Comments
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Commonly found in marshy places, near springs and rivers.
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Comments
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Inglês
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fornecido por eFloras
Two very distinct color forms of this species have been published: Epipactis gigantea forma rubrifolia P. M. Brown, with deep red stems and leaves, and E. gigantea forma citrina P. M. Brown, with lemon-yellow flowers. Both are known from California.
The occurrence of this wide-ranging species in India and Tibet is based on Epipactis royaleana Lindley ex Royle being given as a synonym in a study of the Monocotyledoneae of Karakorum (W. B. Dickoré 1995) and an embryologic study (S. P. Vij et al. 1999).
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Description
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Inglês
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fornecido por eFloras
Plants up to 90 cm, sometimes in large clusters. Stem glabrous. Leaves membraneous, flat, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, up to 15 cm long. Inflorescence loose, usually elongated up to 30 cm; rachis minutely pubescent. Lower bracts exceeding flowers. Flowers distant, spreading to pendent. Sepals green, veined with purple on outside, darker brownish-purple on the inside, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, up to 20 mm long. Petals slightly shorter, broadly ovate. Labellum up to 23 mm long, tinged with brownish-purple, with large hypochile and narrowly ovate epichile. Column including anther up to 9 mm long. Ovary sparsely pubescent, after flowering enlarged.
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Description
(
Inglês
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fornecido por eFloras
Plants to 1.4 m, essentially glabrous. Leaves 4–14, ovate, ovate-elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 5–20 × 2–7 cm. Inflorescences lax racemes; floral bracts lanceolate to oblong, 7–127 mm. Flowers 2–32, rather showy; sepals greenish to rose-colored with rose-colored to purple veins; lateral sepals 16–24 × 8–9 mm, apex very oblique; petals pale pink to rose-colored to orange with red or purple veins, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 13–17 × 6–8 mm; lip marked with red or purple, strongly veined, distinctly 3-lobed, constricted at middle into 2 parts, proximal part papillose, calli red, minute, warty, lateral lobes prominent subtriangular wings, distal part linear-oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate-oblanceolate, grooved to tip, 14–20 mm, calli near base, erect, orange or yellow, winglike; column erect, short, stout, with pair of lateral processes, 5–10 × 3 mm; anther green; pollinia 2 pairs, yellow, soft. Capsules ellipsoid, glabrate or sparsely pubescent, 20–25 mm. 2n = 40.
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Distribution
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Inglês
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Distribution: Himalaya Mts., eastwards to Nepal, Sikkim Bhutan; also in China and N. and Central America.
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Distribution
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Inglês
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B.C.; Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Okla., Oreg., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo.; Mexico; Asia (China, India, s Japan, Tibet).
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Flower/Fruit
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Inglês
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Fl. Per.: July.
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Inglês
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Flowering throughout summer (Mar--Aug).
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Habitat
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Inglês
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fornecido por eFloras
Wet gravelly and sandy stream shores and bars, may occur in riparian willow, box elder, and river birch woodlands or in chaparral, seepages, marshes, wet cliffs, hot springs; 0--3000m.
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Synonym
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Inglês
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Amesia gigantea (Douglas ex Hooker) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride; Helleborine gigantea (Douglas ex Hooker) Druce
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Epipactis gigantea
(
Azerbaijano
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fornecido por wikipedia AZ
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Epipactis gigantea: Brief Summary
(
Azerbaijano
)
fornecido por wikipedia AZ
Epipactis gigantea (lat. Epipactis gigantea) - səhləbkimilər fəsiləsinin epipactis cinsinə aid bitki növü.
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Epipactis gigantea
(
Inglês
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fornecido por wikipedia EN
Epipactis gigantea is a species of orchid known as the stream orchid, giant helleborine, and chatterbox. This wildflower is native to western North America from British Columbia to central Mexico.[1] This is one of the most abundant orchids of the Pacific coast of North America.[2]
Description
Epipactis gigantea is an erect perennial reaching anywhere from 30 centimeters to one meter in height. Its stems have prominently-veined, wide or narrow lance-shaped leaves 5 to 15 centimeters long and inflorescences of two or three showy orchids near the top. Each flower has three straight sepals which are light brownish or greenish with darker veining, each one to two centimeters long. The two top petals are similar in shape and reddish-brown with purple veins. The lowest petal is cup-shaped with a pointed, tongue-like protuberance and is brighter red-brown and more starkly veined, often with areas of yellow. The fruit is a hanging capsule 2 or 3 centimeters long which contains thousands of tiny seeds. This plant grows in wet areas in a variety of habitats, including riverbanks, hot springs, and meadows at elevations between 2800 and 8000 feet. Unlike some of its relatives, this species is an autotroph. A distinctive race with burgundy colored foliage is known from The Cedars in Sonoma County California, an area of serpentine rock, and it is called forma rubrifolia (P M Brown).
