस्पति हो । करिब १९ प्रजातिहरू भएको यो वनस्पति परिवारमा आकर्षक फूल फुल्ने भएकोले बगैंचा तथा घर सजावटका लागि प्रयोग गरिन्छ ।[१][२] [३]

सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू

  1. Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
  2. Cooke, Ian. (2001). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Canna, Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-513-5
  3. The Cannaceae of the World, H. Maas-van der Kamer & P.J.M. Maas, BLUMEA 53: 247-318
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सर्वदा फूल: Brief Summary ( Nepalês )

fornecido por wikipedia emerging languages
 src= रातो सर्वदा फूल

सर्वदा फूलअर्थात सर्वजा अङ्ग्रेजीमा क्याना वा क्याना लिली भनेर चिनिने एक दलीय वनस्पति हो । करिब १९ प्रजातिहरू भएको यो वनस्पति परिवारमा आकर्षक फूल फुल्ने भएकोले बगैंचा तथा घर सजावटका लागि प्रयोग गरिन्छ ।

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மணிவாழை ( Tâmil )

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மணிவாழை அல்லது கல்வாழை எனத் தமிழில் அழைக்கப்படும் (canna lily) கன்னா வாழை இனத்தில் 10 வகையான பூக்கும் தாவரங்கள் உள்ளன.[1] கன்னா, கன்னாசியே தாவரக் குடும்பத்திலுள்ள ஒரே சாதியாகும். மணிவாழைகளுக்கு நெருக்கமான வேறு தாவரங்கள், ஸிங்கிபெரேல்ஸ் வரிசையைச் சேர்ந்த இஞ்சிகள், வாழைகள், மராந்தாக்கள், ஹெலிகோனியாக்கள், ஸ்ட்ரெலிட்சியாக்கள் என்பனவாகும்.

இந்த வகைச் செடிகள் பெரிய கவர்ச்சியான இலைகளைக் கொண்டன. தோட்டக் கலைஞர்கள் பிரகாசமான நிறங்களுடன் கூடிய இவற்றை அலங்காரத் தாவரமாகப் பயன்படுத்துகிறார்கள். அத்துடன் இவை உலகின் முக்கியமான மாப்பொருள் மூலமாகவுள்ள வேளாண்மைப் பயிரும் ஆகும்.

உசாத்துணை

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மணிவாழை: Brief Summary ( Tâmil )

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மணிவாழை அல்லது கல்வாழை எனத் தமிழில் அழைக்கப்படும் (canna lily) கன்னா வாழை இனத்தில் 10 வகையான பூக்கும் தாவரங்கள் உள்ளன. கன்னா, கன்னாசியே தாவரக் குடும்பத்திலுள்ள ஒரே சாதியாகும். மணிவாழைகளுக்கு நெருக்கமான வேறு தாவரங்கள், ஸிங்கிபெரேல்ஸ் வரிசையைச் சேர்ந்த இஞ்சிகள், வாழைகள், மராந்தாக்கள், ஹெலிகோனியாக்கள், ஸ்ட்ரெலிட்சியாக்கள் என்பனவாகும்.

இந்த வகைச் செடிகள் பெரிய கவர்ச்சியான இலைகளைக் கொண்டன. தோட்டக் கலைஞர்கள் பிரகாசமான நிறங்களுடன் கூடிய இவற்றை அலங்காரத் தாவரமாகப் பயன்படுத்துகிறார்கள். அத்துடன் இவை உலகின் முக்கியமான மாப்பொருள் மூலமாகவுள்ள வேளாண்மைப் பயிரும் ஆகும்.

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మెట్ట తామర ( Telugo )

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మెట్ట తామర ఒక అందమైన పువ్వుల మొక్క.

లక్షణాలు

  • నిటారుగా పెరిగే బహువార్షిక గుల్మము.
  • తీవ్రాగ్రంతో దీర్ఘచతురస్రాకారంగా ఉన్న పెద్ద సరళ పత్రాలు.
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Canna (plant) ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Canna or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species.[2][3][4][5] Cannas are not true lilies, but have been assigned by the APG II system of 2003 to the order Zingiberales in the monocot clade Commelinids, together with their closest relatives, the gingers, spiral gingers, bananas, arrowroots, heliconias, and birds of paradise.[6]

The plants have large foliage, so horticulturists have developed selected forms as large-flowered garden plants. Cannas are also used in agriculture as a source of starch for human and animal consumption.[6]

Although plants of the tropics, most cultivars have been developed in temperate climates and are easy to grow in most countries of the world, as long as they receive at least 6–8 hours average sunlight during the summer, and are moved to a warm location for the winter. See the Canna cultivar gallery for photographs of Canna cultivars.

The name Canna originates from the Latin word for a cane or reed.[7]

Description

Canna (foliage group) 'Auguste Ferrier'

The plants are large tropical and subtropical herbaceous perennials with a rhizomatous rootstock. The broad, flat, alternate leaves that are such a feature of these plants, grow out of a stem in a long, narrow roll and then unfurl. The leaves are typically solid green, but some cultivars have glaucose, brownish, maroon, or even variegated leaves.[6]

The flowers are asymmetric and composed of three sepals and three petals that are small, inconspicuous, and hidden under extravagant stamens. What appear to be petals are the highly modified stamens or staminodes. The staminodes number (1–) 3 (–4) (with at least one staminodal member called the labellum, always being present. A specialized staminode, the stamen, bears pollen from a half-anther. A somewhat narrower "petal" is the pistil, which is connected down to a three-chambered ovary.[6]

The flowers are typically red, orange, or yellow, or any combination of those colours, and are aggregated in inflorescences that are spikes or panicles (thyrses). The main pollinators of the flowers are bees, hummingbirds, sunbirds, and bats. The pollination mechanism is conspicuously specialized. Pollen is shed on the style while still in the bud, and in the species and early hybrids, some is also found on the stigma because of the high position of the anther, which means that they are self-pollinating. Later cultivars have a lower anther, and rely on pollinators alighting on the labellum and touching first the terminal stigma, and then the pollen.[6]

The wild species often grow to at least 2–3 m (6.6–9.8 ft) in height, but wide variation in size exists among cultivated plants; numerous cultivars have been selected for smaller stature.[6]

Cannas grow from swollen underground stems, correctly known as rhizomes, which store starch, and this is the main attraction of the plant to agriculture, having the largest starch grains of all plant life.[6]

Canna is the only member of the Liliopsida class (monocot group) in which hibernation of seed is known to occur, due to its hard, impenetrable seed covering.[8][9][10]

Texas Gulf Coast, Red & Yellow
Orange canna lily
Red canna lily

Taxonomy

History

Canna (Crozy Group) 'Alberich', Pfitzer 1949

Canna indica, commonly called achira in Latin America, has been cultivated by Native Americans in tropical America for thousands of years, and was one of the earliest domesticated plants in the Americas. The starchy root is edible.[11]

The first species of Canna introduced to Europe was C. indica, which was imported from the East Indies, though the species originated from the Americas. Charles de l'Ecluse, who first described and sketched C. indica, indicated this origin, and stated that it was given the name indica, not because the plant is from India, in Asia, but because this species was originally transported from America: Quia ex America primum delata sit; and at that time, one described the tropical areas of that part of the globe as the West Indies.[12]

Much later, in 1658, Willem Piso made reference[13] to another species that he documented under the vulgar or common name of 'Albara' and 'Pacivira', which resided, he said, in the "shaded and damp places, between the tropics"; this species is C. angustifolia L. (later reclassified as C. glauca L. by taxonomists).[3]

Without exception, all Canna species that have been introduced into Europe can be traced back to the Americas, and Canna definitely is solely an American genus. If Asia and Africa provided some of the early introductions, they were only varieties resulting from C. indica and C. glauca cultivars that have been grown for a long time in India and Africa, with both species imported from Central and South America.[14] Since cannas have very hard and durable seed coverings,[8][9] seed remains likely would survive in the right conditions and been found by archaeologists in the Old World if Canna had been grown there from antiquity. If the soils of India or Africa had produced some of them, they would have been imported before the 1860s into European gardens.[15]

Phylogeny

Cladogram: Phylogeny of Zingiberales[16] Zingiberales Zingiberineae Zingiberariae

Zingiberaceae

Costaceae

Cannariae

Cannaceae

Marantaceae

Strelitziineae

Lowiaceae

Strelitziaceae

Heliconiaceae

Musaceae

Species

Although most cannas grown these days are cultivars (see below), about 20 known species are of the wild form, and in the last three decades of the 20th century, Canna species have been categorized by two different taxonomists, Paul Maas, from the Netherlands[17] and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan.[3] Both reduced the number of species from the 50-100 accepted previously, assigning most as synonyms.

