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Candelariales

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Image of eggyolk lichen
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of eggyolk lichen
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau
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Candelariella reflexa; Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of Hidden goldspeck lichen
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Candelariella aurella (Hidden goldspeck lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Nucletmycea; Dikarya; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau
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Candelariella reflexa; Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of eggyolk lichen
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Candelariella plumbea (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of eggyolk lichen
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of eggyolk lichen
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Candelariella vitellina (eggyolk lichen); Candelariella (eggyolk lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Image of lemon lichen
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Candelaria concolor (lemon lichen); Candelaria (lemon lichen); Candelariales; Candelariaceae; Lecanoromycetes; Ascomycota (sac fungi); Fungi (mushrooms, lichens, molds, yeasts and relatives); Dikarya; Nucletmycea; Opisthokonta (opisthokonts); Cellular; Life; Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Ascus with paraphyses
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    Longitude (deg): -1.0. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Magnoliidae. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on piece of worked wood. Category: microscope photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with Meiji microscope using CS adaptor and x.7 projection eye-piece.
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.0. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Magnoliidae. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on piece of worked wood. Category: microscope photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with Meiji microscope using CS adaptor and x.7 projection eye-piece.
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.0. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Magnoliidae. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on piece of worked wood. Category: microscope photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with Meiji microscope using CS adaptor and x.7 projection eye-piece.
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.0. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Magnoliidae. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on piece of worked wood. Category: microscope photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with Meiji microscope using CS adaptor and x.7 projection eye-piece.
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.0. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Magnoliidae. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on piece of worked wood. Category: microscope photograph. Photographic equipment used: Pixera Pro tethered low-resolution digital camera with Meiji microscope using CS adaptor and x.7 projection eye-piece.
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Thallus - magnified
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    Longitude (deg): -1.5. Latitude (deg): 53.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 53° 40' N. Vice county name: South-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 63. Country: England. Stage: Anamorph and Teliomorph. Identified by: Peter Earland-Bennett. Category: microscope photograph. Image scaling: magnified. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
  • Image of Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau
    Thallus - magnified
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    Longitude (deg): -2.3. Latitude (deg): 54.1. Longitude (deg/min): 2° 20' W. Latitude (deg/min): 54° 10' N. Vice county name: Mid-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 64. Country: England. Stage: Anamorph. Associated species: Ulmus. Identified by: Peter Earland-Bennett. Comment: on Elm. Category: microscope photograph. Image scaling: magnified. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Thallus
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    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Thallus
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    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: enlarged. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Thallus
    cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Thallus
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    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Thallus
    cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR with Tamron SP AF Di 90mm Macro 1:1 lens.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Longitude (deg): -1.9. Latitude (deg): 50.8. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 60' W. Latitude (deg/min): 50° 50' N. Vice county name: Dorset. Vice county no.: 9. Country: England. Stage: Fruitbody. Associated species: Salix. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: on willow trunk and branch. Category: macro-photograph. Image scaling: magnified. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR and MP-E 65mm x1 to x5 macro lens.
  • Image of Hidden goldspeck lichen
    Thallus
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    Longitude (deg): -1.5. Latitude (deg): 53.6. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 30' W. Latitude (deg/min): 53° 40' N. Vice county name: South-west Yorks. Vice county no.: 63. Country: England. Stage: Anamorph and Teliomorph. Identified by: Peter Earland-Bennett. Comment: on concrete shelter. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: "35mm transparencies (on a variety of films, but Agfa CT18 in the 1960's to early 1980's followed by Fujichrome in the late 1980's.) Transparencies scanned with Minolta Dimage Scan Dual II AF-2820U transparency scanner.".
