Sarsiella capsula Norman 1869

Sarsiella capsula Norman, 1869

Sarsiella capsula Norman, 1869:293.—Brady and Norman, 1896:677, pl. 60: figs 1–4, 18.—Kornicker, 1967:32, fig. 16, pl. 3 [redescription]; 1974:27, figs. 11–13a,b.

Sarsiella levis Müller, 1894:216, fig. 2, pl. 1: fig. 28, pl. 4: figs. 11, 12, 19, 20, 23, 24, 26, 32, 36, 45–47, pl. 8: figs. 2–3.

Nematohamma obliqua Brady and Norman, 1896:680–682, pl. 52: figs. 1–2, pl. 53: figs. 12–15.

Sarsiella? capsula.—Scott, 1902:475, pl. 25: figs. 27–32.

Eusarsiella levis.—Poulsen, 1965:44, 83, 160.

Not Sarsiella capsula.—Sars. 1888:229, pl. 3: figs. 5–7, pl. 10.—Müller, 1894:214, pl. 4: figs. 4–6, 8–10, 22, 25, 27–29, 31, 33–35, 37, 48, pl. 8: figs. 6–7.—Brady, 1911:595.—Rome, 1942:8.

HOLOTYPE.—Unique female, on dry slide in Norman Collection at the British Museum (Natural History) (1911.11.8, M3985).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—In vicinity of the Shetland Islands.

MATERIAL.—USNM 156614, 1 ovigerous female from station A10b; USNM 156627, 1 ovigerous female from station X048; USNM 156814, 1 ovigerous female from station A8a; USNM 156815, 14 specimens from station X041; USNM 156636, 1 ovigerous female and 2 juveniles from station X057; USNM 156816, 1 juvenile from station X068; USNM 156626, 1 ovigerous female from station X048; USNM 156817, 19 specimens from station X048; 10 specimens from station X048 in Museum of Natural History “Grigore Antipa,” Bucharest, Romania; USNM 156625, 1 adult male from station X048.

DESCRIPTION OF ADULT FEMALE (Figures 4–6; Plates 1, 2).—Carapace oval in lateral view with projecting posteroventral caudal process; anterior rotund without rostrum or incisur; broad alar process present in posterodorsal part of each valve appearing truncate in dorsal view.

Ornamentation: 6 radial anteroventral ribs extending outward from slightly depressed central area, a 7th rib extending to tip of caudal process (Figure 4); edge of alar posterodorsal process marked by rib; small shallow fossae abundant on valve surface; SEM micrographs reveal numerous digitate processes in fossae (Plate 1c–f), and also punctae on surface of valves between fossae (Plate 1c); long bristles present along anterior and ventral margins and sparsely distributed on valve surface (Plates 1a, 2a,d), some with papillae? (Plate 2e); gel-like coating not present on valves; concretions present on some valves (Plate 1a,b).

Infold: Minute bristle present on anterior infold (Figure 5a); infold of caudal process with 8 small bristles (Figure 5a,b; Plate 2f); bristles bear pore near middle (Plate 2b,c); a few additional smaller bristles along inner margin of infold; 2 setose bristles present just dorsal to caudal process.

Size: USNM 156627, length 1.13 mm, height 0.92 mm; USNM 156614, length 1.13 mm, height 0.93 mm; USNM 156626, length 1.19 mm, height 0.99 mm.

First Antenna (Figure 5c): 1st joint: bare. 2nd joint: 1 spinous dorsal bristle and few spines along dorsal margin. 3rd joint: fused to 4th, with 2 spinous bristles (1 ventral, 1 dorsal). 4th joint: 4 spinous bristles (1 dorsal, 3 ventral). 5th joint: sensory bristle with 3 minute filaments. 6th joint: short spinous medial bristle. 7th joint: bare a-bristle about same length as 5th joint; b-bristle bare, about one-third longer than a-bristle; c-bristle slightly longer than sensory bristle of 5th joint, with 3 minute marginal filaments. 8th joint: d- and e-bristles bare with blunt tips, slightly shorter than sensory bristle; f- and g-bristles same length as d-bristle, with 3 minute marginal filaments.

Second Antenna: Protopodite bare. Endopodite with 1 or 2 short proximal bristles and small terminal process (process could be considered to be 2nd joint) (Figure 5d). Exopodite: 1st joint with minute medial spine terminally; joints 2–8 with short spines forming row along distal margin; 2nd joint with bristle with about 25 slender spines proximally along ventral margin and distal natatory hairs; joints 3–6 with bristles with faint, hairlike, proximal spines along ventral margin and natatory hairs; joints 7 and 8 with bristles with natatory hairs; 9th joint with 2 bristles (1 long ventral bristle with slender hairlike spines proximally along ventral margin and distal natatory hairs, and 1 short dorsal bristle with short marginal hairs).