This reduction in species is also confirmed by work done by Kress and Prince at the Smithsonian Institution, but this only covers a subset of the species range.[18]

Distribution

Canna 'Pink Dancer' in Escambray Mountains, Cuba

The genus is native to tropical and subtropical regions of the New World, from the Southern United States (southern South Carolina west to southern Texas) and south to northern Argentina.[6]

C. indica has become naturalized in many tropical areas around the world, is a difficult plant to remove, and is invasive in some places.[19]

Canna cultivars are grown in most countries, even those with territory above the Arctic Circle, which have short summers, but long days, and the rapid growth rate of cannas makes them a feasible gardening plant, as long as they receive 6–8 hours of sunlight each day during the growing season and are protected from the cold of winter.

Ecology

Pests

Cannas are largely free of pests, but in the US, plants sometimes fall victim to the canna leaf roller moth, and the resultant leaf damage, while not fatal to the plant, can be most distressing to a keen gardener.[4]

Slugs and snails are fond of cannas, and can leave large holes in the leaves, preferring the tender, young, unfurled leaves. Red spider mites can also be a problem for cannas grown indoors or during a very hot, long summer outdoors.[4] Japanese beetles can also ravage the leaves if left uncontrolled.[20]

Disease

Cannas are remarkably free of diseases, compared to many genera. However, they may fall victim to canna rust, a fungal disease resulting in orange spots on the plant's leaves, caused by over-moist soil. They are also susceptible to certain plant viruses, some of which are Canna-specific, which may result in spotted or streaked leaves, in a mild form, but can finally result in stunted growth and twisted and distorted blooms and foliage.[21]

The flowers are sometimes affected by a grey, fuzzy mold called botrytis. Under humid conditions, it is often found growing on the older flowers. Treatment is to simply remove the old flowers, so the mold does not spread to the new flowers.

Cultivation

Canna (miniature group) 'Oberon'

Cannas grow best in full sun with moderate water in well-drained, rich or sandy soil. They grow from perennial rhizomes, but are frequently grown as annuals in temperate zones for an exotic or tropical look in the garden.[4] In arid regions, cannas are often grown in the water garden, with the lower inch of pot submerged. In all areas, high winds tear the leaves, so shelter is advised.

The rhizomes are sensitive to frost and will rot if left unprotected in freezing conditions. In areas with winter temperatures below −10 °C (14 °F) in the winter (< USDA Zone 8b), the rhizomes can be dug up before freezing and stored (above 7 °C or 45 °F) for replanting in the spring. Otherwise, they should be protected by a thick layer of mulch over winter.[4]

Uses

Canna (Italian group) 'Yellow King Humbert'
Detail of the seed pods and seeds: The seeds are used for jewelry and musical instruments.
  • Some species and many cultivars are widely grown in the garden in temperate and subtropical regions. Sometimes, they are also grown as potted plants. A large number of ornamental cultivars have been developed. They can be used in herbaceous borders, tropical plantings, and as a patio or decking plant.
  • Internationally, cannas are one of the most popular garden plants, and a large horticultural industry depends on the plant.
  • The rhizomes of cannas are rich in starch, and have many uses in agriculture. All of the plant material has commercial value, rhizomes for starch (consumption by humans and livestock), stems and foliage for animal fodder, young shoots as a vegetable, and young seeds as an addition to tortillas.
  • The seeds are used as beads in jewelry.[22]
  • The seeds are used as the mobile elements of the kayamb, a musical instrument from Réunion, as well as the hosho, a gourd rattle from Zimbabwe, where the seeds are known as hota seeds.
  • In more remote regions of India, cannas are fermented to produce alcohol.[23]
  • The plant yields a fibre from the stem, which is used as a jute substitute.[24]
  • A fibre obtained from the leaves is used for making paper. The leaves are harvested in late summer after the plant has flowered, they are scraped to remove the outer skin, and are then soaked in water for two hours prior to cooking. The fibres are cooked for 24 hours with lye and then beaten in a blender. They make a light tan to brown paper.[24]
  • A purple dye is obtained from the seed.[24]
  • Smoke from the burning leaves is said to be insecticidal.[24]
  • Cannas are used to extract many undesirable pollutants in a wetland environment as they have a high tolerance to contaminants.[25][26]
  • In Thailand, cannas are a traditional gift for Father's Day.
  • In Vietnam, canna starch is used to make cellophane noodles known as miến dong.
  • Cannas attract hummingbirds, so can be part of a pollinator and wildlife habitat strategy.

Horticultural varieties (cultivars)

Canna 'Golden Gate'
Canna (Crozy group) 'Theresa Blakey'

Cannas became very popular in Victorian times as garden plants, and were grown widely in France, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States.[6][21] Some cultivars from this time, including a sterile hybrid, usually referred to as Canna × ehemannii, are still commercially available.[27] C. × ehemannii is tall and green-leafed with terminal drooping panicles of hot pink iris-like flowers, looking somewhat like a cross between a banana and a fuchsia.[28]

As tender perennials in northern climates, they suffered severe setbacks when two world wars sent the young gardening staff off to war. The genus Canna has recently experienced a renewed interest and revival in popularity.[4] Once, hundreds of cultivars existed, but many are now extinct. In 1910, Árpäd Mühle, from Hungary, published his Canna book, written in German. It contained descriptions of over 500 cultivars.

In recent years, many new cultivars have been created, but the genus suffers severely from having many synonyms for many popular ones. Most of the synonyms were created by old varieties resurfacing without viable names, with the increase in popularity from the 1960s onwards. Research has accumulated over 2,800 Canna cultivar names, but many of these are simply synonyms.[29] See List of Canna hybridists for details of the people and firms that created the current Canna legacy.

In the early 20th century, Professor Liberty Hyde Bailey defined, in detail, two "garden species" (C. × generalis[30] and C. × orchiodes[31]) to categorise the floriferous cannas being grown at that time, namely the Crozy hybrids and the orchid-like hybrids introduced by Carl Ludwig Sprenger in Italy and Luther Burbank in the USA, at about the same time (1894).[6][32] The definition was based on the genotype, rather than the phenotype, of the two cultivar groups.[21] Inevitably over time, those two floriferous groups were interbred, the distinctions became blurred and overlapped, and the Bailey species names became redundant.[4] Pseudo-species names are now deprecated by the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants which, instead, provides Cultivar Groups for categorising cultivars (see groups at List of Canna cultivars).[33]

AGM cultivars

These canna cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:

  • 'Alaska'[34] (cream flushed yellow)
  • 'Annaeei'[35] (large blue-green leaves)
  • C. × ehemannii[36] (deep pink)
  • 'Erebus'[37] (coral pink)
  • 'General Eisenhower'[38] (bronze leaves, orange flowers)
  • 'Louis Cayeux'[39] (salmon pink)
  • 'Musifolia'[40] (large leaves flushed bronze)
  • 'Mystique'[41] (bronze leaves)
  • 'Phasion'[42] (bronze leaves, orange flowers)
  • 'Picasso'[43] (yellow spotted red)
  • 'Russian Red'[44] (bronze leaves)
  • 'Shenandoah'[45] (flesh pink)
  • 'Verdi'[46] (bright orange)
  • 'Whithelm Pride'[47] (bright pink)
  • 'Wyoming'[48] (bright orange)

Agricultural varieties

Canna (Agriculture Group) 'Edulis Dark'

The Canna Agriculture Group contains all of the varieties of Canna grown in agriculture. "Canna achira" is a generic term used in South America to describe the cannas that have been selectively bred for agricultural purposes, normally derived from C. discolor. It is grown especially for its edible rootstock from which starch is obtained, but the leaves and young seeds are also edible, and achira was once a staple food crop in Peru and Ecuador.[6] Trials in Ecuador using a wide range of varieties have shown that achira can yield on average 56 tons of rhizomes and 7.8 tons of extractable starch per hectare. However, the crop needs 9–12 months to mature to full productivity.[49]

Many more traditional kinds exist worldwide; they have all involved human selection, so are classified as agricultural cultivars. Traditionally, Canna edulis Ker Gawl. has been reputed to be the species grown for food in South America, but C. edulis probably is simply a synonym of C. discolor, which is also grown for agricultural purposes throughout Asia.[50][51][52][53][54]

Propagation

Sexual propagation

Canna fruit (green) and ripe seed pods
Canna fruits

Seeds are produced from sexual reproduction, involving the transfer of pollen from the stamen of the pollen parent onto the stigma of the seed parent.[5] In the case of Canna, the same plant can usually play the roles of both pollen and seed parents, technically referred to as a hermaphrodite. However, the cultivars of the Italian group and triploids are almost always seed sterile, and their pollen has a low fertility level. Mutations are almost always totally sterile.[6]

