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Awi bitung atawa bitung (Dendrocalamus asper) nyaéta awi anu tangkalna mibanda ukuran leuwih badag, kaasup kana kulawarga Poaceae.[6][7] [8]
Awi bitung mibanda sababaraha ngaran saperti bambu betung, buluh petung (Mly.); bulu botung (Bat.); oloh otong (Gayo); triĕng bĕtong (basa Acéh); léwuo guru (basa Nias); bambu batuĕng (basa Minangkabau); pĕring bĕtung (basa Lampung); pring pĕtung, dĕling pĕtung, jajang bĕtung (basa Jawa); pĕréng pĕtong (bahasa Madura); tiing pĕtung (bahasa Bali); bulo patung, b. patong (basa Makassar|); awo pĕtung (basa Bugis); au pĕtung (Solor); bambu swanggi (Banda), betong (Manggarai, Florés, NTT).[3] Dina basa Inggris awi bitung disebut rough bamboo atawa giant bamboo.[7].
Tangkalna ngadapur; iwungna hideung semu gandaria, disimbutan ku bulu-bulu (miang) kelirna coklat aya ogé anu hideung.[3] Tangkalna kawilang badag, panjang bukuna 40-50 cm buleudan tangkalna 12-18(-20) cm, jangkung tangkal ti puhu nepi ka tungtung kurang leuwih 20 m ka tungtungnakeun melenod; kelir tangkalna héjo, héjo kolot, aya ogé anu héjo semu gandaria.[9] Buku-bukuna barijil akar tapi henteu manjangan anu katelah akar udara.[9] Kandel tangkalna 11 nepi ka 36 mm.[7]
Salumpitna kawilang badag, lk. 50 × 25 cm,[7] disimutan ku bulu-bulu miang kelirna coklat kolot nepi ka hideung; tungtung salumpit ngaringkél panjangna 7 mm palapah daunna segitilu palebah handapna ngaleutikan.[9] Daun dina régan mibanda palapah anu lokos kelirna konéng ngora tur buluan, 2 mm, daun salambar 15-30(-45) × 1-2,5(-8,5) cm.[9]Beulah handap keusrak; cupat daunna pondok .[7]
Kembangna bijil ngaranggeuy tina tungtung dahan anu henteu mibanda daun spikelet.[9] Spikelet ngawangun elipsoid, 6-9 × 4-5 mm, rada gepéng ka gigir, dieusi ku 1-2 gluma jeung 4-5 ''floret''.[7]
Awi bitung ditaksir asalna ti wewengkon Asia Tenggara.[7]Kiwari tangkal awi bitung méh bisa kapanggih di unggal daérah di Asia tropis.[7] Ogé kapanggih dinagara séjéna saperti Ghana, Benin, Kongo, Kenya, jeung Madagaskar.[7]Tangkal awi bitung nyebar nepika dataran anu mibanda 1.500 m dpl.[7] Di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango awi bitung masih kénéh kapanggih hirup di dataran 1.910 m dpl.[10]
Awi bitung hirup kalawan subur utamana dina taneuh anu jemlék sok sanajan bisa Jadi ogé dina dataran anu garing boh di pagunungan anapon di tegalan.[9] Awi bitung bisa hirup kalawan subur di daérah anu luhurna 400–500 m tina beungeut cai laut (dpl) ogé di daérah anu mibanda hujan dina sataun rata-rata 2.400 mm.[7]Awi bitung bisa hirup dina sagala rupa taneuh, tapi bakal leuwih hadé umpama hirup dina taneuh jemlek.[7] Kasorot ku panon poé, suhu pang tiisna dina 25 °F.[11]
Awi bitung geus dimangpaatkeun pikeun : kontruksi , tihang imah, parahu, rakit, sasak, jeung sajabana. [3][12] Dina kaayaan garing awi gombong leuwih kuat jeung awét, dina kadar cai 8% kapadetan kaina kurang leuwih 0,7-0,8 g/cm³.[7]Dina kaayaan kadar cai 15%, kakuatan kai awi bitung mangsa dipotongkeun 103 N/mm²; kakuatan nahan mangsa nahan beurat sajajar jeung urat tangkalna 31 .[9]
Awi bitung biasa ogé dimangpaatkeun pikeun rupa-rupa kabutuhan : Kuluwung, lodong cai, lahang, waditra, furnitur, parabot rumah tangga, bubur kertas, sumpit, tusuk gigi, jeung sajabana.[12][7][13] [9]
Iwung Awi bitung mah kawilang badag, rasana ogé henteu pait malahan rada amis anu matak loba anu mikaresep. [3] Pikeun diolah jadi acar, sayuran, bahan pikeun iwung kaléngan, iwung awi bitung mibanda kualitas anu hadé dibandingkeun jeung iwung awi séjén.[7]
|isbn= value (bantuan). Awi bitung atawa bitung (Dendrocalamus asper) nyaéta awi anu tangkalna mibanda ukuran leuwih badag, kaasup kana kulawarga Poaceae.