Mandible (Figure 5e): Coxale with stout medial spine near ventral margin and long hairs distally along ventral margin. Basale: medial side with 2 short bristles near ventral margin; lateral side with 2 minute bristles near ventral margin; ventral margin with 2 minute bristles, proximal of these with base on medial side; dorsal margin with minute subterminal bristle. Endopodite: 1st joint with medial surface with numerous distal spines, dorsal margin with minute terminal spines continuing as row on medial surface, ventral margin with distal spines, and stout terminal claw with minute spines proximally along dorsal margin; 2nd joint with stout ventral claw and short, terminal, dorsal bristle; end joint with stout terminal claw and 3 short bristles (2 ventral, 1 dorsal).

Maxilla (Figure 6a): Coxale with short dorsal bristle and fringe of long hairs. 3 endites with total of 16 bristles. Basale with bristle near exopodite. Exopodite with 2 bristles, inner of these bare, about one-half length of outer spinous bristle (spines not shown on bristle in Figure 6a). Endopodite: 1st joint with few distal spines along dorsal margin, α- and β-bristles with numerous teeth along proximal unringed part and more slender spines along ringed distal part (spines on β-bristle not shown in Figure 6a); end joint with 2 short a-bristles, 1 short c-bristle, and 5 stout pectinate end bristles, the anterior of these ringed distally.

Fifth Limb (Figure 6b): Epipodial appendage with 25 bristles. Single endite with short bare bristle. Exopodite: 1st joint with 2 spinous bristles; joints 2–5 fused, hirsute, with total of 7–8 spinous bristles. [Kornicker (1974:29) incorrectly described the fused 2nd to 5th joints of an immature female as having 9 bristles, but correctly showed 7 bristles on the illustration of the limb (1974:30, fig. 12A).]

Sixth Limb (Figure 6c): Single endite with 2 short medial bristles and 1 longer terminal bristle; end joint with 9–10 ventral bristles with short marginal spines, and 2 long hirsute posterior bristles; posterior one-third of medial surface and posterior margin with long hairs; anterior two-thirds of medial surface with short, slender spines forming rows; lateral surface with hairs near base of the 2 posterior bristles.

Seventh Limb (Figure 6d): 2 proximal bristles present (1 on each side), each with 5 bells decreasing in size distally along bristle; distal group with 6 bristles (3 on each side) comprising 2 short bristles, each with 3 bells decreasing in size distally, and 4 long bristles, each with 6 bells of which proximal 3 are much larger than distal 3; terminus without combs.

Furca (Figure 6g): Each lamella with 5 slender claws; claw 1 joined to lamella, claws 2–5 separated from lamella by suture; claws 1–4 with teeth along posterior margins, some of these stouter than others; claw 1 with hairs along anterior margin; long medial hairs near base of claw 1; minute spines on anterior margin of lamella; 2 or 3 minute spines on lamella following claw 5.

Rod-shaped Organ (Figure 6e): Elongate with rounded tip.

Eyes: Medial eye lightly pigmented, bare (Figure 6e); lateral eye about same size as medial eye, with light brown pigment and 4 ommatidia (Figure 6e,h).

Upper Lip (Figure 6f): Helmet shaped.

Eggs: USNM 156627 with 5 eggs in marsupium; USNM 156614 with 6 eggs (for position of eggs, see Figure 6g); USNM 156626 with 4 eggs.

Sarsiella capsula Norman, 1869

Sarsiella capsula Norman, 1869:293.—Brady and Norman, 1896:677, pl. 60: figs. 1–4, 18.—Kornicker, 1967b:32, fig. 16 [redescription].

Sarsiella levis Müller, 1894:216, pl. 4: figs. 11–12, 19–20, 23–24, 26, 32, 36, 45–47, pl. 8: figs. 2–3.

Nematohamma obliqua Brady and Norman, 1896:680–682, pl. 52: figs. 1–2, pl. 53: figs. 12–15.

Sarsiella (?) capsula.—Scott, 1902:475, pl. 25: figs. 27–32.

Not Sarsiella capsula.—Sars, 1888:229, pl. 3: figs. 5–7, pl. 10.—Müller, 1894:214, pl. 4: figs. 4–6, 8–10, 22, 25, 27–29, 31, 33–35, 37, 48, i. 8: figs. 6–7.—Brady, 1911:595.—Rome, 1942:8.

MATERIAL.—Two immature females from station B59, Gulf of Naples, collected by H. S. Puri and G. Bonaduce; 1 left valve of an immature female and 1 juvenile (ZMB 9156) and 1 adult male and 5 females and juveniles (GMZ 25020) collected by G. W. Müller. I had the opportunity to examine briefly the specimens of the Zoological Institute of Greifswald but did not dissect any. The present study is based primarily on specimen No. 1 from station B59 (Figure 11), which I estimate to be an N-1 stage instar. This specimen is part of the collections of the Zoological Station of Naples; some appendages are on slides, the remaining appendages and the valves are preserved in alcohol.

DISTRIBUTION.—Mediterranean: Gulf of Naples. Atlantic Ocean: In vicinity of Shetland Islands, Valentia, Ireland; Birterbuy Bay, Ireland.