Description
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Boulengerula uluguruensis has a holotype that is 272 mm long from nose to rear with a diameter of 5 mm. The species total length ranges from 130 mm to 272 mm and 3.5 mm to 5 mm in diameter. It has a blunt nose that juts out far in front of its jaw and a retractable tentacle that is located at the middle point over the upper jaw (Barbour and Loveridge 1928). There is one row of teeth on its lower jaw with splenial teeth and a free tongue. The eyes are hidden underneath bone (Nussbaum and Hinkel 1994). Its body is slim with 132 - 148 annuli that are interrupted at the middle dorsal line only at the center of the body (Barbour and Loveridge 1928). The species has no secondary annuli and no dermal scales (Nussbaum and Hinkel 1994).Boulengerula uluguruensis can be distinguished from B. chamgamwensis by their range distributions only. The former has a range in eastern Tanzania, while B. changamwensis is found in southeast Kenya (Harper et al. 2010). The focal species is distinct from B. boulengeri by the latter having fewer annuli, 125 – 135, and having the blue dorsal coloration (Barbour and Loveridge 1928).In life, B. uluguruensis is a flesh-like pink that is somewhat transparent. With sight assistance, white dots can be seen at its rear (Barbour and Loveridge 1928). In alcohol, B. uluguruensis is solid and without color. A dorsal band can be seen with the naked eye on some specimen but not on the holotype (Barbour and Loveridge 1928).The species authority is: Barbour, T., Loveridge A. (1928). “A comparative study of the herpetological faunae of the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Territory with descriptions of new species.” Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College, 50:87-265.Other species in the genus Boulengerula share similar life histories with this species, such as oviparity, direct development, and diets consisting of subterranean macroinvertebrates (Gaborieau and Measey 2004). Based off of Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analysis of 12S, 16S, and cytb mitochondrial DNA sequences of five Boulengerula species, B. uluguruensis is most closely related to B. changamwensis. The clade composed of B. uluguruensis and B. changamwensis is sister to a clade composed of B. taitanus and B. niedeni. Boulengerula boulengeri is basal to the other four species (Loader et al. 2011). This species is named after the Uluguru Mountains in northeastern Tanzania where it is found (Barbour and Loveridge 1928).Measey et al. (2006) hypothesized that B. uluguruensis is more abundant in agricultural zones than forest habitat, but the hypothesis still needs to be tested.Boulengerula uluguruensis was reclassified (along with two other related taxa: B. changamwensis and B. taitanus) to a new genus named Afrocaecilia by Taylor, E. H. in 1968 because of the perceived differences between it and the type species B. boulengeri. However, Nussbaum and Hinkel reversed this classification in 1994.
- Barbour, T. and Loveridge, A. (1928). ''A comparative study of the herpetological faunae of the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Territory with descriptions of new species.'' Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, L(2), 85-265.
- Gaborieau, O., Measey, G.J. (2004). ''Termitivore or detritivore? A quantitative investigation into the diet of the East African caecilian Boulengerula taitanus (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae).'' Animal biology, 54(1), 45 – 56.
- Gower, D.J., Loader, S.P., Wilkinson, M. (2004). ''Assessing the conservation status of soil-dwelling vertebrates: insights from the rediscovery of Typhlops uluguruensis (Reptilia: Serpentes: Typhlopidae).'' Systematics and Biodiversity , 2(1), 79-82.
- Harper, E. B., Measey G. J., Patrick D. A., Menegon M., and Vonesh J. R. (2010). Field Guide to Amphibians of the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya. Camerapix Publishers International, Nairobi, Kenya.
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2016). Boulengerula uluguruensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T59499A16944273. Web. (Downloaded on 18 February 2017).
- Loader, S.P., Wilkinson, M., Cotton, J.A., G. Measey, J., Menegon, M., Howell, K.M. Müller, H., Gower, D.J. (2011). ''Molecular phylogenetics of Boulengerula (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) and implications for taxonomy, biogeography and conservation.'' Herpetological Journal, 21(1), 5-16.
- Measey, G.J., Mejissa, J., Müller, H. (2006). ''Notes on the distribution and abundance of the caecilian Boulengerula uluguruensis (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) in the Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania.'' African Journal of Ecology, 44(1), 6-13.
- autor
- Emir Gokce
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- Megan Duncanson
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- Marcus Joyce
Distribution and Habitat
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This caecilian is found in eastern and coastal mountain ranges of Tanzania, namely the Nguu, Nguru, Uluguru, and Malundwe Mountains, as well as Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve (Loader et al. 2011). The altitude range of B. uluguruensis is estimated to be 400 - 1200 m above sea level (Measey et al. 2006). It is terrestrial and soil-dwelling, found in lowland areas, natural montane forests, plantation forest, and small-scale agricultural areas (Measey et al. 2006, IUCN 2016). It is has a range of at least 24,939 square kilometers (IUCN 2016).
- autor
- Emir Gokce
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- Megan Duncanson
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- Marcus Joyce
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors
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Due to its ability to tolerate altered habitats (such as areas of small-scale agriculture), as well as its presumably large population and relatively wide distribution, this species is considered to be of “Least Concern” in terms of conservation (Measey et al. 2006). Possible threats are hypothesized to include habitat disturbance as a result of growing agricultural land use (IUCN 2016).