Awi bitung mibanda sababaraha ngaran saperti bambu betung, buluh petung (Mly.); bulu botung (Bat.); oloh otong (Gayo); triĕng bĕtong (basa Acéh); léwuo guru (basa Nias); bambu batuĕng (basa Minangkabau); pĕring bĕtung (basa Lampung); pring pĕtung, dĕling pĕtung, jajang bĕtung (basa Jawa); pĕréng pĕtong (bahasa Madura); tiing pĕtung (bahasa Bali); bulo patung, b. patong (basa Makassar|); awo pĕtung (basa Bugis); au pĕtung (Solor); bambu swanggi (Banda), betong (Manggarai, Florés, NTT). Dina basa Inggris awi bitung disebut rough bamboo atawa giant bamboo..
Dendrocalamus asper, also known as giant bamboo or dragon bamboo (in China), is a giant, tropical, clumping species of bamboo native to Southeast Asia. In addition to its prolific nature across Asia, the plant's overall attractive appearance (and ease of care) has seen this species introduced widely across South America and Africa (namely Kenya, Malawi and Ghana), as well as Mexico and Florida.[1] One advantage of this bamboo, especially for gardens, is its natural growth habit as a sympodial, colony-forming plant. Overall this bamboo maintains its own "personal" growing space, and does not grow laterally (runners), thus posing less risk of being environmentally-invasive.
It is important to note, however, that although D. asper is widely considered to be "non-invasive", that is only a generalized experience of most gardeners. Any species of plant can grow one way in its early stages of life, only to then grow very differently in another, especially if relocated.[2] This could be seen as significant growth spurts, or gradually decreasing vigor of the plant. Changes in growth habit can potentially be due to warmer or colder climates, irrigation methods, higher or lower precipitation, chemical exposures, varying soil and substrate types, or just general transplant shock. The majority of individuals planting D. asper praise its neat, mound-forming growth habit, and overall hardiness.
This bamboo species of the genus Dendrocalamus grows 15–20 m tall, and 8–12 cm in diameter. It is found commonly in India, Sri Lanka, Southwest China and Southeast Asia.[3] and more recently in Latin America and warmer regions in the United States.
This timber bamboo has traditionally used as a building material for heavy construction due to the fact that its culms are large diameter and very straight, and its young shoots are consumed as a vegetable. Along with Moso bamboo in China, Dendrocalamus asper is the most popular bamboo species in Asia whose shoots are used as a source of food.
Culms of Dendrocalamus asper bamboo are greyish green, becoming dull brown on drying. Lower nodes of young culms are covered with golden brown hairs which are the most easily distinguishing factor of the species. Young shoots are brownish black. Internode length is 25–60 cm, diameter 3.5–15 cm. The culm walls are generally very thick but also show great variation in this thickness. The nodes are prominent. The culm sheath is straw-colored and appear large, and broad; the top of the sheath is rounded, and auricles are small. The upper surface is covered with golden brown hairs. The under surface is not hairy. Sheaths fall off early. Mature culms grow very straight with tapering occurring only at the upper level, and the culms show very little branching, making them easier to harvest upon maturity.