Canna seeds have a very hard seed coat, which contributes to their dormancy. Germination is facilitated by scarification of the seed coat, which can be accomplished by several techniques.[55]

Pollination

The species are capable of self-pollination, but most cultivars require an outside pollinator. All cannas produce nectar, so attract nectar-consuming insects, bats, and hummingbirds, that act as the transfer agent, spreading pollen between stamens and stigmas on the same or different flowers.[6]

Genetic changes

Since genetic recombination has occurred, a cultivar grown from seed will have different characteristics from its parent(s), thus should never be given a parent's name. The wild species have evolved in the absence of other Canna genes and are usually true to type when the parents are of the same species, but a degree of variance still occurs. The species C. indica is an aggregate species, having many different and extreme forms ranging from the giant to miniature, from large foliage to small foliage, both green and dark foliage, and many differently coloured blooms of red, orange, pink, or yellow, and combinations of those colours.[6]

Asexual propagation

In vitro culture of plants in a controlled, sterile environment
Division of plant parts

Outside of a laboratory, the only effective asexual propagation method is rhizome division. This uses material from a single parent, and as no exchange of genetic material occurs, it almost always produces plants that are identical to the parent. After a summer's growth, the horticultural cultivars can be separated into typically four or five separate smaller rhizomes, each with a growing nodal point (growing eye). Without the growing point, which is composed of meristem material, the rhizome will not grow.[6]

Micropropagation

Micropropagation, also known as tissue culture, is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants. Micropropagation uses in vitro division of small pieces in a sterile environment, where they first produce proliferations of tissue, which are then separated into small pieces that are treated differently so that they produce roots and new stem tissue. The steps in the process are regulated by different ratios of plant growth regulators. Many commercial organizations have produced cannas this way, and specifically the "Island Series" of cannas was introduced by means of mass-produced plants using this technique. However, cannas have a reputation for being difficult micropropagation candidates.[4]

Micropropagation techniques can be employed to disinfest plants of a virus. In the growing tip of a plant, cell division is so rapid that the younger cells may not have had time to be infected with the virus. The rapidly growing region of meristem cells producing the shoot tip is cut off and placed in vitro, with a very high probability of being uncontaminated by virus.

Citations

  1. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x
  2. ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
  3. ^ a b c Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Cooke, Ian (2001). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Canna. Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-513-5.
  5. ^ a b The Cannaceae of the World, H. Maas-van der Kamer & P.J.M. Maas, BLUMEA 53: 247-318
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Khoshoo, T.N. & Guha, I. - Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House
  7. ^ "canna, n.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, June 2014. Web. 16 August 2014.
  8. ^ a b Grootjen, C. J. and F. Bouman. 1988. Seed structure in Cannaceae
  9. ^ a b Lerman, J. C. and E. M. Cigliano. 1971. New carbon-14 evidence for six hundred years old Canna compacta seed
  10. ^ Sivori, E.; et al. (September 21, 1968). "Germination of Achira Seed (Canna sp.) Approx. 550 Years Old". Nature. 219 (5160): 1269–1270. doi:10.1038/2191269a0. PMID 5677429. S2CID 400894.
  11. ^ FAO, "Canna edulis Archived 2016-10-05 at the Wayback Machine", accessed 23 Feb 2016.
  12. ^ de l'Ecluse, Charles (1576) Histoire des plantes rare observées en Espagne
  13. ^ Willem Piso (1658), Histoire naturelle du Brésil
  14. ^ Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste. Botanical Encyclelopédie.
  15. ^ Chaté, E. (1867). Le Canna, son histoire, sa culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage
  16. ^ Sass et al 2016.
  17. ^ Paul Maas 1985. 195. Cannaceae. & Maas, P. J. M. and H. Maas. 1988. 223. Cannaceae.
  18. ^ "Species boundaries in Canna (Cannaceae): evidence from nuclear ITS DNA sequence data". Archived from the original on 2007-03-12. Retrieved 2006-09-19.
  19. ^ "Canna indica (canna lilly)", Invasive Plant Compendium, retrieved 5 March 2014
  20. ^ Plant Pest handbook
  21. ^ a b c Percy-Lancaster, S., An Indian Garden. 1927
  22. ^ "Aloha 'Aina Jewelry". Archived from the original on 2008-05-03. Retrieved 2008-03-03.
  23. ^ "Ganesh Mani Pradhan & Son". Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
  24. ^ a b c d Plants for a Future
  25. ^ Treatment of wastewater by natural systems
  26. ^ "Constructed wetland for on-site septic treatment" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
  27. ^ "Canna Ehemannii". Archived from the original on 2013-08-20. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  28. ^ Grant, Greg (2011). Heirloom Gardening in the South. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press. p. 187.
  29. ^ "Canna Synonyms". Archived from the original on 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
  30. ^ Bailey, L.H. - Canna x generalis. Hortus, 118 (1930); cf. Standley & Steyerm. in Fieldiana, Bot., xxiv. III.204 (1952)
  31. ^ Bailey, L.H. - Canna x orchiodes. Gentes Herb. (Ithaca), 1 (3): 120 (1923)
  32. ^ Comparison of Crozy & Italian Group cultivars
  33. ^ International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, C.D. Brickell (Commission Chairman), B.R. Baum, W.L.A. Hetterscheid, A.C. Leslie, J. McNeill, P. Trehane, F. Vrugtman, J.H. Wiersema (eds.). ISBN 90-6605-527-8
  34. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Alaska'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  35. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Annaeei'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  36. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna × ehemanii". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  37. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Erebus'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  38. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'General Eisenhower'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  39. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Louis Cayeux'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  40. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Musifolia'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  41. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Mystique'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  42. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Phasion'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  43. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Picasso'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  44. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna indica 'Russian Red'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  45. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Shenandoah'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  46. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Verdi'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  47. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Whithelm Pride'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  48. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Canna 'Wyoming'". Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  49. ^ Hermann, Michael (1995–1996). Crop growth and starch productivity of edible canna. International Potato Center. pp. 295–301.
  50. ^ Nobuyuki Tanaka (2004). "The utilization of edible Canna plants in southeastern Asia and southern China". Economic Botany. 58 (1): 112–114. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2004)058[0112:noep]2.0.co;2. JSTOR 4256780. S2CID 198152695.
  51. ^ "On the Genus Canna in Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  52. ^ "Edible Canna and its Starch: An Under-Exploited Starch-Producing Plant Resource" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  53. ^ "Progress in the Development of Economic Botany and Knowledge of Food Plants". Archived from the original on 2007-07-08. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  54. ^ Hermann, Michael; NK Quynh; D. Peters (1999). "Reappraisal of Edible Canna as a High-Value Starch Crop in Vietnam" (PDF). CIP Program Report 1997-98. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  55. ^ "Organic Gardening: How to Propagate Canna by Seed". Archived from the original on 2012-02-13. Retrieved 2012-01-13.

General and cited references

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EN

Canna (plant): Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Canna or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species. Cannas are not true lilies, but have been assigned by the APG II system of 2003 to the order Zingiberales in the monocot clade Commelinids, together with their closest relatives, the gingers, spiral gingers, bananas, arrowroots, heliconias, and birds of paradise.

The plants have large foliage, so horticulturists have developed selected forms as large-flowered garden plants. Cannas are also used in agriculture as a source of starch for human and animal consumption.

Although plants of the tropics, most cultivars have been developed in temperate climates and are easy to grow in most countries of the world, as long as they receive at least 6–8 hours average sunlight during the summer, and are moved to a warm location for the winter. See the Canna cultivar gallery for photographs of Canna cultivars.

The name Canna originates from the Latin word for a cane or reed.