- autor
- Emir Gokce
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- Megan Duncanson
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- Marcus Joyce
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors
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A female of the species was recorded to have enlarged eggs at a size of 4 mm by 2.5 mm (Barbour and Loveridge 1928). The species’ life history is mostly unrecorded, but a closely related species, Boulengerula taitanus, lays eggs that hatch through direct development (Nussbaum and Hinkel 1994).
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- Megan Duncanson
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- Marcus Joyce
Boulengerula uluguruensis
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fornecido por wikipedia CA
Boulengerula és un gènere d'amfibis gimnofions de la família Caeciliidae que habita a Tanzània, Kenya, Ruanda i Malaui. Probablement també es trobi a Uganda, la República Democràtica del Congo, Zàmbia i Burundi. El nom del gènere fa referència a George Albert Boulenger (1858-1937), zoòleg britànic d'origen belga.
Espècies
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Boulengerula boulengeri (Tornier, 1896). És endèmica de Tanzània. Els seus hàbitats naturals inclouen boscos secs tropicals o subtropicals, montans secs, terra llaurable, plantacions, jardins rurals i zones prèviament boscoses ara molt degradades. Està amenaçada d'extinció per la destrucció de l'hàbitat.
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Boulengerula changamwensis (Loveridge, 1932). Habita a Kenya, Malaui i possiblement Tanzània, en boscos secs tropicals o subtropicals, montans secs, jardins rurals i zones prèviament boscoses ara molt degradades. Està amenaçada d'extinció per la destrucció de l'hàbitat.
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Boulengerula denhardti (Nieden, 1912). És endèmica de Kenya. Habita en boscos secs tropicals o subtropicals i zones prèviament boscoses ara molt degradades. Està amenaçada d'extinció per la destrucció de l'hàbitat.
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Boulengerula fischeri (Nussbaum & Hinkel, 1994). Endèmica de Ruanda. Habita en montans secs.
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Boulengerula niedeni (Müller, Measey, Loader & Malonza, 2005). L'espècie va ser establerta a partir d'un espècimen descobert a Sagala Hill, una muntanya aïllada dels Taita Hills de Kenya.
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Boulengerula taitana (Loveridge, 1935). És endèmica de Kenya. Els seus hàbitats naturals inclouen montans secs, plantacions, jardins rurals i zones prèviament boscoses ara molt degradades. Sinònims: Boulengerula taitanus (Loveridge, 1935) i Afrocaecilia taitana (Taylor, 1968).
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Boulengerula uluguruensis (Barbour & Loveridge, 1928). És endèmica de Tanzània. Els seus hàbitats inclouen boscos secs tropicals o subtropicals, montans secs, jardins rurals i zones prèviament boscoses ara molt degradades.
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Boulengerula uluguruensis: Brief Summary
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Boulengerula uluguruensis, the Uluguru pink caecilian or Uluguru African caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Caeciliidae. It is endemic to Tanzania where it is found in the Nguu, Nguru, and Uluguru Mountains. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.
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Boulengerula uluguruensis es una especie de anfibios gimnofiones de la familia Herpelidae.
Es endémica de Tanzania.
Sus hábitats naturales incluyen bosques secos tropicales o subtropicales, montanos secos, jardines rurales y zonas previamente boscosas ahora muy degradadas.
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(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Boulengerula uluguruensis: Brief Summary
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Boulengerula uluguruensis Boulengerula generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Herpelidae familian sailkatuta dago, Gymnophiona ordenan.
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Boulengerula uluguruensis est une espèce de gymnophiones de la famille des Herpelidae[1].
Répartition
Cette espèce est endémique de l'Est de la Tanzanie. Elle se rencontre généralement au-dessus de 400 m d'altitude dans les monts Nguu, Nguru et Uluguru[1].
Étymologie
Son nom d'espèce, composé de uluguru et du suffixe latin -ensis, « qui vit dans, qui habite », lui a été donné en référence au lieu de sa découverte.
Publication originale
- Barbour & Loveridge, 1928 : A comparative study of the herpetological faunae of the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Territory with descriptions of new species. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, vol. 50, no 2, p. 87-265 (texte intégral).
Notes et références
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Boulengerula uluguruensis est une espèce de gymnophiones de la famille des Herpelidae.
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Boulengerula uluguruensis é uma espécie de anfíbio gimnofiono da família Caeciliidae. É endémica da Tanzânia.
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Boulengerula uluguruensis
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Boulengerula uluguruensis tiếng Anh thường gọi là Uluguru pink caecilian là một loài lưỡng cư thuộc họ Caeciliidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Tanzania. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vườn nông thôn, và rừng thoái hóa nghiêm trọng.
Tham khảo
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Boulengerula uluguruensis: Brief Summary
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Vietnamita
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fornecido por wikipedia VI
Boulengerula uluguruensis tiếng Anh thường gọi là Uluguru pink caecilian là một loài lưỡng cư thuộc họ Caeciliidae. Đây là loài đặc hữu của Tanzania. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vườn nông thôn, và rừng thoái hóa nghiêm trọng.
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