This species flowers intermittently, with flowering events occurring at time intervals greater than 60 years. The seed is very fragile and seedlings have a high mortality rate requiring considerable care and controlled environments in their first few weeks of growth.
Although with a wide natural occurrence and having been introduced at small scale to many countries it has only recently been grown under a commercial setting. EcoPlanet Bamboo[4] became the first entity to grow Dendrocalamus asper from seed with the development of a million plant nursery, the largest of its kind, focused on this species. In 2015 EcoPlanet Bamboo became the first entity globally to grow the species commercially in a Public Private Partnership with the Ghana Forestry Commission.
Dendrocalamus asper, also known as giant bamboo or dragon bamboo (in China), is a giant, tropical, clumping species of bamboo native to Southeast Asia. In addition to its prolific nature across Asia, the plant's overall attractive appearance (and ease of care) has seen this species introduced widely across South America and Africa (namely Kenya, Malawi and Ghana), as well as Mexico and Florida. One advantage of this bamboo, especially for gardens, is its natural growth habit as a sympodial, colony-forming plant. Overall this bamboo maintains its own "personal" growing space, and does not grow laterally (runners), thus posing less risk of being environmentally-invasive.
It is important to note, however, that although D. asper is widely considered to be "non-invasive", that is only a generalized experience of most gardeners. Any species of plant can grow one way in its early stages of life, only to then grow very differently in another, especially if relocated. This could be seen as significant growth spurts, or gradually decreasing vigor of the plant. Changes in growth habit can potentially be due to warmer or colder climates, irrigation methods, higher or lower precipitation, chemical exposures, varying soil and substrate types, or just general transplant shock. The majority of individuals planting D. asper praise its neat, mound-forming growth habit, and overall hardiness.
This bamboo species of the genus Dendrocalamus grows 15–20 m tall, and 8–12 cm in diameter. It is found commonly in India, Sri Lanka, Southwest China and Southeast Asia. and more recently in Latin America and warmer regions in the United States.
This timber bamboo has traditionally used as a building material for heavy construction due to the fact that its culms are large diameter and very straight, and its young shoots are consumed as a vegetable. Along with Moso bamboo in China, Dendrocalamus asper is the most popular bamboo species in Asia whose shoots are used as a source of food.
Culms of Dendrocalamus asper bamboo are greyish green, becoming dull brown on drying. Lower nodes of young culms are covered with golden brown hairs which are the most easily distinguishing factor of the species. Young shoots are brownish black. Internode length is 25–60 cm, diameter 3.5–15 cm. The culm walls are generally very thick but also show great variation in this thickness. The nodes are prominent. The culm sheath is straw-colored and appear large, and broad; the top of the sheath is rounded, and auricles are small. The upper surface is covered with golden brown hairs. The under surface is not hairy. Sheaths fall off early. Mature culms grow very straight with tapering occurring only at the upper level, and the culms show very little branching, making them easier to harvest upon maturity.
This species flowers intermittently, with flowering events occurring at time intervals greater than 60 years. The seed is very fragile and seedlings have a high mortality rate requiring considerable care and controlled environments in their first few weeks of growth.
Although with a wide natural occurrence and having been introduced at small scale to many countries it has only recently been grown under a commercial setting. EcoPlanet Bamboo became the first entity to grow Dendrocalamus asper from seed with the development of a million plant nursery, the largest of its kind, focused on this species. In 2015 EcoPlanet Bamboo became the first entity globally to grow the species commercially in a Public Private Partnership with the Ghana Forestry Commission.
Dendrocalamus asper es una especie de bambú originaria del sudeste de Asia.