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direitos autorais
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EN

Kannat ( Finlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia FI

Kannat (Canna) on yksisirkkaisiin kuuluva ruohovartisten kukkivien kasvien suku.[1] Kannat ovat kotoisin läntisen pallonpuoliskon trooppisilta ja subtrooppisilta alueilta. Niitä kasvatetaan koristekasveina ja ravinnoksi myös muualla maailmassa.[2]

Kannat on kannakasvien heimon ainoa suku. Se on aikanaan jaettu jopa 58 lajiin, mutta tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet monia näistä synonyymeiksi, ja nykyisin lajeja erotetaan kymmenen. Afrikan ja Aasian kannakannat ovat luontoon levinneitä Amerikasta tuotujen mukuloiden jälkeläisiä.[3]

Etelä-Amerikassa kasvavan kannalajin Canna edulis juurakosta saadaan proteiini- ja tärkkelyspitoista jauhoa, jota käytetään ravinnoksi.[4] Myös intiankannan maavarsia käytetään ravinnoksi.[5]

Kannoista on jalostettu lukuisia isokukkaisia hybridilajikkeita koristekasveiksi.[6]

Kannoja kasvatetaan koristekasveina ruukuissa ja istutuksissa. Niillä on suuret lehdet ja näyttävät punaiset, oranssit, keltaiset tai vaaleanpunaiset kukat. Kasvi talvehtii maavarsiensa avulla 10–15 °C:n lämpötilassa – viileässä ilmastossa maavarret siirretään talveksi kasvihuoneisiin.[7]

Lajeja

Lähteet

  1. Kannat Kassu - kasvien suomenkieliset nimet. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
  2. Cannas Flower Expert. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
  3. Canna Linnaeus Smithsonian. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
  4. Canna edulis PFAF. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
  5. You Can Have Your Canna and Eat it, Too Daves Garden. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
  6. Genetic-evolutionary studies on cultivated cannas : VI. Origin and evolution of ornamental taxa. Theor Appl Genet. 1970 Jan;40(5):204-17. doi: 10.1007/BF00285243.. 1970. PubMed. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
  7. Canna Royal Horticultural Society. Viitattu 7.9.2014.
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Kannat: Brief Summary ( Finlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia FI

Kannat (Canna) on yksisirkkaisiin kuuluva ruohovartisten kukkivien kasvien suku. Kannat ovat kotoisin läntisen pallonpuoliskon trooppisilta ja subtrooppisilta alueilta. Niitä kasvatetaan koristekasveina ja ravinnoksi myös muualla maailmassa.

Kannat on kannakasvien heimon ainoa suku. Se on aikanaan jaettu jopa 58 lajiin, mutta tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet monia näistä synonyymeiksi, ja nykyisin lajeja erotetaan kymmenen. Afrikan ja Aasian kannakannat ovat luontoon levinneitä Amerikasta tuotujen mukuloiden jälkeläisiä.

Etelä-Amerikassa kasvavan kannalajin Canna edulis juurakosta saadaan proteiini- ja tärkkelyspitoista jauhoa, jota käytetään ravinnoksi. Myös intiankannan maavarsia käytetään ravinnoksi.

Kannoista on jalostettu lukuisia isokukkaisia hybridilajikkeita koristekasveiksi.

Kannoja kasvatetaan koristekasveina ruukuissa ja istutuksissa. Niillä on suuret lehdet ja näyttävät punaiset, oranssit, keltaiset tai vaaleanpunaiset kukat. Kasvi talvehtii maavarsiensa avulla 10–15 °C:n lämpötilassa – viileässä ilmastossa maavarret siirretään talveksi kasvihuoneisiin.

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Canna (genre) ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Canna est un genre de plantes monocotylédones de la famille des Cannaceae. Il comprend plusieurs espèces de plantes herbacées des régions tropicales et subtropicales d'Amérique.

Des hybrides de Canna sont très fréquemment utilisés comme plantes florales ornementales.

Liste d'espèces

Selon World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) (20 mars 2012)[1]:

Espèces aux noms synonymes, obsolètes et leurs taxons de référence

A COMPLÉTER

Notes et références

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Canna (genre): Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Canna est un genre de plantes monocotylédones de la famille des Cannaceae. Il comprend plusieurs espèces de plantes herbacées des régions tropicales et subtropicales d'Amérique.

Des hybrides de Canna sont très fréquemment utilisés comme plantes florales ornementales.

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Canna (planda) ( Irlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia GA

Planda ilbhliantúil tiúbrach atá dúchasach do Mheiriceá Láir is Meiriceá Thuaidh trópaiceach. Na duilleoga lansa-chruthach, cuid mhaith, le gais mar thruaillí ar an bpríomhghas. Na bláthanna i spíce, le 3 shiopal, 3 pheiteal, 4-6 staimín cosúil le peitil is gealdaite. Is capsúl faithneach an toradh,. Fástar go minic ar son na mbláthanna feiceálacha é. Táirgeann Canna edulis an stáirse ararút, agus baineadh feidhm as síolta crua cruinne Canna indica mar ghrán i gcartúis gunnaí.

An t-aon ghéineas amháin sa bhfine Cannaceae is ea Canna.


 src=
Tá an t-alt seo bunaithe ar ábhar as Fréamh an Eolais, ciclipéid eolaíochta agus teicneolaíochta leis an Ollamh Matthew Hussey, foilsithe ag Coiscéim sa bhliain 2011. Tá comhluadar na Vicipéide go mór faoi chomaoin acu beirt as ucht cead a thabhairt an t-ábhar ón leabhar a roinnt linn go léir.
 src=
Is síol é an t-alt seo. Cuir leis, chun cuidiú leis an Vicipéid.
Má tá alt níos forbartha le fáil i dteanga eile, is féidir leat aistriúchán Gaeilge a dhéanamh.


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Kana (biljni rod) ( Croato )

fornecido por wikipedia hr Croatian

Kana (trstina, kok, lat. Canna), biljni rod koji čini samostalnu porodicu kanovke (Cannaceae), red đumbirolike. Rod kana sastoji se od deset vrsta[1] trajnica čija su domovina tropski dijelovi Amerike. Najpoznatija među njima je kana ili narančasti kok (Canna indica), koja u divljini raste na vlažnim i sunčanim mjestima uzduž rijeka, a uzgaja se i u Hrvatskoj kao ukrasna biljka po vrtovioma i parkovima.

Točno značenje nije ustanovljeno, prema jednom izvoru, dolazi od grčkog kanna, a označavao bi cjevasti oblik stabljike, a prema drugom izvoru, to je ime jedsne trske.

Korijen kane je jestiv. Od vlakana listova radi se papir, dok vlakna peteljki zamjenjuju jutena vlakna.[2]

Vrste

  1. Canna bangii
  2. Canna flaccida
  3. Canna glauca
  4. Canna indica
  5. Canna iridiflora
  6. Canna jaegeriana
  7. Canna liliiflora
  8. Canna paniculata
  9. Canna pedunculata
  10. Canna tuerckheimii
Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja
Na Zajedničkom poslužitelju postoje datoteke vezane uz: Kana (biljni rod)
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Wikivrste imaju podatke o: Canna (genus)

Izvori

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Kana (biljni rod): Brief Summary ( Croato )

fornecido por wikipedia hr Croatian

Kana (trstina, kok, lat. Canna), biljni rod koji čini samostalnu porodicu kanovke (Cannaceae), red đumbirolike. Rod kana sastoji se od deset vrsta trajnica čija su domovina tropski dijelovi Amerike. Najpoznatija među njima je kana ili narančasti kok (Canna indica), koja u divljini raste na vlažnim i sunčanim mjestima uzduž rijeka, a uzgaja se i u Hrvatskoj kao ukrasna biljka po vrtovioma i parkovima.

Točno značenje nije ustanovljeno, prema jednom izvoru, dolazi od grčkog kanna, a označavao bi cjevasti oblik stabljike, a prema drugom izvoru, to je ime jedsne trske.

Korijen kane je jestiv. Od vlakana listova radi se papir, dok vlakna peteljki zamjenjuju jutena vlakna.

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Bahorka ( Sorábio superior )

fornecido por wikipedia HSB

Bahorka (Canna) je ród ze swójby bahorkowych rostlinow (Cannaceae).

Wobsahuje sćěhowace družiny:

 src=
indiska bahorka (Canna indica)


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Bunga tasbih ( Indonésio )

fornecido por wikipedia ID


Artikel ini bukan mengenai Tasbih.

Bunga tasbih adalah tanaman yang tergolong tanaman luar dengan nama latin Canna lily. Tanaman ini biasanya tumbuh di hutan dan pegunungan walau tak jarang dijadikan tanaman hias di pekarangan dan taman kota, karena memiliki bunga yang mempesona. Dan teryata dibalik pesona aneka warnanya bunga kana memiliki daya penyembuhan yang luarrr biasa. Bunga kana atau bunga tasbeh berasal dari daerah tropis benua Amerika. Tumbuhan ini mampu hidup di dataran rendah hingga ketinggian 1.000 m di atas permukaan laut. Tumbuhan ini tumbuh besar, tegak, dengan tinggi mencapai dua meter. Tanaman ini memiliki rimpang tebal menyerupai ubi. Daunnya besar dan lebar, menyirip jelas. Warnanya hijau atau merah tengguli. Bunganya besar dengan warna-warna cerah, seperti merah, merah muda, dan kuning yang tersusun dalam bentuk tandan.

