Yellowjackets, Hornets, And Paper Wasps

Samos, Greece

Randers Fjord

Vespa mandarinia feeding on mantisVespa mandarinia japonicaJan 25, 2008From Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.Ropalidia spp., habitus (♀). A Ropalidia artifex (de Saussure, 1854) B Ropalidia bicolorata van der Vecht, 1962 C Ropalidia cyathiformis (Fabricius, 1804) D Ropalidia fasciata (Fabricius, 1804) E Ropalidia flavopicta (Smith, 1857) F Ropalidia hongkongensis (de Saussure, 1854)G Ropalidia malaisei van der Vecht, 1962 H Ropalidia marginata (Lepeletier, 1793) I Ropalidia mathematica (Smith, 1860) J Ropalidia obscura Gusenleitner, 1996.

Figure 3.Shape PCA of all five OTUs of the Polistes gallicus-group. a, b Scatterplot of first against second shape PC a females b males c, d Scatterplot of isosize against first shape PC c females d males. Symbols: orange circles = Polistes biglumis, purple triangles = Polistes bischoffi, green diamonds = Polistes gallicus, blue rectangles = Polistes hellenicus, red dots = Polistes helveticus. In parentheses, the variance explained by each shape PC. Encircled upper case letters show the position of the type specimens of various nominal taxa: (A) Polistes bimaculatus pamirensis Zirngiebl, 1955, syntypes; (B) Polistes bimaculatus nigrinotum Zirngiebl, 1955, holotype; (C) Polistes bischoffi Weyrauch, 1937, neotype; (D) Polistes foederatus obscuricornis Mader, 1936, syntypes; (E) Polistes omissus ordubadensis Zirngiebl, 1955, holotype; (F) Polistes omissus kaszabi Giordani Soika, 1970, holotype; (G) Polistes foederatus albellus Giordani Soika, 1976, paratype; (H) Polistes helveticus Neumeyer sp. n., holotype; (I) Polistes dubius Kohl, 1898, lectotype; (J) Polistes foederatus Kohl, 1898, holotype; (K) Polistes gallicus mongolicus Buysson, 1911, syntype; (L) Polistes hellenicus Arens, 2011, holotype.

Randers Fjord

Randers Fjord

Figure 1.Ropalidia spp., habitus (♀). A Ropalidia artifex (de Saussure, 1854) B Ropalidia bicolorata van der Vecht, 1962 C Ropalidia cyathiformis (Fabricius, 1804) D Ropalidia fasciata (Fabricius, 1804) E Ropalidia flavopicta (Smith, 1857) F Ropalidia hongkongensis (de Saussure, 1854)G Ropalidia malaisei van der Vecht, 1962 H Ropalidia marginata (Lepeletier, 1793) I Ropalidia mathematica (Smith, 1860) J Ropalidia obscura Gusenleitner, 1996.

Figure 11.Distribution of examined specimens of Polistes bischoffi Weyrauch, 1937 and Polistes helveticus sp. n. While Polistes bischoffi mainly occurs from Southern Europe to Western Asia, Polistes helveticus appears to have a more northern distribution in Central Europe. Thus far, the only incidences of syntopy (Polistes bischoffi, Polistes helveticus) are from Switzerland.

Randers Fjord

Midtsjælland

Figure 1.Ropalidia spp., habitus (♀). A Ropalidia artifex (de Saussure, 1854) B Ropalidia bicolorata van der Vecht, 1962 C Ropalidia cyathiformis (Fabricius, 1804) D Ropalidia fasciata (Fabricius, 1804) E Ropalidia flavopicta (Smith, 1857) F Ropalidia hongkongensis (de Saussure, 1854)G Ropalidia malaisei van der Vecht, 1962 H Ropalidia marginata (Lepeletier, 1793) I Ropalidia mathematica (Smith, 1860) J Ropalidia obscura Gusenleitner, 1996.

Randers Fjord

Randers Fjord

Figure 2.Ropalidia spp., habitus (♀). A Ropalidia opifex van der Vecht, 1962 B Ropalidia ornaticeps (Cameron, 1900) C Ropalidia parartifex Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (holotype) D Ropalidia rufocollaris (Cameron, 1900) E Ropalidia santoshae Das & Gupta, 1989 F Ropalidia scitula (Bingham, 1897) G Ropalidia stigma (Smith, 1858) H Ropalidia sumatrae (Weber, 1801) I Ropalidia taiwana Sonan, 1935 J Ropalidia variegata (Smith, 1852).

Hadsund Syd

Vrangeskov, Denmark

Figure 2.Ropalidia spp., habitus (♀). A Ropalidia opifex van der Vecht, 1962 B Ropalidia ornaticeps (Cameron, 1900) C Ropalidia parartifex Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (holotype) D Ropalidia rufocollaris (Cameron, 1900) E Ropalidia santoshae Das & Gupta, 1989 F Ropalidia scitula (Bingham, 1897) G Ropalidia stigma (Smith, 1858) H Ropalidia sumatrae (Weber, 1801) I Ropalidia taiwana Sonan, 1935 J Ropalidia variegata (Smith, 1852).

Præstegårds Plantage, Sejerslev, Mors, Danmark

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Figure 2.Ropalidia spp., habitus (♀). A Ropalidia opifex van der Vecht, 1962 B Ropalidia ornaticeps (Cameron, 1900) C Ropalidia parartifex Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (holotype) D Ropalidia rufocollaris (Cameron, 1900) E Ropalidia santoshae Das & Gupta, 1989 F Ropalidia scitula (Bingham, 1897) G Ropalidia stigma (Smith, 1858) H Ropalidia sumatrae (Weber, 1801) I Ropalidia taiwana Sonan, 1935 J Ropalidia variegata (Smith, 1852).

Præstegårds Plantage, Sejerslev, Mors, Danmark

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Figure 3.Ropalidia parartifex Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. A–E Female (♀): A Head, frontal view B Head and mesosoma, dorsal view C Right fore wing D Propodeum and first metasomal segment, dorsal view E Second metasomal segment to the end, dorsal view F–J Male (♂): F Head, frontal view G Head, dorsal view H Right antenna I Metasomal, latral view J Penis, lateral view.