Es una especie de bambú gigante, que forma agrupamientos densos tropicales y subtropicales y son nativas del sureste de Asia. De este bambú la madera se utiliza como material de construcción para la construcción pesada, y los brotes se consumen como verdura.[1]
Esta variedad de bambú del género Dendrocalamus alcanza un tamaño de 15-20 metros de altura y 8-12 cm de diámetro. Se encuentra comúnmente en la India y los países vecinos.[2]
Dendrocalamus asper fue descrita por (Schult.) Backer in K.Heyne, y publicado en Nutt. Pl. Ned.-Ind., ed. 2, 1: 301 (1927).[3]
Bambu betung (Dendrocalamus asper) adalah salah satu jenis bambu yang memiliki ukuran lingkar batang yang besar dan termasuk ke dalam suku rumput-rumputan. Bambu ini memiliki aneka nama lokal seperti bambu betung, buluh petung (Mly.); bulu botung (Bat.); oloh otong (Gayo); triĕng bĕtong (Aceh); léwuo guru (Nias); bambu batuĕng (Mink.); pĕring bĕtung (Lamp.); awi bitung (Sd.); pring pĕtung, dĕling pĕtung, jajang bĕtung (Jw.); pĕréng pĕtong (Md.); tiing pĕtung (Bl.); bulo patung, b. patong (Mak.); awo pĕtung (Bug.); au pĕtung (Solor); bambu swanggi (Banda), betong (Manggarai, Flores, NTT) dan lain-lain.[6] Dalam bahasa Inggris ia disebut rough bamboo atau giant bamboo.
Bambu merumpun; rebungnya hitam keunguan, tertutup oleh bulu-bulu (miang) seperti beledu cokelat hingga kehitaman. Buluh berukuran besar, panjang ruas 40-50 cm dan garis tengahnya 12-18(-20) cm, secara keseluruhan buluh mencapai tinggi 20 m dengan ujung yang melengkung; warnanya bervariasi dari hijau, hijau tua, hijau keunguan, hijau keputihan, atau bertotol-totol putih karena liken. Buku-bukunya dikelilingi oleh akar udara.[7] Tebal dinding buluhnya antara 11 sampai 36 mm.[8]
Pelepah buluh berukuran besar, lk. 50 × 25 cm,[8] tertutup oleh miang berwarna hitam hingga cokelat tua; kupingnya membulat dan terkadang mengeriting hingga dasar daun pelepah buluh, tinggi 7 mm dengan bulu kejur hingga 5 mm; ligula (lidah-lidah) menggerigi tidak teratur, tinggi 7-10 mm dengan bulu kejur pendek hingga 3 mm; daun pelepah buluh menyegitiga dengan dasar menyempit, terkeluk balik.[7] Daun pada ranting dengan pelepah yang lokos atau bermiang pucat jarang-jarang, tanpa kuping, ligula lk. 2 mm, helaian berukuran 15-30(-45) × 1-2,5(-8,5) cm, sisi bawahnya agak berbulu; tangkai daun amat pendek.[8]
Perbungaan berupa malai pada ranting tak berdaun, dengan kelompok-kelompok spikelet pada masing masing bukunya. Spikelet bentuk elipsoid, 6-9 × 4-5 mm, sedikit memipih ke samping, berisi 1-2 gluma dan 4-5 floret.[8]
Asal usul bambu betung tidak begitu jelas, akan tetapi diperkirakan berasal dari wilayah Asia Tenggara. Pada saat ini betung didapati ditanam di seluruh Asia tropis, dan diintroduksi ke berbagai negara lain termasuk Ghana, Benin, Kongo, Kenya, dan Madagaskar. Tumbuhan ini menyebar hingga ketinggian 1.500 m dpl.,[8] namun di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango betung tercatat hingga ketinggian 1.910 m dpl.[9]
Betung tumbuh baik pada tanah-tanah aluvial yang lembab dan subur, meskipun bambu ini juga mampu tumbuh di tempat-tempat kering di dataran tinggi maupun rendah.[7] Bambu betung tumbuh subur terbaik pada ketinggian 400–500 m dpl di daerah dengan curah hujan tahunan rata-rata sekitar 2.400 mm. Tanaman ini tumbuh dengan baik pada berbagai jenis tanah, tetapi tumbuh dengan lebih baik pada tanah-tanah berat berdrainase baik.[8] Menyukai sinar matahari penuh, suhu minimum supaya dapat tumbuh dengan baik adalah 25 °F.[10]
