Scarab Beetle

Figures 11–13. Dorsal habitus of Parochodaeus species, males 11 Parochodaeus jujuyus, sp. n.12 Parochodaeus perplexus, sp. n.13 Parochodaeus phoxus, sp. n.

Figures 9–21.Onthophagus males (holotypes, except 13, 15, 18) . 9–11, 21 Onthophagus kokosquamatus; 12, 17 Onthophagus abmisibilus; 13, 18 Onthophagus catenatus, vicinity of Mt Hagen 14, 15, 19 Onthophagus kokodanus kokodanus, 15 minor male E Pt Moresby 16, 20 Onthophagus k hagenaltus. 9–10 habitus (oblique and lateral views) 11–16 head and pronotum in dorsofrontal view 17–21 parameres in lateral view (scales 1 mm).

Figures 16–23.Head, full-face view, and pronotum, dorsal view, of Bolboceras: 16–19 Bolboceras inaequale (16–17 major specimen from Kolkata 18–19 minor specimen from Dhanjuri) 20–21 duplicatum,holotype 22–23 orissicum,holotype. Scale lines 1 mm.

Figures 73–87.Female elytral epipleuron (gray, ventral view) and position relative to metacoxa in Peltonotus. 73 Peltonotus brunnipennis 74 Peltonotus cybele 75 Peltonotus favonius 76 Peltonotus fujiokai 77 Peltonotus gracilipodus, Peltonotus podocrassus and Peltonotus silvanus 78 Peltonotus kyojinus 79 Peltonotus malayensis 80 Peltonotus morio 81 Peltonotus mushiyaus 82 Peltonotus nasutus 83 Peltonotus nethis 84 Peltonotus pruinosus 85 Peltonotus rubripennis 86 Peltonotus similis 87 Peltonotus sisyrus

Figure 2.Cyphopisthes monteithi sp. n. A Extended Holotype, dorsal view B enrolled Holotype, ventral view C enrolled Holotype, dorsal view D enrolled Holotype, lateral view.

Figure 7.Pronotum of males with body length 20 mm, dorsal, higher areas light, inner teeth of transversal pronotal carina indicated by white arrow:  A Oryctophileurus armicollis Prell B Oryctophileurus guerrai; ocellate punctures at posteriolateral pronotal surface, character state does not differ between sexes C Oryctophileurus armicollis D Oryctophileurus guerrai.

Figure 6.Distribution of the species of the Neoserica (s.l.) septemlamellata group: Neoserica changrae, Neoserica crenatolineata, Neoserica daweishanica, Neoserica igori, Neoserica jiulongensis, Neoserica septemlamellata, Neoserica weishanica.

Figure 1.A–D Gastroserica carolusi sp. n. (holotype) E–H Gastroserica fengduana (holotype) I–L Gastroserica haoyui sp. n. (holotype). A, E, I Aedeagus, left side lateral view C, G, K Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J parameres, dorsal view D, H, L Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Figures 12–21.Left protibia and mandibles of Apterocyclus species. 12, 17 Apterocyclus honoluluensis 13, 18 Apterocyclus kawaii 14, 19 Apterocyclus munroi 15, 20 Apterocyclus palmatus 16, 21 Apterocyclus waterhousei.

Map 2. Argentinean distribution of Parochodaeus jujuyus (white circles), Parochodaeus perplexus (orange circles), Parochodaeus cornutus (blue squares), and Parochodaeus dentipes (yellow triangle).

Figures 33–44.Details of morphology of Onthophagus (holotypes, except 38, 44). 33–38 O. k. kokodanus, 38 female paratype, E Pt Moresby 39–44 Onthophagus kokodanus hagenaltus 44 minor male paratype, Mt Hagen 33, 38, 39, 44 head in dorsal view 34, 40 pronotum and head armature in dorsal view 35, 41 elytron in dorsal view 36, 42 protibia, upper side 37, 43 metatibia, underside. Scales 1 mm.

Figures 1–8.Oblique and lateral habitus views of Bolboceras: 1–4 Bolboceras inaequale (1–2 major specimen from Kolkata, length 11 mm 3–4 minor specimen from Dhanjuri, length 9 mm) 5–6 duplicatum, holotype 7–8 orissicum, holotype. Scale lines 1 mm.