  • Image of Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau
    Brbol   Flickr Group
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Sarah Gregg   Flickr Group
    Sant'Eufemia a Maiella, Abruzzi, Italy
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Jos Mara Escolano   Flickr Group
    Zaragoza: Aragn (Espaa) sobre alabastro.Identificacin: Biodiversidad Virtual
  • Image of eggyolk lichen
    Antnio Pena   Flickr Group
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Amadej Trnkoczy   Flickr Group
    Candelaria concolor (Dickson) SteinCandleflame lichen, Lemon lichenDat.: March 11. 2017Lat.: 46.35907 Long.: 13.69871Code: Bot_1037/2017_DSC7062Habitat: mountain pasture, slightly inclined mountain slope, south aspect; sunny, relatively warm and dry place; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by host tree canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: Bark of living branch of a stand-alone Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near abandoned farm house Strgulc, Soa 47, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: This micro-beauty usually appears in discrete, suborbicular, flat cushions, which are quite small, less than 10 mm in diameter. But, it can be also abundant, in larger, irregular, widespread fragments, sometimes confluent and covering the whole small branches circumferentially. When looked through a hand lens it appears like an incredible natural filigree of saturated bright yellow lobules set in a delicate, stochastic ornament. Their ends are sorediate at the margin. The lobules are attached to the bark with scattered, white, simple rhizines. This is one of lichens, which can be relatively easily recognized by habit only, without microscope and chemical tests. Eventually it can be confused with very small lobed Xanthoria species, where a test with K solves the dilemma. Candelaria concolor is K negative.Ref.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 242.(2) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 110.(3) C.W. Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 275.(4) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S. Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 205.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Amadej Trnkoczy   Flickr Group
    Candelaria concolor (Dickson) SteinCandleflame lichen, Lemon lichenDat.: March 11. 2017Lat.: 46.35907 Long.: 13.69871Code: Bot_1037/2017_DSC7062Habitat: mountain pasture, slightly inclined mountain slope, south aspect; sunny, relatively warm and dry place; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by host tree canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: Bark of living branch of a stand-alone Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near abandoned farm house Strgulc, Soa 47, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: This micro-beauty usually appears in discrete, suborbicular, flat cushions, which are quite small, less than 10 mm in diameter. But, it can be also abundant, in larger, irregular, widespread fragments, sometimes confluent and covering the whole small branches circumferentially. When looked through a hand lens it appears like an incredible natural filigree of saturated bright yellow lobules set in a delicate, stochastic ornament. Their ends are sorediate at the margin. The lobules are attached to the bark with scattered, white, simple rhizines. This is one of lichens, which can be relatively easily recognized by habit only, without microscope and chemical tests. Eventually it can be confused with very small lobed Xanthoria species, where a test with K solves the dilemma. Candelaria concolor is K negative.Ref.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 242.(2) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 110.(3) C.W. Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 275.(4) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S. Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 205.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Amadej Trnkoczy   Flickr Group
    Candelaria concolor (Dickson) SteinCandleflame lichen, Lemon lichenDat.: March 11. 2017Lat.: 46.35907 Long.: 13.69871Code: Bot_1037/2017_DSC7062Habitat: mountain pasture, slightly inclined mountain slope, south aspect; sunny, relatively warm and dry place; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by host tree canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: Bark of living branch of a stand-alone Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near abandoned farm house Strgulc, Soa 47, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: This micro-beauty usually appears in discrete, suborbicular, flat cushions, which are quite small, less than 10 mm in diameter. But, it can be also abundant, in larger, irregular, widespread fragments, sometimes confluent and covering the whole small branches circumferentially. When looked through a hand lens it appears like an incredible natural filigree of saturated bright yellow lobules set in a delicate, stochastic ornament. Their ends are sorediate at the margin. The lobules are attached to the bark with scattered, white, simple rhizines. This is one of lichens, which can be relatively easily recognized by habit only, without microscope and chemical tests. Eventually it can be confused with very small lobed Xanthoria species, where a test with K solves the dilemma. Candelaria concolor is K negative.Ref.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 242.(2) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 110.(3) C.W. Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 275.(4) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S. Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 205.
  • Image of lemon lichen
    Amadej Trnkoczy   Flickr Group
    Candelaria concolor (Dickson) SteinCandleflame lichen, Lemon lichenDat.: March 11. 2017Lat.: 46.35907 Long.: 13.69871Code: Bot_1037/2017_DSC7062Habitat: mountain pasture, slightly inclined mountain slope, south aspect; sunny, relatively warm and dry place; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by host tree canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevations 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: Bark of living branch of a stand-alone Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near abandoned farm house Strgulc, Soa 47, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: This micro-beauty usually appears in discrete, suborbicular, flat cushions, which are quite small, less than 10 mm in diameter. But, it can be also abundant, in larger, irregular, widespread fragments, sometimes confluent and covering the whole small branches circumferentially. When looked through a hand lens it appears like an incredible natural filigree of saturated bright yellow lobules set in a delicate, stochastic ornament. Their ends are sorediate at the margin. The lobules are attached to the bark with scattered, white, simple rhizines. This is one of lichens, which can be relatively easily recognized by habit only, without microscope and chemical tests. Eventually it can be confused with very small lobed Xanthoria species, where a test with K solves the dilemma. Candelaria concolor is K negative.Ref.:(1) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.1., Ulmer (1995), p 242.(2) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 110.(3) C.W. Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, The British Lichen Society, (2009), p 275.(4) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S. Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 205.
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