Bambu betung memiliki banyak manfaat dan terutama digunakan sebagai bahan bangunan dan kayu struktural untuk konstruksi pelbagai bangunan: tiang rumah, andang-andang perahu, rangka gudang tembakau, jembatan dan titian, perancah dan lain-lain.[3][6] Buluhnya yang tebal umumnya dianggap kuat dan awet; pada kadar air 8% kerapatan kayunya antara 0,7-0,8 g/cm³. Pada kadar air 15%, keteguhan patah bambu betung adalah 103 N/mm²; keteguhan tekan sejajar arah serat 31 N/mm²; dan keteguhan gesernya 7,3 N/mm².[8]
Pemanfaatan lainnya di antaranya untuk semah-semah perahu, tahang air atau nira,[6] saluran air, alat musik, furnitur, peralatan rumah tangga dan kerajinan, papan laminasi,[8] bubur kertas,[11] sumpit, tusuk gigi,[7] serta aneka kegunaan lainnya.
Rebungnya yang besar dan manis disukai orang,[3] untuk dibuat acar atau masakan lain. Mutu rebung ini dianggap yang terbaik dibandingkan dengan rebung bambu jenis lain, termasuk pula apabila dikalengkan.[8]
Bambu betung masih berkerabat dekat dengan bambu sembilang, bambu batu, dan bambu taiwan.[12]
Bambu betung (Dendrocalamus asper) adalah salah satu jenis bambu yang memiliki ukuran lingkar batang yang besar dan termasuk ke dalam suku rumput-rumputan. Bambu ini memiliki aneka nama lokal seperti bambu betung, buluh petung (Mly.); bulu botung (Bat.); oloh otong (Gayo); triĕng bĕtong (Aceh); léwuo guru (Nias); bambu batuĕng (Mink.); pĕring bĕtung (Lamp.); awi bitung (Sd.); pring pĕtung, dĕling pĕtung, jajang bĕtung (Jw.); pĕréng pĕtong (Md.); tiing pĕtung (Bl.); bulo patung, b. patong (Mak.); awo pĕtung (Bug.); au pĕtung (Solor); bambu swanggi (Banda), betong (Manggarai, Flores, NTT) dan lain-lain. Dalam bahasa Inggris ia disebut rough bamboo atau giant bamboo.
Buluh betong atau juga dikenali sebagai buluh pering merupakan pokok buluh dalam genus Dendrocalamus yang yang tumbuh di Asia. Nama saintifiknya adalah Dendrocalamus asper.[1]
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Buluh betong atau juga dikenali sebagai buluh pering merupakan pokok buluh dalam genus Dendrocalamus yang yang tumbuh di Asia. Nama saintifiknya adalah Dendrocalamus asper.
O bambu-áspero (Bambusa aspera) é uma planta da família das gramíneas, nativa das ilhas Molucas.
A autoridade científica da espécie é Schult. & Schult. f., tendo sido descrita em Systema Vegetabilium 7(2): 1352–1353. 1830.[1]
O The Plant List indica esta espécie como sinónima de Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer.[2]
O bambu-áspero (Bambusa aspera) é uma planta da família das gramíneas, nativa das ilhas Molucas.
A autoridade científica da espécie é Schult. & Schult. f., tendo sido descrita em Systema Vegetabilium 7(2): 1352–1353. 1830.
O The Plant List indica esta espécie como sinónima de Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer.
Tre Mạnh Tông, tên khoa học Dendrocalamus asper, là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Schult.) Backer mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1927.[1]
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Tre Mạnh Tông, tên khoa học Dendrocalamus asper, là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Schult.) Backer mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1927.
马来甜龙竹（学名：Dendrocalamus asper）为禾本科牡竹属下的一个种。
这是一篇竹類小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 