Untuk memperbanyak Kana, cukup mencabut gerombolan Kana (mereka tumbuhnya suka bergerombol), kemudian pisahkan bonggolnya dan bisa langsung tanam ditempat yang baru. Biasanya rendam dulu dua atau tiga hari di ember yang diisi air hingga mencapai batasan di atas umbinya (rhizomes), baru dipindahkan . Bunga Kana menyukai sinar matahari dan tanah yang lembap kearah basah. Di Indonesia, Kana ditanam sebagai tanaman air di dalam kolam. Kana di Australia tahan terhadap udara panas yang kadang kadang cukup ekstrem, tetapi tidak menyukai udara dingin sama sekali. Juga siput (snail) adalah musuh utama Kana karena mereka suka memakan daunnya. Keindahan bunga Canna ini telah membawa kepada banyak jenis kacukan atau hybrids dan kultivar yang amat susah hendak menentukan nama atau spesiesnya.

Manfaat

Tanaman ini di Australia dikenal sebagai penghasil tepung. Rasa rimpang yang manis dan bersifat sejuk menjadikan umbinya sebagai penyejuk, pereda demam, peluruh kencing, penenang dan menurunkan tekanan darah. Sedangkan bunganya bersifat hemostatis. Sedangkan daunnya mengandung tannin dan sulfur. Dan menurut Yellia Mangan seorang herbalis di Jakarta rimpang bunga tasbeh ini lebih baik daripada daun sirih untuk menghilangkan keputihan.

Nama lokal

  1. hosbe (Batak)
  2. ganyong hutan (Melayu)
  3. ganyong wana, g. alas, sebe, sebeh, tasbeh, ganyol leuweung (Sunda)
  4. kembang gedang, puspa midra, p. nyidra (Jawa)
  5. tasbhi (Madura)
  6. milu-milu (Bali)
  7. kela, kontas, tuis im tasic, totombe, wuro (Minahasa)
  8. bunga tasebe (Makasar & Bugis)
  9. tasupe (Ternate)

Pranala luar

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Bunga tasbih: Brief Summary ( Indonésio )

fornecido por wikipedia ID


Artikel ini bukan mengenai Tasbih.

Bunga tasbih adalah tanaman yang tergolong tanaman luar dengan nama latin Canna lily. Tanaman ini biasanya tumbuh di hutan dan pegunungan walau tak jarang dijadikan tanaman hias di pekarangan dan taman kota, karena memiliki bunga yang mempesona. Dan teryata dibalik pesona aneka warnanya bunga kana memiliki daya penyembuhan yang luarrr biasa. Bunga kana atau bunga tasbeh berasal dari daerah tropis benua Amerika. Tumbuhan ini mampu hidup di dataran rendah hingga ketinggian 1.000 m di atas permukaan laut. Tumbuhan ini tumbuh besar, tegak, dengan tinggi mencapai dua meter. Tanaman ini memiliki rimpang tebal menyerupai ubi. Daunnya besar dan lebar, menyirip jelas. Warnanya hijau atau merah tengguli. Bunganya besar dengan warna-warna cerah, seperti merah, merah muda, dan kuning yang tersusun dalam bentuk tandan.

Untuk memperbanyak Kana, cukup mencabut gerombolan Kana (mereka tumbuhnya suka bergerombol), kemudian pisahkan bonggolnya dan bisa langsung tanam ditempat yang baru. Biasanya rendam dulu dua atau tiga hari di ember yang diisi air hingga mencapai batasan di atas umbinya (rhizomes), baru dipindahkan . Bunga Kana menyukai sinar matahari dan tanah yang lembap kearah basah. Di Indonesia, Kana ditanam sebagai tanaman air di dalam kolam. Kana di Australia tahan terhadap udara panas yang kadang kadang cukup ekstrem, tetapi tidak menyukai udara dingin sama sekali. Juga siput (snail) adalah musuh utama Kana karena mereka suka memakan daunnya. Keindahan bunga Canna ini telah membawa kepada banyak jenis kacukan atau hybrids dan kultivar yang amat susah hendak menentukan nama atau spesiesnya.

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Canna (botanica) ( Italiano )

fornecido por wikipedia IT

Canna L. è l'unico genere della famiglia delle Cannaceae, comprendente una dozzina di specie originarie delle regioni tropicali e subtropicali del Nuovo mondo, dal sud degli Stati Uniti all'Argentina.[1][2]

Alcune specie sono state introdotte e si sono naturalizzate nelle aree tropicali e subtropicali di altri continenti.[2]

Tassonomia

Il genere Canna comprende le seguenti specie[1]:

Usi

Utilizzate come piante ornamentali, per la cromicità dei fiori e l'eleganza del fogliame, in parchi e giardini per aiuole e bordure, o in vasi capienti sui terrazzi.

Coltivazione

 src=
Fiori di Canna sp

Tra le specie coltivate come piante ornamentali la più nota e ormai acclimatata nelle regioni mediterranee italiane, che riesce a vegetare bene anche al settentrione, è Canna indica pianta rizomatosa con grandi foglie ovali-lanceolate, fiori, con particolari vistose corolle tubolari molto aperte, riuniti in tirsi terminali, portati da un fusto cilindrico e carnoso.

Richiede esposizione in pieno sole, terreno molto fertile copiose concimazioni organiche, soffice, poroso, fresco, teme la siccità e il gelo, per cui i rizomi verranno tolti dal terreno in autunno; nella bella stagione sono previste regolari somministrazioni di fertilizzante organico e minerale, e abbondanti annaffiature.

La moltiplicazione avviene all'inizio della bella stagione, per divisione dei rizomi, precedentemente messi a vegetare appena interrati in cassoni, letti caldi o in serra, che hanno sviluppato nuovi getti, separando i vari segmenti lasciandovi 1-2 germogli e mettendoli a dimora.

Si riproduce anche per seme, e con le opportune cure e accorgimenti, si possono ottenere piante fiorite a 6 mesi dalla semina.

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Canna, su Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 6 aprile 2022.
  2. ^ a b Khoshoo, T.N. & Guha, I. Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House

 title=
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Canna (botanica): Brief Summary ( Italiano )

fornecido por wikipedia IT

Canna L. è l'unico genere della famiglia delle Cannaceae, comprendente una dozzina di specie originarie delle regioni tropicali e subtropicali del Nuovo mondo, dal sud degli Stati Uniti all'Argentina.

Alcune specie sono state introdotte e si sono naturalizzate nelle aree tropicali e subtropicali di altri continenti.

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Kana (augalas) ( Lituano )

fornecido por wikipedia LT
Disambig.svg Kitos reikšmės – Kana (reikšmės).
Apie gyvūną skaitykite šį straipsnį – Kana.

Kana arba pipytė (Canna) – magnolijūnų (Magnoliophyta) skyriaus, monotipinės kaninių (Cannaceae) šeimos augalų gentis.

Gentyje yra 19 rūšių:

Nuorodos


Vikiteka

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Kana (augalas): Brief Summary ( Lituano )

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Canna (geslacht) ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Canna is een geslacht van eenzaadlobbige planten. Het zijn tropische en subtropische planten met grote, brede bladeren en gele, oranje of rode bloemen (of varianten daarvan). Deze zomerbloeiende planten worden 1-2 m hoog en hebben een uitgebreid rizomenstelsel.

Meerjarige soorten kunnen in België en Nederland wel aangeplant worden, mits de nodige voorzorgen. Gezien de planten onze winter niet overleven, dienen de rizomen in de herfst uit de grond gehaald te worden.

De rizomen van de canna zijn eetbaar en rijk aan zetmeel. Aangezien ze vezelrijk zijn, dienen ze urenlang gekookt of gestoomd te worden vooraleer ze voor consumptie vatbaar zijn. De smaak is gelijkaardig aan deze van de zoete aardappel (Ipomoea batatas). In Vietnam en Zuid-China worden de planten aangeplant voor consumptie.

De planten zijn vrij populair als tuinplant. Tijdens de victoriaanse tijd waren ze een modebloem in het Verenigd Koninkrijk en werden er een groot aantal cultivars gekweekt. Er waren toen honderden cultivars; de plant raakte enigszins uit de mode en het aantal cultivars daalde tot ongeveer 270 (50%-70% van het maximale aantal).

Tegenwoordig worden ze getroffen door het cannavirus,waar tot op heden nog niets aan te doen is.