Cultivation
Epipactis gigantea is cultivated in the specialty horticulture trade and available as a non-wild collected propagated ornamental plant. A maroon-leaved (forma rubrifolia) cultivar is also grown, called 'Serpentine Night'.
E gigantea clump in moist meadow
Cultivar Serpentine Night
E gigantea flower closeup
References
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Epipactis gigantea: Brief Summary
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por wikipedia EN
Epipactis gigantea is a species of orchid known as the stream orchid, giant helleborine, and chatterbox. This wildflower is native to western North America from British Columbia to central Mexico. This is one of the most abundant orchids of the Pacific coast of North America.
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Epipactis gigantea
(
Espanhol; Castelhano
)
fornecido por wikipedia ES
Epipactis gigantea Douglas ex Hook. 1839 es una especie de orquídeas terrestres, del género Epipactis. Se distribuyen en las zonas templadas y subtropicales del oeste de Norteamérica y el norte de México.
Descripción
Epipactis gigantea tiene una dependencia muy fuerte en su simbiosis con su madeja de hifas. Sus rizomas carnosos y rastreros, desarrollan renuevos, por lo que en la próxima primavera emerge un tallo que alcanza hasta 1m de longitud. Presentan de 4 a 12 hojas ovoideas lanceoladas, alternas, sus márgenes son enteros, el extremo picudo.
La inflorescencia en racimo consta de pocas a varias flores de larga duración, simétricas bilaterales con un atrayente colorido. Brácteas lanceoladas, raquis cubierto de pelusa, los 3 sépalos y los 2 pétalos laterales son ovoides y acuminados. Su color puede variar de tonos verdosos con naranjas o amarillentos .
El labelo está dividido por un hipoquilo con forma de bola, con la superficie externa de un verde blanquecino y surcado con venas oscuras. El epiquilo de un blanco nieve es ondulado con forma de abanico.
El ovario es infero. Produce una cápsula seca con incontables semillas diminutas.
Hábitat
La única especie originaria de América es la heleborina gigante o Epipactis gigantea. Es una especie que se encuentra en el Oeste americano, en el Sur de Canadá y en el Norte de México. Son plantas resistentes a la humedad y se pueden desarrollar en lugares muy húmedos, incluso a lo largo de arroyos, en alturas de 150 a 500 msnm .
Taxonomía
Epipactis gigantea fue descrita por Douglas ex Hook. y publicado en Flora Boreali-Americana 2: 202, pl. 202. 1839.[1]
- Etimología
Ver: Epipactis
gigantea: epíteto latino que significa "gigante", debido al gran tamaño de la planta que alcanza y sobrepasa 1m de altura.
- Sinonimia
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Amesia gigantea (Douglas ex Hook.) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. 1913
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Amesia royleana (Lindl.) Hu 1925
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Cephalanthera royleana Regel 1879
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Epipactis americana Lindl. 1840
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Epipactis royleana Lindl. 1839
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Helleborine gigantea Druce 1909
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Helleborine royleana (Lindl.) Soó 1927
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Limodorum giganteum Kuntze 1891
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Limodorum royleanum (Lindl.) Kuntze 1839
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Peramium giganteum Coult. 1894
-
Serapias gigantea A.A.Eaton 1908.[2][3]
Nombres comunes
- Castellano: heleborina gigante, heleborina de los arroyos
Referencias
Bibliografía
- Leroy-Terquem, Gerald and Jean Parisot. Orchids: Care and Cultivation. London: Cassel Publishers Ltd. 1991
- Schoser, Gustav. Orchid Growing Basics. New York: Sterling Publishing Co. Inc. 1993
- White, Judy. Taylor’s Guide to Orchids. Frances Tenenbaum, Series Editor. New York: Houghton-Mifflin, 1996;
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Orchids by Alec Pridgeon. Published by the Timber Press;
- The Manual Of Cultivated Orchid Species By Bechtel, Cribb and Launert, Published by The MIT Press;
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Epipactis gigantea: Brief Summary
(
Espanhol; Castelhano
)
fornecido por wikipedia ES
Epipactis gigantea Douglas ex Hook. 1839 es una especie de orquídeas terrestres, del género Epipactis. Se distribuyen en las zonas templadas y subtropicales del oeste de Norteamérica y el norte de México.