Figures 1–12.Peltonotus species dorsal habitus. 1 Peltonotus animus, male 2–3 Peltonotus cybele, male and female (respectively) 4 Peltonotus favonius, male 5–7 Peltonotus fujiokai, males (showing variation) 8 Peltonotus fujiokai, female 9 Peltonotus karubei, male 10–11 Peltonotus malayensis, male and female (respectively) 12 Peltonotus morio, male.

Figure 3.Cyphopisthes monteithi sp. n., aedeagus A dorsal view of parameres B lateral view of aedeagus. Scale bar: 0,1 mm.

Figure 6.Dorsal and lateral habitus of Oryctophileurusarmicollis Prell, 1911, A and B holotype male, body length 18.5 mm C and D female, body length 18 mm, scale bar 5 mm.

Figure 4.A–D Neoserica daweishanica Ahrens, Liu & Fabrizi sp. n. (holotype) E–H Neoserica jiulongensis Ahrens, Liu & Fabrizi sp. n. (holotype) A, E Aedeagus, left side lateral view C, G Aedeagus, right side lateral view B, F parameres, dorsal view D, H Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Figure 4.Distribution of newly described Gastroserica species.

Figures 7–8.Primary types of Apterocyclus species. 7 Apterocyclus palmatus Van Dyke, holotype 8 Apterocyclus waterhousei Sharp, holotype.

Figures 1–3. Characters of the head of Parochodaeus species 1 Head of Parochodaeus pudu with 2 frontal tubercles, dorsal view 2 Head and pronotum of Parochodaeus procelipes, lateral viewshowing clypeal horn and pronotum that is strongly declivous anteriorly 3 Head of Parochodaeus campsognathus with large, angulate carina on vertex of head, dorsal view

Figures 9–21.Onthophagus males (holotypes, except 13, 15, 18) . 9–11, 21 Onthophagus kokosquamatus; 12, 17 Onthophagus abmisibilus; 13, 18 Onthophagus catenatus, vicinity of Mt Hagen 14, 15, 19 Onthophagus kokodanus kokodanus, 15 minor male E Pt Moresby 16, 20 Onthophagus k hagenaltus. 9–10 habitus (oblique and lateral views) 11–16 head and pronotum in dorsofrontal view 17–21 parameres in lateral view (scales 1 mm).

Figures 9–15.Forebody and aedeagus of Bolboceras: 9–12 head and pronotum, frontodorsal view 9–10 Bolboceras inaequale (9 major specimen from Kolkata 10 minor specimen from Dhanjuri) 11 duplicatum,holotype 12 orissicum,holotype 13–15 aedeagus, upper side view, of 13 Bolboceras inaequale,major specimen from Kolkata 14 orissicum,holotype 15 duplicatum,holotype. Scale lines 1 mm.

Figures 20–24.Head (dorsal view) showing characters of the labrum, mandible, and clypeus. 20 Peltonotus karubei (apex of labrum deeply bi-lobed; apex of mandible rounded laterally) 21 Peltonotus malayensis (apex of labrum bi-emarginate; apex of mandible rounded laterally) 22 Peltonotus vittatus (apex of labrum bi-emarginate; apex of mandible rounded laterally) 23 Peltonotus nasutus (apex of labrum weakly sinuate; apex of mandible quadrate laterally with broadly truncate apex; apex of clypeus with weak tubercle in male) 24 Peltonotus morio (apex of labrum weakly sinuate; apex of mandible quadrate laterally with broadly truncate apex; apex of clypeus without tubercle in male).

Figure 5.Outline of punctation pattern in A Cyphopisthes yorkensis sp. n. B Cyphopisthes descarpentriesi Paulian, 1977 C Cyphopisthes monteithi sp. n. (drawings by Mario Toledo).

Figure 8.Dorsal and lateral habitus of Oryctophileurus guerrai sp. n., A and B holotype male, body length 20 mm C and D allotype female, body length 19 mm, scale bar 5 mm.