Een aantal soorten

  • Canna brasiliensis
  • Canna edulis
  • Canna flaccida
  • Canna ×generalis
  • Canna glauca
  • Canna indica
  • Canna lambertii
  • Canna lutea
  • Canna neglecta
  • Canna pertusa
  • Canna sylvestris

Cultivars

  • Canna 'Yelow'
  • Canna 'Cleopatra'
  • Canna 'Cleopatra black'
  • Canna 'Saladin'

Externe links

Wikimedia Commons Zie de categorie Canna (genus) van Wikimedia Commons voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.
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Canna (geslacht): Brief Summary ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Canna is een geslacht van eenzaadlobbige planten. Het zijn tropische en subtropische planten met grote, brede bladeren en gele, oranje of rode bloemen (of varianten daarvan). Deze zomerbloeiende planten worden 1-2 m hoog en hebben een uitgebreid rizomenstelsel.

Meerjarige soorten kunnen in België en Nederland wel aangeplant worden, mits de nodige voorzorgen. Gezien de planten onze winter niet overleven, dienen de rizomen in de herfst uit de grond gehaald te worden.

De rizomen van de canna zijn eetbaar en rijk aan zetmeel. Aangezien ze vezelrijk zijn, dienen ze urenlang gekookt of gestoomd te worden vooraleer ze voor consumptie vatbaar zijn. De smaak is gelijkaardig aan deze van de zoete aardappel (Ipomoea batatas). In Vietnam en Zuid-China worden de planten aangeplant voor consumptie.

De planten zijn vrij populair als tuinplant. Tijdens de victoriaanse tijd waren ze een modebloem in het Verenigd Koninkrijk en werden er een groot aantal cultivars gekweekt. Er waren toen honderden cultivars; de plant raakte enigszins uit de mode en het aantal cultivars daalde tot ongeveer 270 (50%-70% van het maximale aantal).

Tegenwoordig worden ze getroffen door het cannavirus,waar tot op heden nog niets aan te doen is.

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Paciorecznik ( Polonês )

fornecido por wikipedia POL
 src=
Kwiat odmiany uprawnej
 src=
Canna flaccida

Paciorecznik, kanna (Canna L.) – rodzaj roślin z monotypowej rodziny paciorecznikowatych (Cannaceae). Należy do niego według różnych ujęć systematycznych 10[1][3], 20[4] lub nawet 50[5] gatunków pochodzących z Ameryki Południowej (na północ od Argentyny) i Ameryki Północnej (część południowa i południowo-wschodnia, po Karolinę Południową). Rozpowszechnione zostały na całym świecie uprawiane jako ozdobne, zwykle jako odmiany uprawne mieszańcowego pochodzenia, o genezie tak złożonej, że obecnie już zwykle opisuje się ja jako przynależne do rodzaju, a nie jakiegokolwiek gatunku lub gatunków rodzicielskich. Paciorecznik indyjski udomowiony został w północnych Andach 2,5 tys. lat temu, a współcześnie uprawiany jest głównie w Azji południowej i Australii, ma jadalne kłącza bogate w skrobię. Stanowi pożywienie dla ludzi i używany jest jako pasza dla zwierząt[6].

Morfologia

Pokrój
Byliny o zróżnicowanej wysokości od kilkudziesięciu cm do zwykle 3 m[4], rzadko nawet 5 m[5]. Nie posiadają typowej łodygi, jej rolę spełniają zwinięte u podstawy w rulon liście. Ze środka tej fałszywej łodygi wyrastają pędy kwiatowe[4]. Pod ziemią mają bulwiaste kłącza, różnej wielkości i kształtu. Pędy są nagie[5].
Liście
Duże, pojedyncze, całobrzegie, skrętoległe, rzadko dwurzędowe[6].
Kwiaty
Zebrane w szczytowy kwiatostan przewyższający liście. Kwiaty są obupłciowe i asymetryczne. Trzy listki zewnętrznego okółka okwiatu są trwałe, mają kolor zielony do czerwonego[6], nakładają się na siebie dachówkowato[5]. Z trzech listków wewnętrznego okółka, jeden jest mniejszy, a wszystkie zrośnięte są u nasady w rurkę. Pojedynczy pręcik jest płatowato spłaszczony i ma pojedynczy pylnik umieszczony na krawędzi. Pozostałych 5 pręcików jest zredukowanych całkowicie lub rozwijają się jako płatkowate prątniczki, przy czym jeden zwykle jest okazały. Zalążnia jest dolna, trójkomorowa i zwieńczona jest płatkowato wykształconą szyjką słupka o brodawkowatej powierzchni znamienia[6]. Kwiaty wydzielają nektar wabiący owady[5].
Owoce
Gruzełkowate, pokryte wyrostkami, trójdzielne i wielonasienne torebki[5][6]. Nasiona kuliste rozwijają się w tkance złożonej z włosków[5].

Systematyka

Pozycja rodzaju i rodziny według APweb (aktualizowany system APG IV z 2016)

Rodzaj paciorecznik należy do monotypowej rodziny paciorecznikowatych (Cannaceae), będącej siostrzaną dla marantowatych (Marantaceae), w obrębie rzędu imbirowców (Zingiberales) z kladu jednoliścienne (monocots)[1].

imbirowce

bananowate Musaceae





helikoniowate Heliconiaceae




strelicjowate Streliziaceae



Lowiaceae







paciorecznikowate Cannaceae



marantowate Marantaceae





imbirowate Zingiberaceae



kostowcowate Costaceae






Pozycja w systemie Reveala (1993-1999)

Gromada okrytonasienne (Magnoliophyta Cronquist), podgromada Magnoliophytina Frohne & U. Jensen ex Reveal, klasa jednoliścienne (Liliopsida Brongn.), podklasa imbirowe (Zingiberidae Cronquist), nadrząd Zingiberanae Takht. ex Reveal, rząd imbirowce (Zingiberales Griseb.), rodzina paciorecznikowate (Cannaceae Link), podrodzina Cannoideae Link, plemię Canneae Meisn., rodzaj paciorecznik (Canna L.)[7].

Lista gatunków[8]
Mieszańce międzygatunkowe[8]

Zastosowanie

Niektóre gatunki są uprawiane jako rośliny ozdobne. W Polsce są uprawiane zazwyczaj w gruncie, ale jako rośliny cieplejszego klimatu nie są przystosowane do naszych warunków i zimą ich kłącze przemarza w ziemi[9]. Uprawia się je więc zazwyczaj jako rośliny jednoroczne z sadzonek wyhodowanych przez specjalistów. Mogą być uprawiane jako rośliny wieloletnie, ale wówczas po zakończeniu kwitnienia przycina się je przy samej ziemi, kłącze zaś jesienią wykopuje się z ziemi i przez zimę przechowuje w pomieszczeniu o temperaturze 5-8 °C[9]. Wiosną (w marcu) dzieli się go na kawałki (każdy z nich powinien mieć przynajmniej 1 pąk) i pozostawia na powietrzu, aby rany przyschły. Wskazane jest obsypanie ran miałem węglowym. Przeschnięte kłącze sadzi się do doniczek trzymanych w ogrzewanym pomieszczeniu i umiarkowanie podlewa. Do gruntu wysadza się z doniczek dopiero w drugiej połowie maja. Wymagają żyznej, próchnicznej gleby i słonecznego lub nieco tylko zacienionego stanowiska. Rozmnażają się przez podział kłączy lub z nasion.

Przypisy

  1. a b c Stevens P.F.: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (ang.). 2001–. [dostęp 2018-02-28].
  2. a b Index Nominum Genericorum. [dostęp 2010-01-10].
  3. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). [dostęp 2010-02-25].
  4. a b c zbiorowe: Rośliny ogrodowe. Könemann, 2005. ISBN 978-3-8331-1916-3.
  5. a b c d e f g Wielka encyklopedia przyrody. Rośliny kwiatowe 2. Warszawa: Muza S.A., 1998, s. 445-446. ISBN 83-7079-779-2.
  6. a b c d e Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Michael F. Fay, Mark W. Chase: Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants. Richmond, Chicago: Kew Publishing, The University of Chicago Press, 2017, s. 188. ISBN 978-1-84246-634-6.
  7. Reveal James L. System of Classification. PBIO 250 Lecture Notes: Plant Taxonomy. Department of Plant Biology, University of Maryland, 1999 Systematyka rodzaju Canna według Reveala
  8. a b Canna (ang.). The Plant List. [dostęp 14 marca 2016].
  9. a b Bolesław Chlebowski, Kazimierz Mynett: Kwiaciarstwo. Warszawa: PWRiL, 1983. ISBN 83-09-00544-X.
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Paciorecznik: Brief Summary ( Polonês )

fornecido por wikipedia POL
 src= Kwiat odmiany uprawnej  src= Canna flaccida

Paciorecznik, kanna (Canna L.) – rodzaj roślin z monotypowej rodziny paciorecznikowatych (Cannaceae). Należy do niego według różnych ujęć systematycznych 10, 20 lub nawet 50 gatunków pochodzących z Ameryki Południowej (na północ od Argentyny) i Ameryki Północnej (część południowa i południowo-wschodnia, po Karolinę Południową). Rozpowszechnione zostały na całym świecie uprawiane jako ozdobne, zwykle jako odmiany uprawne mieszańcowego pochodzenia, o genezie tak złożonej, że obecnie już zwykle opisuje się ja jako przynależne do rodzaju, a nie jakiegokolwiek gatunku lub gatunków rodzicielskich. Paciorecznik indyjski udomowiony został w północnych Andach 2,5 tys. lat temu, a współcześnie uprawiany jest głównie w Azji południowej i Australii, ma jadalne kłącza bogate w skrobię. Stanowi pożywienie dla ludzi i używany jest jako pasza dla zwierząt.

