Scinax berthae Barrio 1962

Northeastern Argentina, southern Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Brazil.

óleo essencial

Description of holotype Snout elongate, pointed as seen from above, and in profile upper jaw projecting considerably beyond the lower. Eye large and prominent, situated laterally, its transverse diameter less than its distance from end of snout; interorbital diameter about 2 times greater than upper eyelid, about one-half greater than distance between nostrils. Tympanum very distinct, rounded, about one-half the diameter of eye, separated from it by an interval almost equal to its own diameter. Canthus rostralis strongly marked; loreal region slightly concave. Tongue large, almost twothirds the width of mouth opening, oval with a notch on its partly free posterior margin. Vomerine teeth in 2 short, posteriorly converging patches between the large, oval choanae. Nostrils lateral, projecting considerably with a distinct median furrow between them; their distance from end of snout more than one-third that to eye, separated from each other by an interval almost equal to this distance from eye; opening directed laterally. Fingers completely free, fourth much longer than second, adhesive disks extended laterally, the disk of third not as large as the tympanum; no pollex. Subarticular tubercles distinct on every finger, but mainly in the fourth one. Femur and tibia together shorter than length of body. Toes webbed; web fails to reach base of distal phalanx of any toe; third toe almost as long as fifth, disk of fourth not as large as the tympanum. Disks on forefoot as large as on hind foot. Subarticular tubercle well developed; an elongated inner and a median, almost circular, outer tubercle. Apparently no tarsal ridges; no dermal appendage on heel. Body elongate, the postaxillary region a little less wide than the greatest width of head. When hind leg is adpressed, heel reaches the anterior corner of eye; when limbs are laid along the sides, knee and elbow touch each other; when hind legs are bent at right angles to body, heels overlap. Skin of upperparts very granular in life but quite smooth, with a few median granulations, in the preserved specimen. An upper tympanic ridge rather distinct. Skin smooth on chin and throat, coarsely granular on chest, belly, and lower parts of femur. A median vocal sac not very evident externally. Color in life: Dorsal surface varies from light to dark gray; sometimes grayish green. At the inguinal skin-fold region and nearby parts of belly and thigh there are 3 or 4 yellowish orange spots, inconstant about the knee flexion folds and near regions. Color in alcohol: Dorsal surface grayish, a dark bar between the eyes, extending onto upper eyelids, notched posteriorly. A black stripe beginning at the nostril, passing below the canthus rostralis and across the upper tympanic ridge, ending at the flank of the body; another dorsal black stripe beginning behind eyes extending nearly to the inguinal region. Forearms with 2 dark crossbands and other little spots on the fingers. Hind legs with 2 dark crossbands on femur, another 2 on tibia, a small crossband on the knee and some small spots on feet. Entire ventral surface speckled. Measurements of the holotype: Head and body, 18.1 mm; head length, 6 mm; head width, 6 mm; femur, 8.5 mm; tibia, 9 mm; foot, 12 mm: hand, 4.6 mm. Allotype: Adult female L.I.H. No. 1081, Punta Lara, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Interocular spot slightly notched. Head and body, 20.6 mm; head length, 7.6 mm; width, 6.8 mm; femur, 8.5 mm; tibia, 9.5 mm; foot, 13 mm; hand, 5 mm. The paratypes differ slightly from the holotype and allotype in details of dorsal pattern. Larval morphology An specimen at Gosner Stage 37 has the following measurements: total length 21.3, body length 8.4, tail length 13.4, body maximum width = 5.3, body width at eyes 4.8, body width at nostrils 4.0, body maximum height =4.5, fin height 4.7, tail muscle height 2.2, rostrospiracular distance 6.0, spiracular-posterior distance 2.4, frontonasal distance 1.1, narial-ocular distance 0.8, nostril diameter 0.8, eye diameter 1.3, extranarinal distance 2.6, internarinal distance 2.1, extraorbital distance 4.6, interorbital distance 2.8, oral disc width 2.3, rostral gap 1.0. Overall ovoid body that is wider than high (body maximum width/bodymaximum width 1.17). The snout is rounded both in lateral and dorsal views. The nostrils are dorsolateral, located nearer to rhe eyes than to the snout. The eyes are lateral. The spiracle is single, sinistral, and lateral; although it opens below the mid-level of the body, it is visible in dorsal view. The vent tube is 2.0 mm Ion?, lies along the ventral mid-iine, and opens slightly dextrally. The tail represents about 62% of the total length. The tail fin height is slightly greater than that of the body. The dorsal fin extends onto the body and is slishtly higher than the ventral fin. The height ofthe ventral tin is subequal to the height of the tail musculature. The shape of the tail tip is flagelliform, with a rounded tip. The oral disc is anteroventral. A single row of medium-sized marginal papillae borders the oral disc. The labial tooth row formula is: 2(2)/3. The length of row AI is 2.2 mm and that of A2 is 2.0 mm. On the posterior labium, the length of row P1 is 2.0 mm, P2 is 1.9 mm, and P3 is 1.8 mm. The length of the beak is approximately l.0 mm. The upper and lower beaks are serrated and approximately 20% keratinized (as suggested by pigmentation). The upper beak is broadly W-shaped and the lower beak is V-shaped. In life, the body is brown dorsally and has a wide, brownish inter-orbital band. The body is pale brown laterally. The caudal musculature is brown, and has a wide, irregular, darker brown longitudinal band for about half of its length. This band is flanked above and below by pale yellow bands. The dorsal band extends posteriorly for about SO% of the total tail length, whereas the ventral one extends for only about 20% of the tail length. The colouration of preserved specimens is similar to that of living individuals. In lateral view the body colouration is light brown with small brownish and reticulate spots. The yellow tail bands disappear in preserved specimens. The area of the throat is semitransparent and the intestinal coils are visible through the skin. The tail fins are transparent with small, brown, patches of melanin. These melanin patches are more abundant on the ventral fin, and they tend to accumulate on the first quarter in the dorsal fin.

LC. Least Concern.

Scinax berthae és una espècie de granota que es troba a l'Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai i Uruguai.

Scinax berthae là một loài ếch trong họ Nhái bén. Nó được tìm thấy ở Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay, và Uruguay. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng ẩm ướt đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vùng đồng cỏ ôn đới, đồng cỏ nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới vùng ngập nước hoặc lụt theo mùa, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, vùng đồng cỏ, và các khu rừng trước đây bị suy thoái nặng nề. Loài này đang bị đe dọa do mất môi trường sống.