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Trachelomonas (track-ell-owe-moan-ass) is an autotrophic euglenid flagellate. The genus is distinguished from others because the cells live within a loose fitting lorica with a small opening. The lorica of many species is elaborated with spikes or spines. The lorica accumulates metal salts with age, becoming brown and brittle and often obscuring the bright green colour of the chloroplasts within the cell. Red eyespot evident as dark region near the anterior of the cell. There is one emergent flagellum which emerges from the opening of the lorica. After division of the daughter cells will emerge from the opening of the lorica. Most freshwater but occasionally found in brackish habitats. Phase contrast.
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Portrait of the colorless euglenoid flagellate, Menoidium bibacillatum (Pringsheim, 1942). Strongly flattened. One side curved with the other more straight. One emergent flagellum. Stigma absent. Paramylon bodies are dimorphic with smaller round and larger elongate ring forms. Swims rotating on long axis. Highly refractile. From standing freshwater near Boise, Idaho. DIC.
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Euglena mutabilis (you-glean-a mew-tab-ill-iss), is a moderately long but usually thin worm-like euglena. It may or may not have an emerging flagellum, and distinguished from similarly-shaped species by the relatively small number of large chloroplasts. The image also shows (from anterior - top): flagellar pocket, stigma or eyespot, small paramylon granules, and nucleus in the middle of the cell. Typically very metabolic - squirming a lot as is suggested by the different profiles in this image. Differential interference contrast.
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Euglena ehrenbergii. Cell observed in freshwater habitats in the vicinity of Broome, Western Australia in September 2003. This image was taken using phase contrast optics. This work was supported by the Australian Biological Resources Study.
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Trachelomonas (track-ell-owe-moan-ass) is an autotrophic euglenid flagellate. The genus is distinguished from others because the cells live within a loose fitting lorica with a small opening. The lorica of many species is elaborated with spikes or spines. The lorica accumulates metal salts with age, becoming brown and brittle and often obscuring the bright green colour of the chloroplasts within the cell. Red eyespot evident as dark region near the anterior of the cell. There is one emergent flagellum which emerges from the opening of the lorica. After division of the daughter cells will emerge from the opening of the lorica. Most freshwater but occasionally found in brackish habitats. Phase contrast.
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Portrait of the colorles euglenoid flagellate,Menoidium bibacillatum (Pringsheim, 1942). Strongly flattened. One side curved with the other more straight. One emergent flagellum. Stigma absent. Paramylon bodies are dimorphic with smaller round and larger elongate ring forms. Swims rotating on long axis. Highly refractile. From standing freshwater near Boise, Idaho. Phase contrast.
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Phacus pyrum or P. rudicula, a small euglenoid flagellate having a pyriform rigid pellicle thrown into folds (P. pyrum is described as round in cross section while P. rudicula is said to be more flattened as is the cell shown here, but it is likely the two are different forms of the same species). With oblique ridges and tapering, pointed posterior. Red stigma. These individuals have shed their flagella which are usually about 1½ body length. From freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho. Oblique illumination.
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Euglena mutabilis is a worm like gliding Euglena which rarely swims. With more than 10 (up to 100), disk-shaped, plastids situated just below surface. Plastids are disc shaped and pressed against the inner face of the pellicle. Phase contrast.
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Euglena ehrenbergii. Cell observed in freshwater habitats in the vicinity of Broome, Western Australia in September 2003. This work was supported by the Australian Biological Resources Study.
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Trachelomonas (track-ell-owe-moan-ass) is an autotrophic euglenid flagellate. The genus is distinguished from others because the cells live within a loose fitting lorica with a small opening. The lorica of many species is elaborated with spikes or spines. The lorica accumulates metal salts with age, becoming brown and brittle and often obscuring the bright green colour of the chloroplasts within the cell. Red eyespot evident as dark region near the anterior of the cell. There is one emergent flagellum which emerges from the opening of the lorica. After division of the daughter cells will emerge from the opening of the lorica. Most freshwater but occasionally found in brackish habitats. Phase contrast.
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Scanning electron micrograph showing the anterior flagellum and the cell shape.