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Kannasläktet ( Sueco )

fornecido por wikipedia SV

Kannor[1] eller Kannasläktet[2] (Canna)[3] är det enda släktet i familjen kannaväxter.[3] De kommer ursprungligen från tropiska och subtropiska områden från södra USA och söderut till norra Argentina vilket även inkluderar Västindien.

Kannasläktets arter är stora fleråriga örter med breda, gröna blad. De har inga egentliga stjälkar, utan samlingar av nya hoprullade blad som sedan vecklar ut sig. Blommorna är vanligen röda, orange eller gula och de drar till sig kolibrier. Frukten är en kapsel. Som vildväxande blir kannorna mellan 0,5 och 5 meter höga. Eftersom kannor har blivit populära prydnadsväxter så finns det ett stort antal sorter och hybrider. Vanligen är dessa inte lika stora som de vildväxande arterna. Kannor har asymmetriska blommor vilket är ett ganska ovanligt drag.

Arternas rhizomer är ätliga, men måste kokas länge eftersom de är ganska trådiga. De är stärkelserika.

Odling

Kannor ska ha en solig växtplats och helst inte utsättas för regn. De får dock inte torka ut kring rötterna. De kräver mycket näring och de tål inte frost. I områden med kalla vintrar kan jordstammarna grävas upp på hösten och övervintras vid en temperatur över 7 °C.

Kladogram

Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life[3]:

Kannor

Canna bangii



Canna flaccida



Canna glauca



Canna indica



Canna iridiflora



Canna jaegeriana



Canna liliiflora



Canna paniculata



Canna pedunculata



Canna tuerckheimii



Källor

  1. ^ Dyntaxa, svensk taxonomisk databas Släkte: Canna - kannor SLU, sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
  2. ^ Skud, svensk kulturväxtdatabas Canna L.
  3. ^ [a b c] Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed) (5 april 2014). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/browse/tree/id/17189007. Läst 26 maj 2014.

Externa länkar

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Kannasläktet: Brief Summary ( Sueco )

fornecido por wikipedia SV

Kannor eller Kannasläktet (Canna) är det enda släktet i familjen kannaväxter. De kommer ursprungligen från tropiska och subtropiska områden från södra USA och söderut till norra Argentina vilket även inkluderar Västindien.

Kannasläktets arter är stora fleråriga örter med breda, gröna blad. De har inga egentliga stjälkar, utan samlingar av nya hoprullade blad som sedan vecklar ut sig. Blommorna är vanligen röda, orange eller gula och de drar till sig kolibrier. Frukten är en kapsel. Som vildväxande blir kannorna mellan 0,5 och 5 meter höga. Eftersom kannor har blivit populära prydnadsväxter så finns det ett stort antal sorter och hybrider. Vanligen är dessa inte lika stora som de vildväxande arterna. Kannor har asymmetriska blommor vilket är ett ganska ovanligt drag.

Arternas rhizomer är ätliga, men måste kokas länge eftersom de är ganska trådiga. De är stärkelserika.

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Kana çiçeği ( Turco )

fornecido por wikipedia TR

Kana çiçeği (Canna), Amerika ve Asya’nın sıcak bölgelerinde yetişen kök saplı otsu bir bitki türlerinin ortak adı.

Küçük çiçekliler ve orkide çiçekliler (İtalya kana çiçeği) diye başlıca iki gruba ayrılır.

Stub icon Tek çenekliler ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini geliştirerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz. Stub icon Çiçek ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini geliştirerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.
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Канна (рослина) ( Ucraniano )

fornecido por wikipedia UK
У Вікіпедії є статті про інші значення цього терміна: Канна.

Ка́нна (лат. Canna) — єдиний рід рослин монотипної родини Каннові (лат. Cannaceae), що входить в порядок Імбироцвіті. Рід нараховує близько 50 видів, поширених в основному в Центральній і Південній Америці. Представники роду ростуть на відкритих сонячних місцях, на вологих, багатих гумусом ґрунтах, по берегах річок і струмків, на приморських рівнинах та в гірських ущелинах.

Ботанічний опис

Канна — багаторічна трав'яниста рослини з розгалуженим кореневищем і великими листками, розташованими дворядно на вкорочених стеблах. Квітки канни різко асиметричні. Вони великі, 4-8 см у діаметрі, яскраві, переважно жовті, оранжеві або червоні. Лише деякі види мають білі квіти. Квіти канни двостатеві, тричленні, із еліптичними або ланцетними приквітками. Плоди кан — тригнізді коробочки, що мають овальну або циліндричну форму. Вони дозрівають протягом 30-40 днів. На поверхні плода є характерні бородавчасті соковиті вирости, які потім висихають і опадають, оболонка при цьому стає тонкою, і коробочки повільно розтріскуються у верхній третині або до половини, вивільняючи круглі, чорні насінини завширшки 6-10 мм, розташовані двома вертикальними рядами в кожному гнізді.

Використання

Канни з давніх часів культивувалися індіанцями тропічної Америки через крохмалисті кореневища, які вживаються в їжу у печеному вигляді. Кореневища деяких видів канни містять до 27% крупнозернистого крохмалю, відомого в торгівлі під назвою «квінслендський аррорут». Стебла і листя рослин йдуть на корм худобі. Крім країн Латинської Америки, канну культивують також в Індії, Індонезії, Австралії та на Гавайських островах.

Деякі види

Посилання

Джерела

  • Сорти квіткових і декоративних культур / Пількевич А. В. — К., 1986. — 142 с.
  • Морфологія плодів та насіння квіткових рослин світової флори / Й. Й. Сікура, А. Й. Сікура, В. В. Капустян. — Київ : Знання України, 2008. — Т. Кн. 4. — 80 с. — ISBN 978-966-316-213-3.
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Канна (рослина): Brief Summary ( Ucraniano )

fornecido por wikipedia UK
У Вікіпедії є статті про інші значення цього терміна: Канна.

Ка́нна (лат. Canna) — єдиний рід рослин монотипної родини Каннові (лат. Cannaceae), що входить в порядок Імбироцвіті. Рід нараховує близько 50 видів, поширених в основному в Центральній і Південній Америці. Представники роду ростуть на відкритих сонячних місцях, на вологих, багатих гумусом ґрунтах, по берегах річок і струмків, на приморських рівнинах та в гірських ущелинах.

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Chi Dong riềng ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Chi Dong riềng, còn gọi là dong tây, danh pháp khoa học: Canna, là chi duy nhất của Họ Dong riềng (Cannaceae). Chi này gồm khoảng 19 loài cây thân thảo ra hoa.

Phân loài

Xem thêm

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

Tham khảo

 src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Chi Dong riềng


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến bộ Gừng này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Chi Dong riềng: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Chi Dong riềng, còn gọi là dong tây, danh pháp khoa học: Canna, là chi duy nhất của Họ Dong riềng (Cannaceae). Chi này gồm khoảng 19 loài cây thân thảo ra hoa.

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Канна (растение) ( Russo )

fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Канна.
Царство: Растения
Подцарство: Зелёные растения
Отдел: Цветковые
Надпорядок: Lilianae
Порядок: Имбирецветные
Семейство: Канновые (Cannaceae Juss., 1789, nom. cons.)
Род: Канна
Международное научное название

Canna L., 1753

Виды Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
на Викивидах
Commons-logo.svg
Изображения
на Викискладе
ITIS 42409NCBI 4627EOL 60459GRIN g:2033IPNI ???

Ка́нна (лат. Canna) — единственный род растений монотипного семейства Канновые (лат. Cannaceae), входящего в порядок Имбирецветные. Род насчитывает около 12[2] видов, распространённых в основном в Центральной и Южной Америке. Представители рода произрастают на открытых солнечных местах, на влажных, богатых гумусом почвах, по берегам рек и ручьёв, на приморских равнинах и в горных ущельях.

