↑ 2,02,1Kincaid, T., 1899. The Psychodidae of the Pacific Coast. Entomological news, and proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia. 10:30-37.
↑Robert Leslie Usinger, 1956. Aquatic insects of California: with keys to North American genera and California species. University of California Press. ISBN 0520012933. [1]