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Euglena (you-glean-a) is the iconic genus of euglenoid flagellates. The body is typically spindle-shaped, although two flagella arise in a pocket within the cell only one emerges (and sometimes none). The body can squirm, and the cell has one to many chloroplasts. At the anterior of the body a thin channel (flagellar canal) leads to the flagellar pocket, and alongside this is a contractile vacuole. A red eyespot or stigma is assoicated with the bottom of the flagellar canal. This image is included to show the pattern of beat of the flagellum. It is called a whiplash beat because a loop is made to progress along the flagellum. Flagella are usually held pointed to the side and slightly to the rear. The progression of the loop along the flagellum makes the cell move forward in a spiral path. Phase contrast.
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Euglena ehrenbergii. Cell observed in freshwater habitats in the vicinity of Broome, Western Australia in September 2003. This image was taken using differential interference contrast optics. This work was supported by
The Australian Biological Resources Study
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Trachelomonas (track-ell-owe-moan-ass) is an autotrophic euglenid flagellate. The genus is distinguished from others because the cells live within a loose fitting lorica with a small opening. The lorica of many species is elaborated with spikes or spines. The lorica accumulated metal salts with age, becoming brown and brittle - as is evident here. The lorica usually obscures the bright green colour of the chloroplasts within the cell. Red eyespot evident as dark region near the anterior of the cell. There is one emergent flagellum which emerges from the opening of the lorica. After division of the daughter cells will emerge from the opening of the lorica. Most freshwater but occasionally found in brackish habitats. Phase contrast.
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Cryptoglena pigra. Although Cryptoglena has been considered a euglenid flagellate the genus should probably be considered of uncertain affinity. The cells are solitary and have a single emergent flagellum slightly longer than the cell body. The cell body is rigid, dorsoventrally flattened and ovoid in outline with rounded anterior and bluntly pointed posterior. There is an obvious longitudinal furrow seen well in this image. Described as having one or two laminate parietal chloroplasts without pyrenoids. The posterior nucleus is not visible in this image. The prominent anterior stigma is seen well here. The genus has been described as monospecific by some authors and as containing five or six species by others. From a slow flowing freshwater stream near Boise, Idaho. Differential interference contrast illumination.
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Euglena (you-glean-a) is the iconic genus of euglenoid flagellates. The body is typically spindle-shaped, although two flagella arise in a pocket within the cell only one emerges (and sometimes none). The body can squirm, and the cell has one to many chloroplasts. At the anterior of the body, a thin channel (flagellar canal) leads to the flagellar pocket, and alongside this is a contractile vacuole. A red eyespot or stigma is associated with the bottom of the flagellar canal. Phase contrast.
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Phacus agilis. Cell observed in freshwater habitats in the vicinity of Broome, Western Australia in September 2003. This image was taken using differential interference contrast optics. This work was supported by the Australian Biological Resources Study.
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Trachelomonas (track-ell-owe-moan-ass) is an autotrophic euglenid flagellate. The genus is distinguished from others because the cells live within a loose fitting lorica with a small opening. The lorica of many species is elaborated with spikes or spines. The lorica accumulates metal salts with age, becoming brown and brittle and often obscuring the bright green colour of the chloroplasts within the cell. Red eyespot evident near the anterior of the cell. There is one emergent flagellum which emerges from the opening of the lorica. After division of the daughter cells will emerge from the opening of the lorica. Most freshwater but occasionally found in brackish habitats. Phase contrast.
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Euglena deses is a worm like gliding Euglena which rarely swims (ignore the Tetraselmis to the right) is one of a group of worm-like species, either with very short flagella or no emergent flagellum. They rely on gliding to make their way through the substrate. Very metabolic. E. deses is distinguished by the rather similar E. mutabilis by the large numbers of plastids (individual plastids cannot be seen in this micrograph). The red spot is the stigma or eye-spot, the nucleus is the grey zone in the centre of the cell. Phase contrast.
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Euglena (you-glee-na) is the iconic representative of the euglenids, a group of flagellates common in freshwaters and marine sediments. Some euglenids have bright green chloroplasts, such as this one, and there is also a small red eyespot located close to the anterior (to the right, here) of the cell. This species, probably E. mutabilis, is worm-like, squirms and has no emergent flagella. Differential interference contrast. Material from Nymph Creek and Nymph Lake, thermal sites within Yellowstone National Park, photograph by Kathy Sheehan and David Patterson.
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Euglena deses. Brightfield portrait of slender very plastic elongate species. Anterior end rounded. Posterior end tapers rather bluntly. Short emergent flagellum not seen here. Chloroplasts are relatively large flat and round or polygonal in outline. Prominent eyespot. Found among decaying leaves on bottom of freshwater pond near Boise, Idaho in October 2002.
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