Ботаническое описание

Канны — многолетние травянистые растения с ветвящимися корневищами и крупными листьями, двурядно расположенными на укороченных стеблях.

Цветки канн резко асимметричны. Они крупные, 4—8 см диаметром, яркие, жёлтые, оранжевые или красные. Лишь немногие виды имеют белые цветки. Они обоеполые, трёхчленные, снабжены овальным или ланцетным прицветником.

Плоды видов канны — трёхгнёздные локулицидные коробочки, имеющие овальную или цилиндрическую форму. Они созревают в течение 30—40 дней. На поверхности плода имеются характерные бородавчатые сочные выросты, которые затем высыхают и опадают, оболочка при этом становится тонкой, и коробочки медленно растрескиваются в верхней трети или до половины, освобождая круглые чёрные семена диаметром 6—10 мм, расположенные двумя вертикальными рядами в каждом гнезде.

Хозяйственное значение и применение

Канны с древних времён культивировались индейцами тропической Америки из-за крахмалистых корневищ, употребляемых в пищу в печёном виде. Корневища некоторых видов канны содержат до 27 % крупнозернистого крахмала, известного в торговле под названием «квинслендский аррорут».

Стебли и листья растений идут на корм скоту.

Помимо стран Латинской Америки, канну культивируют также в Индии, Индонезии, Австралии и на Гавайских островах.

Виды

По информации базы данных The Plant List (на июль 2016), род включает 12 видов[2]:

  •  src=

    Canna indica

  •  src=

    Canna liliiflora

  •  src=

    Canna brasiliensis

Примечания

  1. Об условности указания класса однодольных в качестве вышестоящего таксона для описываемой в данной статье группы растений см. раздел «Системы APG» статьи «Однодольные».
  2. 1 2 Canna (англ.). The Plant List. Version 1.1. (2013). Проверено 27 июля 2016.
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Канна (растение): Brief Summary ( Russo )

fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию

Ка́нна (лат. Canna) — единственный род растений монотипного семейства Канновые (лат. Cannaceae), входящего в порядок Имбирецветные. Род насчитывает около 12 видов, распространённых в основном в Центральной и Южной Америке. Представители рода произрастают на открытых солнечных местах, на влажных, богатых гумусом почвах, по берегам рек и ручьёв, на приморских равнинах и в горных ущельях.

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美人蕉屬 ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科

(见内文)

美人蕉属学名Canna)是單子葉植物薑目美人蕉科Cannaceae)的唯一屬,本科屬又稱為曇華科曇華屬,目前已知約有11个已确定的物種[1]

分布

原產於熱帶亞熱帶地區。分布从北美东南部到南美。

特征

多年生草本,有塊狀根莖。常栽培做觀賞植物。具根茎,也有高达3米的直立茎。叶绿色或青铜色,螺旋排列。花不对称,发育雄蕊仅一枚,此雄蕊的半边具发育的药室,另半部花瓣状,退化雄蕊数枚,一枚向外反卷或成唇瓣,其余的均为花瓣状,真正的花瓣3枚。花,猩红色、橙红色或黄色,有时有不同颜色的斑点。该科植物广为观赏栽培。

分类

物种

杂交种

参考文献

  1. ^ Canna. In: The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ [2014-12-25].
 src= 维基物种中的分类信息:美人蕉屬  src= 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:美人蕉屬
 title=
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美人蕉屬: Brief Summary ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科

美人蕉属(学名:Canna)是單子葉植物薑目美人蕉科(Cannaceae)的唯一屬,本科屬又稱為曇華科、曇華屬,目前已知約有11个已确定的物種。

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カンナ (植物) ( Japonês )

fornecido por wikipedia 日本語
カンナ属 Canna lily cm.jpg 分類 : 植物 Plantae : 被子植物門 Magnoliophyta : 単子葉植物綱 Liliopsida 亜綱 : ショウガ亜綱 Zingiberidae : ショウガ目 Zingiberales : カンナ科 Cannaceae : カンナ属 Canna 学名 Canna L. 下位分類群
  • Canna indica
  • Canna x generalis

カンナは、カンナ科カンナ属(Canna)の植物の一群。多様な種類、園芸品種がある。

春に球根を植えると夏~秋に独特の形をした花を咲かせる。葉は、緑色のものと赤銅色のものがある。球根で殖やすが、暖かい地方では掘りあげる必要が無く、宿根草として扱うことができる。

ギャラリー[編集]

  •  src=

    カンナの一種

  • カンナ2.jpg
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    簇生の様子

 src= ウィキメディア・コモンズには、カンナ属に関連するカテゴリがあります。 執筆の途中です この項目は、植物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますプロジェクト:植物Portal:植物)。
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wikipedia 日本語

カンナ (植物): Brief Summary ( Japonês )

fornecido por wikipedia 日本語

カンナは、カンナ科カンナ属(Canna)の植物の一群。多様な種類、園芸品種がある。

春に球根を植えると夏~秋に独特の形をした花を咲かせる。葉は、緑色のものと赤銅色のものがある。球根で殖やすが、暖かい地方では掘りあげる必要が無く、宿根草として扱うことができる。

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ウィキペディアの著者と編集者
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia 日本語

칸나속 ( Coreano )

fornecido por wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

 src= 다른 뜻에 대해서는 칸나 문서를 참고하십시오.

칸나속(canna屬, 학명: Canna 칸나[*])은 생강목단형 칸나과(canna科, 학명: Cannaceae 칸나케아이[*], 또는 홍초과(紅草科))의 유일한 이다.[1][2] 주로 열대 아메리카에 1속의 30-60종 가량이 자란다.[3][4][5][6][7][8] 생김새는 생강과와 매우 비슷하지만 잎혀가 없는 점이 다르므로 꽃이 없어도 이 두 과를 구별할 수 있다. 3개의 꽃받침조각과 꽃잎을 가지며, 수술도 보통 3개로 꽃잎처럼 변해 있는데, 그 중 1개는 순판 모양이 된다. 씨방은 하위이며 꽃잎화되는 경향이 있는 암술대가 같이 생긴다. 열매는 삭과로 표면이 거칠다.

하위 분류

  • 인디언칸나(C. indica L.)
  • C. bangii Kraenzl.
  • C. flaccida Salisb.
  • C. glauca L.
  • C. iridiflora Ruiz & Pav.
  • C. jaegeriana Urb.
  • C. liliiflora Warsz. ex Planch.
  • C. lineata Ciciar.
  • C. paniculata Ruiz & Pav.
  • C. pedunculata Sims
  • C. tandilensis Ciciar.
  • C. tuerckheimii Kraenzl.

그 외에 인공 교잡 원예종칸나(C. × generalis L.H.Bailey)가 있다.[9]

각주

  1. Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. Genera Plantarum 62. 1789.
  2. Linnaeus, Carl von. Species Plantarum 1: 1. 1753.
  3. Nobuyuki Tanaka 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
  4. Johnson's Gardner's Dictionary (1856)
  5. Chaté, E. (1867). Le Canna, son histoire, sa culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage
  6. Robinson W. (1879) The Subtropical Garden, John Murray, Albermarle St, London, England.
  7. “Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution”. 2007년 3월 12일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  8. Proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii
  9. Bailey, L.H. - Canna x generalis. Hortus, 118 (1930); cf. Standley & Steyerm. in Fieldiana, Bot., xxiv. III.204 (1952)
Heckert GNU white.svgCc.logo.circle.svg 이 문서에는 다음커뮤니케이션(현 카카오)에서 GFDL 또는 CC-SA 라이선스로 배포한 글로벌 세계대백과사전의 내용을 기초로 작성된 글이 포함되어 있습니다.
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칸나속: Brief Summary ( Coreano )

fornecido por wikipedia 한국어 위키백과
 src= 다른 뜻에 대해서는 칸나 문서를 참고하십시오.

칸나속(canna屬, 학명: Canna 칸나[*])은 생강목단형 인 칸나과(canna科, 학명: Cannaceae 칸나케아이[*], 또는 홍초과(紅草科))의 유일한 이다. 주로 열대 아메리카에 1속의 30-60종 가량이 자란다. 생김새는 생강과와 매우 비슷하지만 잎혀가 없는 점이 다르므로 꽃이 없어도 이 두 과를 구별할 수 있다. 3개의 꽃받침조각과 꽃잎을 가지며, 수술도 보통 3개로 꽃잎처럼 변해 있는데, 그 중 1개는 순판 모양이 된다. 씨방은 하위이며 꽃잎화되는 경향이 있는 암술대가 같이 생긴다. 열매는 삭과로 표면이 거칠다.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia 작가 및 편집자