Ilustración
En su hábitat
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Epipactis gigantea
(
Francês
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Epipactis gigantea
(
Vietnamita
)
fornecido por wikipedia VI
Epipactis gigantea là một loài lan bản địa của tây Bắc Mỹ từ tây Canada đến miền Trung Mexico. Đây là loài có số lượng nhiều nhất ở vùng bờ biển Thái Bình Dương thuộc Bắc Mỹ.
Hình ảnh
Tham khảo
Liên kết ngoài
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Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về
Epipactis gigantea
Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về
Epipactis gigantea
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Epipactis gigantea: Brief Summary
(
Vietnamita
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fornecido por wikipedia VI
Epipactis gigantea là một loài lan bản địa của tây Bắc Mỹ từ tây Canada đến miền Trung Mexico. Đây là loài có số lượng nhiều nhất ở vùng bờ biển Thái Bình Dương thuộc Bắc Mỹ.
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Дремлик гигантский
(
Russo
)
fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
Вид: Дремлик гигантский
Международное научное название
Epipactis gigantea Douglas, 1839
Систематика
на Викивидах
Изображения
на Викискладе ITIS 43481NCBI 2042393EOL 1098322GRIN t:448137IPNI 633213-1TPL kew-70166 Охранный статус NatureServe
![Status TNC G4 ru.svg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Status_TNC_G4_ru.svg/250px-Status_TNC_G4_ru.svg.png)
Предположительно, находящиеся в надёжном состоянии
Apparently Secure: Epipactis gigantea Дре́млик гига́нтский (лат. Epipáctis gigantéa) — вид цветковых растений семейства Орхидные, относящийся к роду Дремлик (Epipactis).
Единственный североамериканский вид рода, широко распространён в западной части США и прилегающих регионах Канады и Мексики.
Ботаническое описание
Многолетние растения до 140 см высотой, с 4—14 яйцевидными до ланцетных и узколанцетных листьями 5—20 см длиной и 2—7 см шириной.
Соцветия — кисти, рыхлые, прицветники ланцетные до продолговатых. Цветки крупные, 2—32 мм в диаметре, с зеленоватыми до розовых внешними листочками околоцветника, боковые из которых 16—24 × 8—9 мм, и внутренними розовыми до оранжевых с красно-фиолетовыми прожилками, 13—17 × 6—8 мм. Губа с красно-фиолетовыми прожилками, отчётливо трёхлопастная, посередине разделённая на две части: ближнюю к основанию красную и отдалённую линейно-обратноланцетную до лопатчато-обратноланцетной оранжево-жёлтую.
Коробочки эллипсоидальные, голые или едва опушённые, 20—25 мм длиной.
Распространение
Встречается на западе Северной Америки от юга Британской Колумбии до Северной Мексики, на восток заходит до Южной Дакоты, Оклахомы и Техаса; также известен из Центральной Мексики (Сан-Луис-Потоси).
Таксономия
Epipactis gigantea Douglas in W. J. Hooker Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2(11): 202, t. 202 (1839).
Синонимы
-
Amesia gigantea (Douglas) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr., 1913
-
Arthrochilium giganteum (Douglas) Szlach., 2003
-
Cephalanthera kokanica Regel ex Nevski, 1935, nom. inval.
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Epipactis americana Lindl., 1840
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Epipactis gigantea f. rubrifolia P.M.Br., 1995
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Epipactis pringlei Gand., 1920
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Helleborine gigantea (Douglas) Druce, 1909
-
Limodorum giganteum (Douglas) Kuntze, 1891, nom. illeg.
-
Peramium giganteum (Douglas) J.M.Coult., 1894
-
Serapias gigantea (Douglas) A.A.Eaton, 1908
Примечания
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Дремлик гигантский: Brief Summary
(
Russo
)
fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
Дре́млик гига́нтский (лат. Epipáctis gigantéa) — вид цветковых растений семейства Орхидные, относящийся к роду Дремлик (Epipactis).
Единственный североамериканский вид рода, широко распространён в западной части США и прилегающих регионах Канады и Мексики.
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